蛋白质和过瘤胃脂肪对晋南牛瘤胃发酵和尿嘌呤衍生物的影响

发布时间：2018-03-25 01:04

  本文选题：牛　切入点：过瘤胃脂肪　出处：《核农学报》2017年07期

【摘要】：为探究蛋白质和富含不饱和脂肪酸的过瘤胃脂肪对瘤胃发酵和尿嘌呤衍生物的影响,选用4头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的晋南阉牛,按照蛋白质需要量的85%、100%和115%设计3个水平,并在此基础上添加0、2.5%、5.0%和7.5%的亚麻油制作的钙皂作为过瘤胃脂肪,采用3×4两因素设计,共形成12组饲粮组合,测定瘤胃pH、氨态氮浓度(NH_3-N)浓度、挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)含量以及尿嘌呤衍生物(PD)的排出量。结果表明,蛋白质和过瘤胃脂肪水平对瘤胃pH均无显著影响。蛋白质水平对NH_3-N浓度影响显著,9组NH_3-N显著高于1、2、3、4和8组,10组显著高于3和8组;对丙酸和乙酸、丁酸、乙酸/丙酸及总酸分别具有极显著和显著影响,5组的乙酸浓度较1、2、3和4组显著提高,9、10和11组瘤胃液中的丙酸浓度较1和2组显著提高,12组较2组显著提高,10组的丁酸浓度显著高于7和8组,1和2组的乙酸/丙酸比值显著高于9、10和11组;对精补料养分有效降解率影响极显著,对秸秆有机物(OM)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)分别具有极显著和显著影响,10组精补料粗蛋白质(CP)瘤胃有效降解率显著高于2、3、4、5、6、7和8组,1、9、11和12组显著高于4、5、6、7和8组;对玉米秸秆中ADF瘤胃有效降解率6、7和8组显著高于除5和12组之外的其余各组,5和12组显著高于除9和11组之外的其余各组;对尿囊素和尿嘌呤衍生物有显著影响,12组的尿囊素和尿嘌呤衍生物显著高于1和4组,11组尿酸显著高于其余组。综上,饲粮蛋白质水平对瘤胃发酵和尿嘌呤衍生物具有显著影响,饲粮蛋白质水平为饲养标准需要量前提下,过瘤胃脂肪适宜添加量为饲粮的5%。本研究结果为肉牛养殖中日粮过瘤胃脂肪添加量及蛋白质水平提供了一定的依据。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the effects of protein and unsaturated fatty acid rich in rumen fat on rumen fermentation and urine purine derivatives, four Jinnan castrated cattle with permanent rumen fistula were selected and designed at three levels according to the protein requirement of 85% and 115%. On the basis of this, calcium soap made from 0.5% and 7.5% linseed oil was added as rumen fat, and 12 dietary combinations were formed by using 3 脳 4 factor design. The rumen pH and NH3-N concentration of rumen were determined. The VFAs of volatile fatty acids and the excretion of urine purine derivative PD. the results showed that, Protein level and rumen fat level had no significant effect on rumen pH. The effect of protein level on NH_3-N concentration was significant. The NH_3-N of group 9 was significantly higher than that of group 1 and group 8, and that of group 10 was significantly higher than that of group 3 and 8, and that of group 10 was significantly higher than that of group 3 and 8, while that of propionic acid and acetic acid, butyric acid, butyric acid. Acetic acid / propionic acid and total acid had significant effects on the concentration of acetic acid in the rumen fluid of group 1, group 2, group 3 and group 4, respectively. The concentration of propionic acid in rumen fluid of group 1 and group 2 was significantly higher than that of group 1 and group 2. The concentration of propionic acid in group 1 and group 2 was significantly higher than that in group 1 and group 2. The ratio of acetic acid / propionic acid in butyric acid group was significantly higher than that in 7 and 8 groups. It has a significant effect on the effective degradation rate of nutrient. The rumen effective degradation rate of the 10 groups was significantly higher than that of the two groups (2 and 3, 4, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, and 8), and that of the groups 1 and 12, respectively, was significantly higher than that of the groups 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, respectively, and had a significant effect on the degradation of organic matter in the straw and ADF, which were significantly higher in the 10 groups than those in the control group. The rumen effective degradation rate of ADF in maize straw was significantly higher in groups 6, 7 and 8 than in other groups except 5 and 12 groups, which were significantly higher than those in other groups except 9 and 11 groups. Allantoin and urine purine derivatives in 12 groups were significantly higher than those in group 1 and group 4, and the levels of uric acid in group 1 and group 4 were significantly higher than those in the other groups. Dietary protein levels had significant effects on rumen fermentation and urine purine derivatives. The results of this study provided a basis for rumen fat supplementation and protein level in beef cattle.
【作者单位】： 山西农业大学动物科技学院;
【基金】：山西省科技攻关项目(20140311022-2) 山西现代农业牛产业技术体系(17-05)
【分类号】：S823

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