基于RNA-Seq技术的长江三角洲白山羊优质笔料毛性状研究及皮肤毛囊结构的观察

发布时间：2018-03-13 09:20

本文选题：长江三角洲白山羊　切入点：优质笔料毛　出处：《扬州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：长江三角洲白山羊是国内外唯一以生产优质笔料毛为特征的肉、皮、毛兼用型山羊品种,其所生产的优质笔料毛是制作高档毛笔的独特原料。长江三角洲白山羊是我国珍贵的不可替代的种质资源,由于其独特的产毛性能,又有笔料毛山羊之称。目前,对长江三角洲白山羊优质笔料毛性状的研究主要集中在宏观领域,在分子水平方面的研究尚未深入开展,本研究是在本课题组前期相关分子机制研究的基础上,主要是通过RNA-Seq技术对长江三角洲白山羊优质笔料毛性状做进一步研究,以深入探讨该性状形成的分子机理。本试验通过对长江三角洲白山羊优质笔料毛型和非优质笔料毛型山羊皮肤转录组进行高通量测序,旨在筛选可能影响长江三角洲白山羊优质笔料毛性状的重要基因及相关通路,并通过PCR-SSCP技术对相关基因做多态性分析。同时利用冷冻切片技术来比较优质笔料毛型与非优质笔料毛型个体颈脊部及背部皮肤毛囊的结构,旨在寻找两种性状毛囊结构的区别。本研究得到以下结论：(1)优质笔料毛型和非优质笔料毛型山羊共有差异表达基因295个；以非优质笔料毛型山羊为对照,在优质笔料毛型山羊皮肤组织中,表达上调基因132个,表达下调基因62个,特异表达基因有101个。(2)根据差异表达基因GO显著性富集分析、代谢通路显著性富集分析和表达量差异倍数,筛选出MAPSK1基因和MAPK信号通路可能在长江三角洲白山羊优质笔料毛性状形成过程中起重要作用。(3) NCBI山山羊MAP3K1基因的十个SNP错义位点在优质笔料毛型和非优质笔料毛型山羊个体中未发现。(4)优质笔料毛型个体与非优质笔料毛型个体颈脊部及背部皮肤毛囊结构无差异,但两种笔料毛型个体颈脊部初级毛囊密度显著低于优质型个体背部初级毛囊的密度。本研究获得了优质笔料毛型和非优质笔料毛型山羊所有Unigene的注释信息,建立了差异表达基因库,获得了所有差异表达基因所属代谢通路的信息,为进一步研究长江三角洲白山羊优质笔料毛性状的形成机理提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:The Yangtze River Delta White Goat is the only breed of meat, skin and wool that is characterized by the production of high quality pen hair at home and abroad. The high quality brush hair produced by it is a unique raw material for making high-grade brush. The Yangtze River Delta white goat is a precious and irreplaceable germplasm resource in China, and it is also known as the pen hair goat because of its unique wool production performance. The research on the quality of white goats' hair traits in the Yangtze River Delta is mainly focused on the macroscopic field, but the study on molecular level has not been carried out in depth. This study is based on the previous study of molecular mechanism in our group. The main purpose of this study was to further study the quality of pen and wool characters of white goats in the Yangtze River Delta by RNA-Seq technique. In order to explore the molecular mechanism of the formation of this trait, high throughput sequencing was carried out on the skin transcriptome of high quality pen hair type and non quality pen hair type of Yangtze River Delta white goat. The aim of this study was to screen important genes and related pathways that might affect the quality of hair traits of white goats in the Yangtze River Delta. The polymorphism of related genes was analyzed by PCR-SSCP technique. The structure of cervical spine and back skin hair follicles of individuals with high quality pen hair and non-high quality pen hair were compared by using frozen section technique at the same time. The aim of this study was to find out the difference of hair follicle structure between the two traits. In this study, we got the following conclusion: 1) there are 295 differentially expressed genes between fine and non-high quality pen hair goats. In the skin tissues of high quality pencil-hair goats, 132 up-regulated genes, 62 down-regulated genes and 101 specific expression genes were detected. Significant enrichment of metabolic pathways and multiple differences in expression levels, Screening of MAPSK1 gene and MAPK signaling pathway may play an important role in the formation of high quality pen hair traits of Yangtze River Delta white goats.) Ten SNP missense sites of MAP3K1 gene of NCBI mountain goat are found to be in high quality pen hair type and non-high quality pen hair type. There was no difference in the structure of hair follicles in the cervical spine and back between the individuals with high quality pen hair and those with non-high quality pen hair, and there was no significant difference in the structure of hair follicles in the neck and back between the individuals with high quality pen and hair. However, the density of the primary hair follicles in the cervical spine of the two types of individuals was significantly lower than that of the primary hair follicles in the back of the high quality individuals. In this study, the annotated information of all Unigene of the high quality pen hair goats and the non-high quality wool goats were obtained. The differential expression gene bank was established, and the information of metabolic pathway of all differentially expressed genes was obtained, which provides a theoretical basis for the further study of the formation mechanism of high quality hair traits of white goats in the Yangtze River Delta.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S827

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