禽网状内皮组织增殖病病毒及鸡传染性法氏囊病活疫苗对禽流感疫苗免疫效果的影响

发布时间：2018-03-28 19:05

本文选题：禽网状内皮组织增殖病病毒　切入点：鸡传染性法氏囊病活疫苗　出处：《中国农业科学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：H5亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)引起的高致病性禽流感(HPAI)给养禽业带来重大经济损失,也威胁着人类的公共卫生安全。中国采用免疫加扑杀相结合的综合措施防控禽流感(AI),疫苗免疫在防控AI方面取得了显著成效。然而,当前HPAI还时有发生,在疫苗免疫方面主要存在着个别鸡群疫苗免疫保护效果与实验室结果相差较大的问题。影响免疫效果的因素很多,本研究主要探讨免疫抑制性病毒中禽网状内皮组织增殖病病毒(REV)和鸡传染性法氏囊病(IBD)活疫苗株对机体的免疫抑制作用,为分析AI疫苗免疫效果不理想的原因及IBD疫苗的选用提供参考依据。为研究REV对AI疫苗免疫效果的影响,本研究在免疫重组禽流感病毒灭活疫苗(简称AI灭活苗)或禽流感-新城疫重组二联活疫苗(简称新禽活苗)之前以REV经典分离株感染1日龄SPF鸡,与未感染REV的免疫对照鸡一起,分别进行血清抗体监测、外周血及脾脏淋巴细胞增殖指数(SI)测定、外周血及脾脏淋巴细胞CD4+/CD8+值测定、细胞因子水平检测、攻毒后发病和死亡情况及排毒测定。结果显示,REV显著抑制免疫初期HI抗体、T淋巴细胞增殖能力和CD4+/CD8+值;平均HI抗体峰值相差4倍以上,同一免疫时间HI抗体最高相差达64倍;鸡只感染REV后,AI灭活苗仅提供70%的保护率,一次免疫和两次免疫新禽活苗提供的保护率分别为60%和80%,而未感染REV的相应免疫鸡获得100%保护。为评价IBD活疫苗对AI疫苗免疫效果的影响,本研究选取弱毒力(Gt株)和中等毒力(MB株)IBD活疫苗,分别与AI灭活苗或新禽活苗一起免疫SPF鸡,与仅免疫相应AI疫苗的鸡一起,进行与REV对AI疫苗免疫效果研究同样指标的检测。结果显示,IBD活疫苗(Gt株)加AI灭活苗、IBD活疫苗(MB株)加AI灭活苗与AI灭活苗免疫3组免疫鸡免疫21天时平均HI抗体分别为5.9 log2、2.1 log2和7.7 log2,攻强毒后存活数分别为10/10、8/10和10/10,排毒数别为1/10、7/10和0/10。接种IBD活疫苗(Gt株)加新禽活苗、IBD活疫苗(MB株)加新禽活苗与新禽活苗免疫21天HI抗体分别为2.2 log2、1.6 log2和2.5 log2,攻强毒后存活数分别为10/10、7/10和10/10,排毒数分别为1/10、3/10和0/10。这两种IBD活疫苗对细胞免疫反应均无显著影响。本研究表明,REV、IBD活疫苗(MB株)均对AI疫苗免疫效果产生显著影响,而IBD活疫苗(Gt株)对AI疫苗攻毒保护免疫效果无明显影响。
[Abstract]:H5 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV), a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI), caused significant economic losses to the poultry industry. It is also a threat to human public health and safety. China uses a comprehensive measure of immunization plus culling to prevent and control bird flu. Vaccine immunization has achieved remarkable results in the prevention and control of AI. However, at present, HPAI still occurs from time to time. In the aspect of vaccine immunization, there is a big difference between the immune protection effect of individual chicken group vaccine and the result of laboratory. There are many factors that affect the immune effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunosuppressive effects of live vaccines against avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (Rev) and chicken infectious bursal disease (IBD) vaccine. In order to analyze the reason why the immune effect of AI vaccine is not ideal and the selection of IBD vaccine, and to study the effect of REV on the immune effect of AI vaccine, In this study, 1 day old SPF chickens were infected with REV classical isolates before the recombinant inactivated avian influenza virus vaccine (AI inactivated vaccine for short) or the recombinant live vaccine of avian influenza and Newcastle disease (new live vaccine). Serum antibodies, proliferation index (SI) of peripheral blood and spleen lymphocytes, CD4 / CD8 value of peripheral blood and spleen lymphocytes, and cytokine levels were measured in both peripheral blood and spleen lymphocytes. The results showed that Rev significantly inhibited the proliferation of T lymphocytes and the CD4 / CD8 value of HI antibody in the early stage of immunization, the difference of the peak value of HI antibody was more than 4 times, and the highest difference of HI antibody in the same immune time was 64 times. The inactivated AI vaccine of chickens infected with REV only provided 70% protection rate. In order to evaluate the effect of live IBD vaccine on AI vaccine, 60% and 80% protection rates were provided by single immunization and twice immunization respectively, while the corresponding chickens without REV were protected by 100%. In this study, SPF chickens were immunized with inactivated AI vaccine or new live bird vaccine, respectively, and chickens immunized with AI vaccine only. The results showed that inactivated AI vaccine plus live AI vaccine (MB strain) plus AI inactivated vaccine plus AI inactivated vaccine and AI inactivated vaccine were immunized with AI inactivated vaccine and AI inactivated vaccine. The results showed that chickens were immunized with AI inactivated vaccine and AI inactivated vaccine on average HI at 21 days after immunization. The antibody numbers were 5.9log2an2.1 log2 and 7.7log2, respectively. The survival numbers after intensive attack were 10 / 10 / 8 / 10 and 10 / 10, respectively, and the number of detoxification were 1 / 10 / 7 / 10 and 0 / 10 respectively. Inoculation of IBD live vaccine with IBD live vaccine (MB) plus new live bird vaccine and new live bird vaccine immunized with HI antibody for 21 days. The number of survival after intensive attack was 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 and 10 / 10 respectively, and the number of detoxification was 1 / 10 / 10 / 10 and 0 / 10 respectively. Neither of the two live IBD vaccines had significant effect on cellular immune response. The epidemic effect has a significant effect, The protective effect of AI vaccine against virus was not significantly affected by IBD live vaccine (Gt strain).
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.31

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