浓缩糖蜜发酵液对奶牛瘤胃发酵和生产性能的影响

发布时间：2018-03-11 16:51

本文选题：浓缩糖蜜发酵液　切入点：奶牛　出处：《新疆农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究通过两个试验评价了浓缩糖蜜发酵液(condensed molasses fermentation solubles,CMS)在奶牛日粮中的安全性,研究了CMS在奶牛日粮中的适宜饲喂量,以及CMS对奶牛瘤胃发酵、血液指标、生产性能和营养物质表观消化率的影响,分析了CMS应用于奶牛日粮中的经济效益。具体试验方法和结果如下:试验一选用75头泌乳高峰期经产荷斯坦奶牛,按年龄、体重、胎次、泌乳天数、体细胞数(SCC)、产奶量等相近的原则随机分为5组(对照组、0.5%CMS组、1.5%CMS组、2.5%CMS组和5%CMS组),每组15个重复,每个重复1头牛。对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组在对照组日粮基础上分别饲喂0.5%、1.5%、2.5%和5%CMS(TMR%),各组日粮保持等氮等能。预试期7 d,正试期45 d。试验结果表明:1)CMS适宜饲喂量为1.5%,当超过1.5%时,牛只会出现腹泻;2)对照组、0.5%和1.5%CMS组DMI显著高于5%CMS组(P0.05);3)对照组、0.5%和1.5%CMS组产奶量显著高于2.5%和5%CMS组(P0.05),且2.5%CMS组产奶量显著高于5%CMS组(P0.05);4)对照组、0.5%和1.5%CMS组乳蛋白率显著高于2.5%和5%CMS组(P0.05);5)2.5%CMS组牛奶尿素氮显著高于0.5%CMS组(P0.05)。试验二通过试验一的研究筛选得到CMS适宜的饲喂量,进一步细化研究安全剂量下CMS对奶牛瘤胃发酵、血液指标、生产性能和营养物质表观消化率的影响。试验选用45头泌乳中期经产荷斯坦奶牛,按年龄、体重、胎次、泌乳天数、体细胞数(SCC)和产奶量等相近的原则随机分为3组(对照组、0.75%CMS组和1.5%CMS组),每组15个重复,每个重复1头牛。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在对照组日粮基础上分别饲喂0.75%和1.5%CMS(TMR%),各组日粮保持等氮等能。预试期15 d,正试期60 d。试验结果表明:1)不同剂量CMS对奶牛瘤胃发酵指标的影响没有显著性差异(P0.05);2)不同剂量CMS对奶牛血液指标的影响没有显著性差异(P0.05);3)1.5%CMS组DMI和乳蛋白率显著高于0.75%CMS组和对照组(P0.05),1.5%CMS组产奶量和饲料蛋白质表观消化率显著高于对照组(P0.05),1.5%CMS组4%校正乳极显著高于0.75%CMS组和对照组(P0.01);4)0.75%CMS组体细胞数显著低于对照组(P0.05);5)0.75%和1.5%CMS的经济效益高于对照组。结论:奶牛日粮中CMS的适宜的饲喂量为1.5%,不宜超过1.5%,过量的CMS会导致奶牛腹泻,影响乳品质;1.5%CMS能提高奶牛DMI、产奶量、乳蛋白率和饲料蛋白质表观消化率,在一定程度上能降低体细胞数,同时能带来一定的经济效益。
[Abstract]:Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the safety of concentrated molasses molasses fermentation solublesCMSs in dairy cattle diet, and to study the appropriate feed rate of CMS in dairy cattle diet, as well as the effects of CMS on rumen fermentation and blood index of dairy cattle. The effects of production performance and apparent digestibility of nutrients on the economic benefit of CMS application in dairy cattle diet were analyzed. The specific test methods and results were as follows: in experiment 1 75 Holstein cows with peak lactating period were selected according to their age and body weight. The similar principles of birth order, lactation days, somatic cell count and milk yield were randomly divided into 5 groups (control group, 0.5 CMS group, 1.5cm CMS group, 2.5cm CMS group and 5cm CMS group, 15 replicates in each group, 1 cow per repeat). The control group was fed with basal diet. On the basis of the diet of the control group, the treatment group was fed 0.5% and 1.5% and 5% CMST MRN, respectively, and each group maintained equal nitrogen and equal energy. The experimental period was 7 days, and the positive test period was 45 days. The results showed that the appropriate feeding amount of CMS was 1.5%, and when it was more than 1.5%, The milk yield of the control group 0.5% and 1.5CMS group was significantly higher than that of the 5CMS group P0.05%) the milk yield of the control group 0.5% and 1.5% was significantly higher than that of the 2.5% and 5 CMS groups, and the milk yield of the 2.5% CMS group was significantly higher than that of the 5CMS group P0.054) the milk protein rates of the control group 0.5% and 1.5% were significantly higher than that of the control group P0.05%. The milk urea nitrogen of the 2.5% and 5 CMS groups was significantly higher than that of the 0.5 CMS group. The effects of CMS on rumen fermentation, blood index, production performance and apparent digestibility of nutrients were further studied at safe dose. 45 Holstein cows were selected according to age, body weight, birth order and lactation days. The similar principles of SCC count and milk yield were randomly divided into 3 groups (control group 0.75 CMS group and 1.5 CMS group, 15 replicates in each group and 1 cow per repeat). The control group was fed basic diet. The experimental group was fed with 0.75% and 1.5 CMS on the basis of the control diet respectively. The diets in each group maintained isonitrogen isoenergy. The experimental period was 15 days and the positive test period was 60 days. The results showed that the effects of different doses of CMS on rumen fermentation index of dairy cattle were not significantly different. There was no significant difference in the effect of different doses of CMS on the blood indexes of dairy cows. The DMI and milk protein rates in P0.05T3 / 1.5 CMS group were significantly higher than those in the 0.75 CMS group and the control group (P0.05) and the apparent digestibility of feed protein was significantly higher than that in the control P0.051.5 CMS group (P 0.05). The apparent digestibility of feed protein was significantly higher than that in the control P0.051.5 CMS group. The number of somatic cells in the milk extremely higher than that in the 0.75 CMS group and the control group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P 0.05) 0.75% and 1.5 CMS respectively. Conclusion: the appropriate feeding amount of CMS in the diet of dairy cows is 1.5, not more than 1.5. Excessive CMS can lead to diarrhea in dairy cows. The effect of CMS on milk quality can improve DMI, milk yield, milk protein rate and apparent digestibility of feed protein, reduce the number of somatic cells to a certain extent, and bring some economic benefits at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823.5

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