短链酮酸对AA肉鸡生长性能和血液指标的影响

发布时间：2018-04-14 06:28

  本文选题：短链酮酸 + 生长性能　； 参考：《东北农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：短链酮酸是一种调节机体物质代谢的中间产物,作为一种新型饲料添加剂,具有安全无残留的特点,引起国内外畜牧工作者的广泛兴趣。短链酮酸具有一定的促生长作用,但因动物品种及所处生长阶段的不同,其添加水平不尽相同。在本实验室前期研究的基础上,试验选取AA肉鸡为试验动物,观察不同水平短链酮酸对AA肉鸡生长性能和血液指标的影响,确定其在AA肉鸡日粮中的适宜添加水平,为短链酮酸在实际生产上的应用提供理论依据和应用参数。试验选取健康、初始体重无显著差异的的1日龄AA肉公鸡192只,随机分为4个处理,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组,每个处理4个重复,每个重复12只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在基础日粮中分别添加0.375%、0.500%和0.625%短链酮酸产品。试验期为42天。试验期间每隔2周对试验鸡进行一次空腹称重,并且以重复为单位对余料进行回称,计算平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比。在试验第29天,从每个重复中选取1只接近平均体重的试验鸡,空腹称重后进行颈静脉采血,分离出血清进行血液指标的测定,屠宰后取脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊等器官进行称重。结果表明:1.不同水平短链酮酸对AA肉鸡生长性能的影响:各试验组肉鸡在14日龄、28日龄和42日龄时的体重均高于对照组,其中试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组肉鸡体重在28日龄时达到显著水平(P0.05)。在相同日龄,试验Ⅱ组肉鸡体重最大,分别比对照组提高2.46%(P0.05)、3.32%(P0.05)和6.72%(P0.05),后期增重效果更加明显。在试验的1-14日龄阶段,各试验组肉鸡平均日增重均高于对照组,其中试验Ⅱ组达到显著水平(P0.05),平均日采食量提高,但差异不显著(P0.05)。在试验的1-28日龄阶段,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组肉鸡的平均日增重显著高于对照组(P0.05),试验Ⅲ组肉鸡的平均日增重与对照组间差异不显著(P0.05),各组间肉鸡平均日采食量无显著差异(P0.05)。在试验的1-42日龄阶段,与对照组相比,各试验组肉鸡的平均日采食量增加(P0.05),试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肉鸡的平均日增重分别比对照组提高1.85%(P0.05)、6.84%(P0.05)和4.74%(P0.05)。在试验的1-14日龄阶段、14-28日龄阶段和28-42日龄阶段,试验Ⅱ组肉鸡平均日增重分别比对照组提高2.86%(P0.05)、3.74%(P0.05)和10.58%(P0.05),随着日龄的增加,肉鸡平均日增重提高的幅度越大,且均高于试验Ⅰ、Ⅲ组,。在试验的各个阶段,不同水平短链酮酸对肉鸡料重比无显著影响(P0.05)。2.不同水平短链酮酸对AA肉鸡血清生化指标的影响:各试验组肉鸡血清中总蛋白和球蛋白含量均高于对照组(P0.05)。试验Ⅲ组肉鸡血清中白球比显著低于对照组(P0.05),其他各组间差异不显著(P0.05)。与对照组相比,各试验组肉鸡血清中高密度脂蛋白含量升高,甘油三酯含量降低,并且均以试验Ⅱ组的变化幅度最大(P0.05)。各组肉鸡血清白蛋白含量、总胆固醇含量和低密度脂蛋白含量差异不显著(P0.05)。3.不同水平短链酮酸对AA肉鸡免疫指标的影响:短链酮酸对肉鸡免疫器官指数无显著影响(P0.05)。与对照组相比,各试验组肉鸡血清中免疫球蛋白、补体含量升高(P0.05),其中试验Ⅲ组肉鸡血清中补体C3含量显著高于对照组(P0.05),试验Ⅱ组肉鸡血清中免疫球蛋白Ig A、Ig M和补体C4含量高于试验Ⅰ和Ⅲ组(P0.05)。4.不同水平短链酮酸对AA肉鸡抗氧化指标的影响:短链酮酸均可提高肉鸡血清和肝脏中总抗氧化能力,降低丙二醛含量,其中试验Ⅲ组肉鸡肝脏总抗氧化能力显著高于对照组(P0.05)。试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肉鸡血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性分别比对照组高13.95%(P0.05)、30.04%(P0.05)和31.56%(P0.05)。随着短链酮酸添加水平的增加,各试验组肉鸡肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性增强(P0.05)。综合以上各项指标得出:日粮中添加短链酮酸可促进肉鸡采食,改善免疫功能,增强机体抗氧化性能,提高肉鸡增重和饲料转化率。本试验条件下肉鸡日粮中短链酮酸产品的适宜添加量为0.500%。
[Abstract]:Short chain keto acid is an intermediate product of the regulation of metabolism, as a new type of feed additives, has the advantage of no residue, which caused widespread interest in the domestic and foreign animal husbandry workers. Short chain acid has certain growth promoting action, but because the animal species and the growth stage is different, its level is not added the same. Based on the previous study of our laboratory, the experiment selects the AA broilers as experimental animal, to observe the effects of different levels of short chain acid on growth performance and blood index of AA broiler, determine the AA in broiler diets and the optimum level, and provide a theoretical basis and application parameters for the application in the actual production of short chain acid the test. Selected health, there was no significant difference between the initial weight of 1 day old AA meat 192 cocks were randomly divided into 4 treatments, which were control group, group I, group II test, test group, each with 4 Repeat, 12 hens in each replicate. The control group was fed basal diet, test group I, II, III added 0.375% respectively in the basic diet, the 0.500% and 0.625% short chain acid products. The experiment lasted for 42 days. During the test every 2 weeks to test a chicken were weighed and to repeat units the remainder were called back, to calculate average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio. In twenty-ninth days, a total of 1 close to the average weight of chickens from each replicate, after weighing fasting blood was collected via jugular vein, isolated serum were measured blood index, slaughtered after spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius were weighed. The results show that the effect of 1. different levels of short chain acid on growth performance of broilers in each experimental group: AA broilers at the age of 14 days, 28 days and 42 days when the weight is higher than the control group, the experimental group I, II broiler body weight at the age of 28 days to reach show 钁楁按骞，

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