大耳和小耳系蕨麻猪肥育性能及肉质性状比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 14:01

本文选题：蕨麻猪　切入点：大耳系　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：蕨麻猪属藏猪中的小型猪,原产地在甘肃甘南藏族自治州,早在2006年就被认定为中华人民共和国“国家级畜禽遗传保护品种”。本研究所选蕨麻猪来自陕西华阳良种猪有限公司,他们在饲养过程中发现大耳和小耳系蕨麻猪生长性状存在明显的差异性,本研究针对大耳和小耳系蕨麻猪的肥育性能、胴体性能、肉质性状进行了比较分析。本试验选择日龄相近的大耳和小耳系蕨麻猪各15头,分栏饲养,每栏5头,在相同条件下饲养。肥育130日后,随机选择大耳和小耳系蕨麻猪各3头,进行相关性能测定,测定结果如下:1、大耳和小耳系蕨麻猪肥育性能分析:大耳系蕨麻猪肥育效果显著好于小耳系(P0.01),大耳系料重比显著低于小耳系(P0.05)。2、大耳和小耳系蕨麻猪胴体性能分析:两品系猪宰前活重、胴体重、胴体长、平均背膘厚呈显著性差异(P0.05),表明大耳系蕨麻猪体形比小耳系大。大耳系屠宰率、眼肌面积、脂肪率等屠宰性状在数值上与小耳系存在一定差距,但差异不显著(P0.05)。3、大耳和小耳系蕨麻猪肉质性状分析:(1)肉质性状:两品系猪肉pH均在正常范围内,大耳系蕨麻猪肉大理石纹分值为4.73,极显著高于小耳系的3.13分(P0.01);大耳系剪切力23.04 N,小耳系剪切力16.14 N,剪切力差异显著(P0.05),表明小耳猪嫩度较大耳猪好;(2)脂肪酸含量:两品系肌内脂肪含量差异极显著(P0.01),其中大耳系2.66%,小耳系1.47%,这与大理石纹分值结果相吻合。大耳系蕨麻猪饱和脂肪酸含量较小耳系低,其中硬脂酸含量差异显著(P0.05);(3)氨基酸含量:必需氨基酸含量大耳系为8.34%,小耳系8.14%,二者之间差异极显著(P0.01),大耳系苏氨酸含量极显著高于小耳系(P0.01),大耳系蕨麻猪亮氨酸、赖氨酸以及风味氨基酸、天冬氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、精氨酸含量显著高于小耳系(P0.05)。综上所述,大耳系蕨麻猪肥育性能较小耳系好,两品系胴体性状不存在显著差异,大耳系蕨麻猪必需氨基酸含量高于小耳系。
[Abstract]:A small pig of Tibetan pigs, native to Gansu and Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, it was recognized as a "national breed of livestock and poultry genetic protection" in the people's Republic of China in 2006. The selected fern hemp pig in this study came from Shaanxi Huayang Fine breed Pig Co., Ltd. In the course of feeding, they found that there were obvious differences in growth traits between large ear and small ear ferns. This study aimed at the fattening performance and carcass performance of big ear and small ear fern. The meat quality characters were compared and analyzed. In this experiment, 15 big ear and 15 small ear fern hemp pigs of similar age were fed in columns, 5 in each column, and fed under the same conditions. After 130 days of fattening, 3 large ear ferns and 3 small ear ferns were randomly selected. To carry on the related performance measurement, The results are as follows: 1. The results are as follows: the fattening effect of large ear fern and small ear fern is better than that of small ear P0. 01, the feed weight ratio of big ear is significantly lower than that of small ear, and the carcass performance of big ear and small ear fern is lower than that of small ear. Two strains of pigs live before slaughter, There were significant differences in carcass weight, carcass length and average backfat thickness (P 0.05), which indicated that the body shape of large ear line fern Ma pig was larger than that of small ear line, and the slaughter rate, eye muscle area and fat percentage of large ear line were different from those of small ear line. However, the difference was not significant (P0.05. 3). The meat quality traits of Pteris macrophylla and Pteris microphylla were in the normal range, the meat quality characters of the two lines were in the normal range. The marbling score of large ear fern was 4.73, which was significantly higher than that of small ear (3.13) (P 0.01), and the shear stress of large ear (23.04 N) and microear (16.14 N), the difference of shear force was significant (P 0.05), which indicated that the content of fatty acid in small ear pigs with higher tenderness was higher than that in small ear pigs (P < 0.05). The difference of intramuscular fat content between the two strains was very significant (P 0.01). The content of saturated fatty acids in large ear line 2.66 and small ear line 1.47 was consistent with the marbling score. The saturated fatty acid content of large ear fern hemp pig was lower than that of small ear line. Among them, the content of stearic acid was significantly different (P 0.05) amino acid content: the content of essential amino acid was 8.34 in the large ear line, 8.14 in the small ear line. The difference between them was very significant (P 0.01). The content of threonine in the large ear line was significantly higher than that in the small ear line (P 0.01). The contents of lysine and flavor amino acids, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, arginine were significantly higher than those of small ear line P0.05. In conclusion, the fattening performance of big ear line fern Ma pig was better than that of small ear line, and there was no significant difference in carcass traits between the two lines. The content of essential amino acids in large ear fern hemp pig was higher than that in small ear line.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.89

【参考文献】