新疆巴音布鲁克高寒草原植被多样性退化演替分析

发布时间：2018-03-22 20:18

本文选题：高寒草原　切入点：退化演替　出处：《新疆农业科学》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：【目的】以新疆巴音布鲁克高寒草原为对象,研究植被多样性的退化演替规律,为高寒草原的科学管理提供理论依据。【方法】采用空间退化梯度代替时间退化演替序列的方法,对巴音布鲁克不同退化阶段高寒草原植物群落进行野外调查,运用α多样性、β多样性等指标研究植被多样性变化并探讨其演替规律。【结果】(1)Simpson优势度指数在草地退化后显著上升了9.6%~13.7%,Margalef丰富度指数随着退化演替的加剧基本呈先略微增加后显著下降的变化趋势,而Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与Pielou均匀度指数均呈先增后降再增的波动变化;(2)随退化程度的加剧,样方内微生境或资源异质性减小,样方间异质性增大,从而导致β多样性增加;Cody指数(二元属性数据)先升高后减小,沿着退化梯度,物种替代速率加快后逐渐减慢;轻度退化与中度退化、重度退化间Bray-Curtis指数较大,说明退化梯度之间存在较多的共有种。【结论】高寒草原在退化演替过程中群落物种组成发生替代变化,适口性好的物种减少,毒害草增加,导致草地质量下降。
[Abstract]:[objective] taking Bayinbrook alpine steppe in Xinjiang as an object, the degradation succession law of vegetation diversity was studied to provide theoretical basis for the scientific management of alpine steppe. [methods] the spatial degradation gradient was used to replace the time degradation succession sequence. The plant communities of alpine steppe in different degraded stages of Bayinbrook were investigated in the field. Using 伪 diversity, 尾 diversity and other indexes to study the variation of vegetation diversity and its succession law. [results] the dominance index of Simpson rose significantly after grassland degradation, and the abundance index of Margalef increased significantly with the deterioration of grassland. The tendency to decrease significantly after a slight increase, However, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index increased first, then decreased and then increased. With the increase of degradation degree, the microhabitat or resource heterogeneity decreased, and the heterogeneity between samples increased. As a result, the 尾 -diversity increased and then decreased and then increased, and then decreased, along the degradation gradient, the rate of species substitution slowed down gradually, and the Bray-Curtis index between mild and moderate degradation was higher than that of severe degradation. [conclusion] the species composition of alpine steppe community changed in the process of degradation, the species with good palatability decreased, the poisonous grass increased, and the quality of grassland decreased.
【作者单位】：新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院;和静县草原工作站;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“巴音布鲁克高寒湿地CO2和CH4排放对水分变化的响应”(41305136)~~
【分类号】：S812

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