八角和杜仲叶提取物对断奶仔猪免疫和抗氧化性能的研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 17:17

本文选题：八角提取物 + 杜仲提取物　；参考：《山东农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加八角和杜仲叶提取物对断奶仔猪生产性能、免疫性能和抗氧化能力的影响,通过饲养对比试验,对生产性能、血液生理生化指标、抗氧化能力、肠道健康和相关分子指标等进行分析,为八角和杜仲提取物在养猪生产和抗生素替代中的应用提供理论基础。本试验采用2×4析因试验设计,选择健康的里岔黑和“杜×长×大”断奶仔猪各48头,随机分为4个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复里岔黑和“杜×长×大”断奶仔猪各4头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,处理1~3在基础饲粮的基础上分别添加八角提取物(500 mg/kg)、杜仲叶提取物(250 mg/kg)和金霉素(50 mg/kg)。试验预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果表明,与对照相比,八角提取物显著提高断奶仔猪的日增重(ADG)、血清总蛋白(TP)、白细胞总数(WBC)、血清和肌肉超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、血清和肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性以及核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)在肝脏和空肠的mRNA表达量(P0.05),而血清尿素氮(SUN)、盲肠大肠杆菌数、肌肉丙二醛(MDA)浓度及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)在肝脏和空肠的表达量显著降低(P0.05);杜仲提取物显著提高断奶仔猪ADG、血小板数(PLT)、淋巴细胞比率(LYN)、血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、淋巴细胞增值率(LPR)和血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、盲肠乳酸杆菌数、血清SOD和肝脏GSH-Px以及Nrf2的mRNA表达量(P0.05),而料重比(F/G)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、SUN、肝脏MDA浓度及TNF-α在肝脏和空肠的表达量显著降低(P0.05)。与抗生素处理相比,八角提取物显著提高WBC、血清SOD和GSH-Px、肌肉SOD及肝脏和空肠Nrf2的mRNA表达量(P0.05),而PLT、肌肉MDA及肝脏TNF-α的mRNA表达量显著降低(P0.05);杜仲提取物显著提高HDL、LYN、血清IgG、盲肠乳酸杆菌数、血清SOD、空肠Nrf2的mRNA表达量(P0.05),而盲肠大肠杆菌数、肝脏和肌肉MDA及TNF-α在肝脏和小肠的表达量显著降低(P0.05)。三元杂交猪(“杜×长×大”)与里岔黑猪对比结果显示,三元猪ADG、CP表观消化率和净蛋白利用率(NPU)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、ALT和HDL、血清和肌肉的GSH-Px活性显著高于里岔黑猪(P0.05),而F/G和血清SUN、WBC、血红蛋白(HGB)、PLT、IgG显著低于里岔黑猪(P0.05)。综上所述,本研究八角和杜仲提取物提高了仔猪的生产性能,改善了仔猪的抗氧化能力和机体的免疫力,能够作为金霉素的替代品。三元猪的生产性能显著优于里岔黑猪,但其抗氧化能力并没有明显优势,其内在机制需要进一步的分子生物学和细胞学手段证实。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of the extract of anise and Eucommia ulmoides leaves on the performance, immune performance and antioxidant ability of weaned piglets.The analysis of intestinal health and related molecular indexes provides a theoretical basis for the application of the extract of Acanthus and Eucommia ulmoides ulmoides in pig production and antibiotic substitution.A 2 脳 4 factorial design was used to select 48 healthy piglets from Licha Black and "du 脳 Chang 脳 Big" weaning piglets. The piglets were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 3 repeats in each treatment.Each repeated litcha black and "du 脳 long 脳 big" weaning piglets each 4.The control group was fed with basic diet, and treatment 1 / 3 was supplemented with anise extract (500 mg / kg), Eucommia ulmoides leaves extract (250 mg / kg) and chlortetracycline (50 mg / kg 路kg ~ (-1)) on the basis of basal diet, respectively.The pre-test period was 7 days and the experimental period was 42 days.The results showed that, compared with the control, the extract of anise significantly increased the activities of ADG, TPN, WBC, SOD in serum and muscle of weaned piglets.The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in serum and liver, and the expression of mRNA in liver and jejunum of nuclear factor E2 related factor 2nrf2, and the number of Escherichia coli in cecum.The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in muscle and the expression of TNF- 伪 in liver and jejunum decreased significantly, while the extract of Eucommia ulmoides increased significantly ADG, platelet count and PLT, lymphocyte ratio, serum high density lipoprotein (HDLN), lymphocyte in weaned piglets.The number of Lactobacillus cecum, the serum immunoglobulin (IgM), the immunoglobulin G (G) IgG, the number of lactobacillus cecum,The mRNA expression of serum SOD, liver GSH-Px and Nrf2 was P0.05, while the ratio of feed to weight (F / G), alanine aminotransferase (alt), liver MDA concentration and the expression of TNF- 伪 in liver and jejunum decreased significantly (P 0.05).Compared with antibiotic treatment,Anise extract significantly increased the expression of SOD and GSH-Px in serum, mRNA expression of SOD in muscle and Nrf2 in liver and jejunum, while mRNA expression of MDA and TNF- 伪 in muscle and liver decreased significantly, while the extract of Eucommia ulmoides increased the number of LYN, IgG and Lactobacillus caecum in serum, and decreased the expression of TNF- 伪 in muscle and liver.The expression of mRNA in serum sod and jejunum Nrf2 was significantly decreased, while the number of Escherichia coli in cecum, the expression of MDA in liver and muscle and TNF- 伪 in liver and small intestine were significantly decreased.The results of comparison between the three dimensional crossbred pigs ("du 脳 Chang 脳 Da") and Licha black pigs showed that,The apparent digestibility and net protein utilization ratio (NPU), alt and HDLs of serum and muscle were significantly higher than those of P0.05G, and the GSH-Px activity of serum and muscle was significantly lower than that of P0.05G and SUNG WBC.To sum up, the extract of anise and Eucommia ulmoides can improve the performance of piglets, improve the antioxidant ability and immunity of piglets, and can be used as a substitute for chlortetracycline.The production performance of Sanyuan pig is significantly better than that of Licha black pig, but its antioxidant ability has no obvious superiority, and its intrinsic mechanism needs further molecular biology and cytological means to prove.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S828.5

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