关中黑猪与花关二元杂父猪肥育性能和肉质性状的比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 15:47

本文选题：花关二元杂交猪　切入点：关中黑猪　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：关中黑猪作为陕西关中地区优良的培育品种,具有抗病力强、耐粗饲和肉品质好等优良特性。但培育成功之后,一直没有得到较好的保护和利用,从而导致这一优秀培育品种的种质性状逐渐退化。相比于关中黑猪,二花脸猪优秀的繁殖性能一直受到育种工作者的青睐,具有种群数量大、种质特性好等优点,并且得到了很好的保护。为了利用关中黑猪和二花脸猪的优良遗传基础来培育出更加优良的品种(系),本试验以关中黑猪作为母本、二花脸猪作为父本的二元杂交猪作为研究对象,测定其肥育性能与肉质性状并与关中黑猪比较分析。结果表明:1、生长发育性能:花关二元杂交猪四月龄体重、体长、体高、胸围和管围较关中黑猪同期分别增长了22.74%、6.27%、1.67%、5.20%、7.09%;花关二元杂交猪六月龄体重、体长、体高、胸围和管围较关中黑猪同期分别高6.12%、3.28%、9.30%、7.74%、10.53%。2、育肥性能:花关二元杂交猪育肥效果较为显著,日增重比关中黑猪提高15.45%;料重比比关中黑猪低16.57%。3、胴体品质:花关二元杂交猪屠宰率、背膘厚、脂肪率和板油比例均显著低于关中黑猪(P0.05)。4、肉质性能:花关二元杂交猪的滴水损失、失水率、总不饱和脂肪酸、必需氨基酸含量和鲜味氨基酸均显著高于关中黑猪(P0.05);花关二元杂交猪熟肉率、剪切力、大理石纹、饱和脂肪酸含量均显著低于关中黑猪(P0.05)。综上所述,花关二元杂交猪的生长和肥育性能明显优于关中黑猪,而肉质性能较关中黑猪差。
[Abstract]:Guanzhong Black Pig, as an excellent breed in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province, has excellent characteristics such as strong disease resistance, good forage tolerance and good meat quality, but it has not been well protected and utilized since it was successfully cultivated. Compared with Guanzhong black pig, Erhualian pig's excellent reproductive performance has been favored by breeders, with the advantages of large population and good germplasm characteristics. In order to use the excellent genetic basis of Guanzhong Black Pig and Erhualian Pig to develop better breeds, this experiment uses Guanzhong Black Pig as the female parent. The fattening performance and meat quality of Erhualian pig as male parent were measured and compared with that of Guanzhong black pig. The results showed that the growth and development performance of Erhualian crossbred pig was four months old, body length and body height. The body weight, body length and body height of Huaguan binary crossbred pigs were 6.12 ~ 3.285.309.307.7410.535.53.2. the fattening performance of Huaguan crossbred pigs was more significant than that of Guanzhong black pigs in the same period, and the weight, body length and body height of Huaguan binary crossbred pigs were higher than that of Guanzhong black pigs respectively in the same period, and the fattening performance of Huaguan binary crossbred pigs was more significant than that of Guanzhong Black Pigs, and the weight, body length and body height of Huaguan binary crossbred pigs were higher than that of Guanzhong Black Pig respectively in the same period. Daily gain was 15.45% higher than that of Guanzhong Black Pig, feed weight was 16.57% lower than Guanzhong Black Pig, carcass quality: slaughter rate, backfat thickness, fat rate and fat ratio of Huaguan binary crossbred were significantly lower than those of Guanzhong Black Pig P0.050.4.Meat quality performance: drip loss of Huaguan binary crossbred pigs. Water loss rate, total unsaturated fatty acid, essential amino acid content and taste amino acid content were significantly higher than those of Guanzhong Black Pig (P0.05), and the content of cooked meat, shear force, marbling and saturated fatty acid in Huaguan binary crossbred pigs were significantly lower than those in Guanzhong Black Pig P0.050.In conclusion, The growth and fattening performance of Huaguan binary crossbred pig was obviously better than that of Guanzhong black pig, but the meat quality performance was worse than that of Guanzhong black pig.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.89

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