松针多糖对815肉鸡生产性能和免疫机能的影响

发布时间：2018-03-11 15:38

本文选题：松针多糖　切入点：生产性能　出处：《江西农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：松针中含有多种畜禽所需的营养成分,以及多糖、黄酮、皂苷等功能活性成分,具有一定的药理功效,可以开发成新型绿色饲料添加剂。本试验以松针多糖为研究对象,通过在基础日粮中添加不同水平的松针多糖,研究松针多糖对肉鸡生产性能、屠宰性能、血清生化指标以及免疫机能的影响,探讨松针多糖对肉鸡生产性能的影响及作用机制。试验选用体重相近的815肉雏鸡300只,随机分为五组,每组四个重复,每个重复15只鸡,分别设对照组(基础日粮)、抗生素组(基础日粮+0.50%抗敌素)、0.05%、0.10%、0.15%松针多糖组(基础日粮+0.05%、0.10%、0.15%的松针多糖),饲养63 d。测定不同阶段肉鸡生产性能、屠宰性能、血清生化指标以及免疫机能等相关指标的变化。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,添加松针多糖抑制了鸡只采食,促进日增重,降低了料重比(P0.05),提高了肉鸡的生产性能,其效果接近抗生素组。松针多糖的促生长作用主要体现在生长中期(22~42 d),且随着松针多糖添加量的上升,815肉鸡日增重呈现先增加后降低的趋势,以0.10%松针多糖添加组最高(P0.05)。(2)松针多糖对肉鸡的屠宰性能无明显影响(P0.05),除在肉鸡生长后期(43~63 d)0.05%多糖组极显著的提高了肉鸡的屠宰率(P0.01),比对照组提高了4.62%。(3)0.05%松针多糖可以提高肉鸡生长中期的血糖浓度(P0.05),促进机体糖代谢;提高总蛋白和白蛋白的含量,促进蛋白质代谢;显著降低胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白的含量(P0.05),有一定的降脂功效,但在后期添加松针多糖反而有相反的作用。(4)松针多糖对肉鸡的免疫器官指数无明显影响(P0.05),但能够显著的提高肉鸡血清中肿瘤坏死因子、白细胞介素2的浓度和胸腺中胸腺素的浓度(P0.05)。其中0.05%松针多糖效果最好,白细胞介素2的浓度比对照组提高了176%(P0.01),肿瘤坏死因子的浓度提高32.4%(P0.05)。在生长后期,胸腺素以0.10%多糖组效果较佳,比对照组提高了62.2%(P0.05)。松针多糖通过提高鸡只的体液免疫指标,加强鸡只的免疫机能,从而达到提高肉鸡生产性能的作用,其效果接近抗生素组。且在生长前中期添加松针多糖还有调节机体脂代谢的效果。总体来看,815肉鸡添加0.05%的松针多糖能取得较好的效果。
[Abstract]:Pine needle contains many kinds of nutrition components needed by livestock and poultry, as well as polysaccharides, flavonoids, saponins and other functional active ingredients. It has certain pharmacological effects and can be developed into a new type of green feed additive. By adding different levels of pine needle polysaccharides to the basal diet, the effects of pine needle polysaccharides on the performance, slaughter performance, serum biochemical index and immune function of broilers were studied. To explore the effect and mechanism of pine needle polysaccharides on the performance of broilers, 300 chicks of 815 chicks of similar body weight were randomly divided into five groups, with four replicates in each group and 15 chickens in each replica. Control group (basal diet) and antibiotic group (basal diet 0.50%) with 0.15% pine needle polysaccharide (basal diet 0.50%) and 0.15% pine needle polysaccharide (basal diet 0.05) were divided into two groups. The performance and slaughtering performance of broilers at different stages were measured. The results showed that compared with the control group, the addition of pine needle polysaccharides inhibited the feed intake, promoted the daily gain, decreased the feed weight ratio (P 0.05), and improved the performance of broilers. The effect of Pine Needle Polysaccharide was similar to that of antibiotic group. The effect of Pine Needle Polysaccharide on growth was mainly reflected in the middle growth period of 22 ~ 42 days, and with the increase of Pine Needle Polysaccharide content, the daily gain of Pine Needle Polysaccharide increased first and then decreased. (0.10% pine needle polysaccharide addition group, highest (P0.05P0.05U. 2)) pine needle polysaccharides had no significant effect on slaughter performance of broilers. Except for the control group, the slaughter rate of broiler chickens was significantly increased by 4.622... 30.05% compared with that of the control group, except that in the group of 0.10% pine needle polysaccharides added at 43 ~ 63 days after the growth of broilers, the slaughter rate of broilers was increased significantly. The percentage of P0.01g was increased by 4.62.30.05% compared with that of the control group. In order to increase the blood glucose concentration of broiler in the middle growth period (P0.05N), promote the metabolism of body sugar; Increase the content of total protein and albumin, promote protein metabolism, significantly reduce cholesterol, low density lipoprotein content of P0.05N, have a certain effect of lowering fat, However, the addition of pine needle polysaccharides in the later stage had the opposite effect on the immune organ index of broilers, but could significantly increase the tumor necrosis factor in the serum of broilers, but had no significant effect on the immune organ index of broilers. The concentration of interleukin 2 and thymosin in thymus was P0.050.The concentration of 0.05% pine needle polysaccharides was the best. The concentration of interleukin 2 was 176p 0.01m higher than that of the control group, and the concentration of tumor necrosis factor was increased 32.4% P0.050.In the later stage of growth, the concentration of interleukin 2 was higher than that of the control group. The effect of thymosin 0.10% polysaccharide group was better than that of the control group, which increased 62.2% P0.050.The pine needle polysaccharide enhanced the immune function of broilers by improving the humoral immunity index of chickens, thus achieving the effect of improving the performance of broiler chickens. The effect was close to that of antibiotic group, and the effect of adding pine needle polysaccharide in the middle of growth period and regulating the lipid metabolism of the body. In general, the addition of 0.05% pine needle polysaccharides could get a better effect.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831.5

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