奶牛子宫内膜炎致病菌分析与植物精油对主要致病菌的抑制效果研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 10:33

本文选题：奶牛　切入点：子宫内膜炎　出处：《中国农业科学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：细菌感染是诱发奶牛子宫内膜炎主要因素,由于抗生素的广泛使用使得耐药菌株的不断产生,严重影响畜牧业的发展。通过筛选出具有多重耐药性和致病性的临床型奶牛子宫内膜炎致病菌株,进而筛选出对临床致病菌株具有较好抑菌效果的植物精油。为进一步防治奶牛子宫内膜炎和新兽药的开发提供技术基础。本研究从4省7个奶牛场采集了67份临床型子宫内膜炎患病奶牛的子宫粘液,并完成细菌分析、致病性和耐药性试验、以及植物精油对主要致病菌的体外抑菌试验研究。结果如下:1.临床型子宫内膜炎患病奶牛子宫黏液中细菌的分析通过对奶牛子宫内膜炎样品进行细菌分离与鉴定,获得共计19种类型104株细菌。其中,混合感染为38.33%,单一感染为61.67%。大肠杆菌、化脓隐秘杆菌、短小芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌是患病奶牛子宫黏液中的主要分离菌株。2.患病奶牛子宫黏液中主要分离菌的致病性与耐药性研究分离菌对昆明系小白鼠有致病性表明,大肠杆菌和化脓隐秘杆菌是临床型奶牛子宫内膜炎的主要致病菌。大肠杆菌和化脓隐秘杆菌对多种抗生素的体外药敏试验表明,50%以上的大肠杆菌对氨苄西林等4种药物具有耐药性;50%以上的化脓隐秘杆菌对培氟沙星等5种药物具有耐药性。3.植物精油对耐药菌株的体外抑菌效果的研究以耐药大肠杆菌和化脓隐秘杆菌作为供试菌株,利用滤纸片法测定了13种天然植物精油的抑菌活性并比较评价,初选出多各种具有良好抑菌效果的植物精油。采用倍比稀释法,测定初步筛选出的精油对其相应菌种的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。试验结果表明,百里香油和薰衣草油可作为防治奶牛子宫内膜炎药物的有效成分。4.患病奶牛子宫粘液中鲍曼不动杆菌的研究本研究首次从患有临床型子宫内膜炎奶牛的子宫粘液样品中分离到1株鲍曼不动杆菌,且具有较强的多重耐药性和较高的致死率。
[Abstract]:Bacterial infection is the main factor that induces endometritis in dairy cows. Because of the widespread use of antibiotics, drug-resistant strains are constantly produced. The development of animal husbandry is seriously affected. By screening clinical endometritis pathogenic strains with multidrug resistance and pathogenicity, Furthermore, the essential oil of plant with good bacteriostasis effect on clinical pathogenic bacteria strains was screened out, which provides a technical basis for further prevention and control of dairy cow endometritis and the development of new veterinary drugs. In this study, 67 samples were collected from 7 dairy farms in 4 provinces. Mucus in the uterus of cows with bed endometritis, And completed bacterial analysis, pathogenicity and drug resistance tests, The results are as follows: 1. The analysis of bacteria in myxoid of clinical endometritis cows by isolation and identification of bacteria from the samples of dairy cow endometritis. A total of 104 strains of 19 types of bacteria were obtained. Among them, the mixed infection rate was 38.33 and the single infection was 61.67. Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium pyogenes, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus licheniformis is the main strain isolated from uterine mucus of sick cow. 2. The pathogenicity and drug resistance of the main isolated bacteria in myxoid of sick cow; Escherichia coli and Bacillus pyogenes are the main pathogens of clinical endometritis. In vitro susceptibility tests of Escherichia coli and C. purpura to various antibiotics show that more than 50% of Escherichia coli is resistant to ampicillin and so on 4. More than 50% of the drugs were resistant to pefloxacin and other 5 drugs. 3. The in vitro antibacterial effect of essential oil on drug-resistant strains was studied by using drug-resistant Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas purpura as the tested strains. The bacteriostatic activity of 13 kinds of natural plant essential oils was determined by filter paper method and compared and evaluated. Many kinds of plant essential oils with good bacteriostasis effect were selected. The double ratio dilution method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of 13 kinds of natural plant essential oils. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the selected essential oil to the corresponding strain were determined. Thyme oil and lavender oil can be used as effective ingredients for the prevention and treatment of endometritis in dairy cows. The study of Acinetobacter baumannii in the uterine mucus of sick Dairy cows was carried out for the first time in this study. A strain of Acinetobacter baumannii was isolated from the sample. And has strong multidrug resistance and high mortality.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.23

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