陇县关山草原草地成因与承载力研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 11:41

本文选题：关山草原　切入点：成因　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：草原是一种重要的生态经济资源,如果能够充分合理的利用,人类就会获得非常可观的经济和生态效益。关山草地资源非常丰富,但是长期以来,由于自然因素和人为因素的综合作用,草原退化严重,生态环境持续恶化,严重影响了草原畜牧业的发展和农牧民收入水平的提高。因此,科学评价不同因素对草原退化的影响,提出合理的遏制草原退化的策略,对促进草地资源的可持续利用,具有十分重大的意义。本研究通过实地调查和资料查找等方式,了解了关山草原地区的草地资源基本概括和草地类型、分布等特征;并在此基础上对关山地区草原形成的机制、草场退化机制及影响因素等进行分析;根据草原退化程度,对草原进行分区(限制性经营保护区、半开放轮牧区和开放型轮牧区);结合关山草原的生态条件计算出草原的理论载畜量,并与其现实载畜量进行了比较;提出退化草原生态修复工程和草原可持续发展措施,为关山草原退化生态系统修复、草原的可持续利用提供理论依据。根据研究结果和总结以往草原恢复措施的经验教训,提出了关山草原可持续利用的政策建议。只有实现人口增长、经济发展与草原环境相适应,合理利用草原,保持关山草原生态系统良性健康的发展,才能保证其作为当地赖以生存的重要的畜牧业基地,促进关山草原地区社会、经济、环境的协调发展。
[Abstract]:Grassland is an important ecological and economic resource. If we can make full and reasonable use of it, human beings will get very considerable economic and ecological benefits. The grassland resources in Guanshan are very rich, but for a long time, Due to the combination of natural and human factors, grassland degradation is serious and ecological environment continues to deteriorate, which seriously affects the development of grassland animal husbandry and the income level of farmers and herdsmen. It is of great significance to scientifically evaluate the influence of different factors on grassland degradation and put forward reasonable strategies to curb grassland degradation, which is of great significance to promote the sustainable utilization of grassland resources. The basic summarization of grassland resources, grassland types and distribution characteristics in Guanshan grassland area are understood. Based on this, the mechanism of grassland formation, grassland degradation mechanism and influencing factors in Guanshan grassland area are analyzed. The grassland is divided into three areas (restricted management reserve, semi-open rotational grazing area and open rotational grazing area), and the theoretical stocking capacity of the grassland is calculated according to the ecological conditions of Guanshan grassland, and compared with the actual stock carrying capacity. In order to provide theoretical basis for restoration of degraded grassland ecosystem and sustainable utilization of grassland in Guanshan grassland, ecological restoration engineering and sustainable development measures of degraded grassland are put forward, and the experiences and lessons of previous grassland restoration measures are summarized according to the results of the research. The sustainable utilization of Guanshan grassland is proposed. Only by realizing population growth, adapting economic development to grassland environment, making rational use of grassland, maintaining healthy and healthy development of Guanshan grassland ecosystem, In order to ensure its survival as an important animal husbandry base, promote the coordinated development of society, economy and environment in Guanshan grassland area.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S812.6

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