牛床再生垫料生产技术模式和产业需求分析

发布时间：2018-04-04 19:38

本文选题：奶牛场粪污　切入点：资源化利用　出处：《中国畜牧杂志》2017年03期

【摘要】：牛床垫料是奶牛散栏饲养模式中不可或缺的生产资料,常见的垫料材料有沙子、秸秆、木屑等。近年来将固体牛粪加工成牛床再生垫料受到普遍关注并在生产中得到了较好的应用。该垫料是通过特定的处理设备,将奶牛的新鲜粪尿经固液分离、厌氧或好氧发酵加温杀菌后,形成的一种可用于铺垫卧床的牛粪固体产品。本文重点围绕牛粪资源垫料化利用的固液分离直接利用、厌氧发酵、好氧发酵等3种生产模式,比较了不同工艺处理后成品的物料特性,含水率、病原菌和寄生虫卵等参数指标,及其对奶牛舒适性、健康及饲养成本的影响,分析了牛床再生垫料生产过程的水分控制、杀菌消毒等关键技术环节,阐述了固体牛粪作为垫料需要解决的技术瓶颈及产业技术需求,并对未来的推广应用前景进行了展望。
[Abstract]:Cow mattress is an indispensable means of production in dairy cattle herbicide feeding mode. The common bedding materials are sand, straw, sawdust and so on.In recent years, the processing of solid cow dung into cow bed recycled bedding has received widespread attention and has been well applied in production.The pad is a kind of cow dung solid product which can be used for bedding bed after the fresh dung and urine of dairy cow are separated by solid and liquid after anaerobic or aerobic fermentation and sterilized by special treatment equipment.This paper focuses on three production modes of direct solid-liquid separation, anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation, and compares the material characteristics and moisture content of the finished products after different processes, such as direct utilization of solid and liquid, anaerobic fermentation and aerobic fermentation.The parameters such as pathogenic bacteria and parasite eggs, and their effects on the comfort, health and feeding cost of dairy cows were analyzed. The key technical links such as water control, sterilization and disinfection in the production process of regenerated bedding for cattle bed were analyzed.The technical bottleneck and industrial technical demand of solid cow dung as a cushion material are expounded, and the prospect of popularization and application in the future is prospected.
【作者单位】：中国农业大学农业部设施农业工程重点实验室;北京市畜禽健康养殖环境工程技术研究中心;重庆市畜牧科学院;奥地利BAUER(保尔)集团;
【基金】：现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系(CARS-37) 公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303091)
【分类号】：S823

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