猪嵴病毒病原特性及检测技术研究进展

发布时间：2018-04-02 18:37

本文选题：猪嵴病毒(PKV)　切入点：流行病学　出处：《中国畜牧兽医》2017年12期

【摘要】：猪嵴病毒(porcine kobuvirus,PKV)是近年来在健康猪和腹泻猪粪便中新检测到的小核糖核酸病毒科嵴病毒属成员,可能引起猪的腹泻,对养猪业造成重大经济损失。研究发现,PKV广泛分布在猪中,在腹泻和临床健康猪中均已被检测到,阳性率从3.9%~100.0%各不相同。一个典型的PKV病毒粒子直径为30nm,基因组全长为8 120bp,包括1个含2 488个氨基酸的开放性阅读框(ORF);PKV是典型的小RNA病毒科的基因组结构:1个5′非编码区,1个L蛋白,结构蛋白P1(VP0、VP3和VP1),非结构蛋白P2(2A、2B和2C)和P3(3A、3B、3C和3D),1个3′非编码区和1个Poly(A)尾巴。PKV的2B编码区存在30个氨基酸的缺失,VP1蛋白是小RNA病毒科变异最频繁的结构蛋白,其含有主要的抗原表位,可促进机体产生中和抗体。检测PKV的方法有反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)、TaqMan探针实时荧光定量RT-PCR和逆转录环介导扩增(RT-LAMP)方法。作者对PKV的分类学、流行概况、基因组结构、遗传特性及检测技术等研究现状做一简要概述,以期为进一步研究及了解PKV提供参考。
[Abstract]:Porcine kobuvirusPKV (porcine kobuvirus) is a member of small ribonucleic acid virus family which has been newly detected in feces of healthy pigs and diarrhea pigs in recent years. It may cause diarrhea in pigs and cause great economic losses to pig industry.It was found that PKV was widely distributed in pigs and had been detected in both diarrhea and clinical healthy pigs. The positive rate varied from 3.9% to 100.0%.A typical PKV virus with a particle diameter of 30 nm and a genome length of 8 120 BP, including an open reading frame containing 2 488 amino acids, is a typical genomic structure of the small RNA viridae: a 5'noncoding region and a L protein.There are 30 amino acids missing VP1 protein in the 2B coding region of the structural protein P1VP0VP3 and VP1C, the nonstructural proteins P22A2An2B and 2C) and the P3O3An3B3Bn3C and 3DX, one 3'noncoding region and one polymorphic A) tail. The VP1 protein is the most frequently mutated structural protein in the small RNA family.It contains major antigenic epitopes and promotes the production of neutralizing antibodies.The methods of detecting PKV were reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) and reverse transcription loop mediated amplification (RT-LAMPP).In this paper, the taxonomy, prevalence, genomic structure, genetic characteristics and detection techniques of PKV are briefly reviewed, which is expected to provide a reference for further study and understanding of PKV.
【作者单位】：扬州大学兽医学院江苏省动物预防医学重点实验室江苏省动物重要疫病与人兽共患病防控协同创新中心;
【基金】：江苏省“青蓝工程” 江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD) 江苏省农业三新工程(SXGC[2015]077) 常州市科技支撑项目(CE20152006)
【分类号】：S852.651

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