畜禽表观遗传学主要研究领域及研究进展

发布时间：2018-03-16 07:18

本文选题：畜禽表观遗传学　切入点：表观遗传修饰　出处：《中国畜牧兽医》2016年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：表观遗传学(epigenetics)是指DNA序列未发生变化,而基因表达却发生了可遗传的变化。近年来,表观遗传学在家养动物研究领域发展极为迅速,主要畜种涉及鸡、猪、牛、羊等,并形成一门新兴学科——畜禽表观遗传学(livestock epigenetics)。畜禽表观遗传学主要针对各种表观遗传修饰,包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰及非编码RNA等,研究家养动物的生长发育、疾病抗性、繁殖、经济等性状的表达调控基础。作者综述和分析了畜禽表观遗传学的主要研究领域及现状,进一步对其发展趋势进行了展望,有助于全面了解畜禽复杂性状形成的分子基础,这也极大开拓了研究和改善畜禽各类经济性状的思路与策略。
[Abstract]:Epigenetics (epigenetics) means that the DNA sequence has not changed, but the gene expression has undergone a genetic change. In recent years, epigenetics has developed rapidly in the field of domestic animal breeding. The main livestock species include chickens, pigs, cattle, sheep, etc. The epigenetics of livestock and poultry is mainly aimed at various epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNA, to study the growth and disease resistance of domestic animals. The main research fields and present situation of animal epigenetics were reviewed and analyzed, and the development trend of animal epigenetics was prospected. It is helpful to fully understand the molecular basis of the complex characteristics of livestock and poultry, which greatly opens up ideas and strategies for the study and improvement of various economic traits of livestock and poultry.
【作者单位】：中国农业大学动物科技学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31272420) 国家奶牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-37-04B) 十二五国家科技支撑项目(2011BAD28B02) 教育部基本科研项目(2011JS006) 长江学者与创新团队发展计划(IRT1191)资助
【分类号】：S813

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