奶牛乳房炎对血液相关指标和乳汁性状的影响及致病菌的调查

发布时间：2018-04-15 22:12

本文选题：奶牛 + 乳房炎　；参考：《扬州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：乳房炎是奶牛产后常见疾病,同时也是造成奶牛行业经济损失最严重的疾病之一。奶牛在泌乳期易受到氧化应激的影响,导致奶牛乳房炎的患病风险增加,进而造成奶牛生产性能的降低,给养殖业造成巨大的损失。本试验选取30头患乳房炎的病牛为实验组,15头健康奶牛为对照组,通过分析奶牛乳房炎的发病情况和主要病原菌流行状况,血液理化指标以及血清中抗氧化酶水平,乳汁体细胞数和乳成分的改变,综合分析乳房炎对奶牛的影响,为奶牛乳房炎的诊断、治疗和预防提供参考资料。试验结果如下:1.患乳房炎奶牛的血液理化指标的检测乳房炎奶牛血液中白细胞总数较健康奶牛极显著升高(p0.01);乳房炎奶牛血液中嗜中性粒细胞数较健康奶牛显著升高(p0.05),乳房炎奶牛血液中淋巴细胞数和单核细胞数与健康奶牛相比,无显著性差异(p0.05);乳房炎奶牛血液中嗜中性粒细胞百分比较健康奶牛显著性升高(p0.05),乳房炎奶牛血液中淋巴细胞百分比和单核细胞百分比和健康奶牛无显著性差异(p0.05);乳房炎奶牛血清中AST、GLU和CHOL含量较健康奶牛极显著升高(p0.01);乳房炎奶牛血清中ALP和TBIL含量较健康奶牛显著性升高(p0.05);乳房炎奶牛血清中ALT、GGT、TG、DBIL、IDBIL、TP和GLO含量较健康奶牛无显著性差异(p0.05)。2.患乳房炎奶牛血清中抗氧化酶活性的检测乳房炎患牛血清中抗氧化酶活性均显著降低,其中乳房炎奶牛血清中SOD和CAT含量较健康奶牛显著性降低,差异显著(p0.05),血清中GSH-Px的活力降低,差异极显著(p0.01);乳房炎奶牛血清中MDA含量显著性升高,差异显著(p0.05)。3.乳房炎对奶牛乳汁体细胞数及乳汁成分的影响乳房炎奶牛乳汁体细胞数与健康奶牛相比明显增高,差异极显著(p0.01);乳房炎奶牛乳汁成分中乳脂率、乳糖率和乳蛋白率有显著性变化,其中乳房炎奶牛乳汁中乳脂率和乳糖率较健康奶牛明显降低,差异极显著(p0.01);乳房炎乳汁中乳蛋白率较健康奶牛显著性升高,差异显著(p0.05);乳汁中的非脂固形物率,在乳房炎奶牛和健康奶牛乳汁中无明显差异性(p0.05)。4.引起奶牛乳房炎的病原菌分离鉴定与药敏试验实验显示:引起本试验中奶牛乳房炎的主要致病菌为无乳链球菌和葡萄球菌。其中无乳链球菌,占68.42%;葡萄球菌次之,其中金黄色葡萄球菌占13.16%,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌占10.53%;药敏试验结果表明,主要致病菌对阿莫西林克拉维酸、头孢唑啉、头孢氨苄、头孢哌酮和头孢噻呋敏感;对林可霉素耐药,其中金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林严重耐药,而无乳链球菌对链霉素和卡那霉素普遍存在耐药性。由上述结果可知,乳房炎引起了奶牛血液理化指标改变,并导致奶牛糖代谢和脂代谢异常;乳房炎发生时,机体全身的抗氧化能力急剧下降,随着自由基的蓄积,加重了对奶牛乳腺的氧化损伤;乳房炎对乳汁SCC以及乳汁成分有着显著性的影响;引起本试验中奶牛乳房炎的主要致病菌是金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和链球菌,药敏试验结果提示在临床用药时要结合不同的致病菌及其药物敏感性情况合理用药,治疗效果会更好。
[Abstract]:Mastitis is a common disease of postpartum cows, but also one of the most serious economic losses caused by the dairy industry. The cow disease affected by oxidative stress in the lactation period, leading to the risk of cow mastitis prevalence increased, resulting in lower production performance of dairy cows, causing huge losses to the aquaculture industry. This study selected 30 head mastitis disease cattle as the experimental group, 15 healthy cows as the control group, the prevalence and incidence of main pathogens of cow mastitis bacteria, biochemical index and antioxidant enzyme levels in serum, milk somatic cell count and milk composition changes, comprehensive analysis of effect of mastitis of dairy cows, for the diagnosis of bovine mastitis, treatment and provide reference materials. The results are as follows: the total number of white blood cells to detect mastitis mastitis of dairy cows 1. blood biochemical index is very healthy cows Increased significantly (P0.01); mastitis blood neutrophil counts compared with healthy cows increased significantly (P0.05), lymphocytic mastitis in the blood and number of mononuclear cells compared with healthy cows, no significant difference (P0.05); mastitis blood neutrophil percentage of healthy cows significantly increased (P0.05), no significant difference in the blood of dairy cows mastitis lymphocyte percentage and the percentage of mononuclear cells and healthy cow mastitis (P0.05); serum AST, GLU and CHOL levels were significantly elevated Healthy Cows Mastitis (P0.01); the serum ALP and TBIL levels were significantly higher (P0.05 healthy cows); mastitis cow serum ALT, GGT, TG, DBIL, IDBIL, there was no significant difference between the TP and GLO content compared with healthy cows (P0.05).2. with antioxidant enzyme activity in serum of dairy cow mastitis detection of serum anti mastitis cows Enzyme activity decreased significantly, the mastitis serum SOD and CAT content compared with healthy cows was decreased significantly (P0.05), serum GSH-Px activity decreased significantly (P0.01); the content of MDA in serum of dairy cow mastitis increased significantly, the difference was significant (P0.05).3. effect on mastitis milk somatic cell count and milk composition of dairy cow mastitis and milk somatic cell count were significantly higher than healthy cows, significant difference (P0.01); milk yield of dairy cow mastitis milk, lactose and milk protein content have significant changes in milk fat and lactose compared with healthy cows mastitis milk to reduce the rate of the difference extremely significant (P0.01); mastitis milk milk protein rate than healthy cows increased significantly, significant difference (P0.05); non fat milk solids rate in dairy cows and milk cow mastitis in ignorance of health A significant difference (P0.05) caused by.4. display experimental isolation and identification of pathogens and drug sensitivity of mastitis in dairy cows: the main pathogens causing mastitis in this experiment for Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus. The Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 68.42%; the second, which accounted for 13.16% of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 10.53%; drug sensitivity test showed that the main pathogens of amoxicillin clavulanic acid, cefazolin and cephalexin, cefoperazone and ceftiofur sensitive to kanamycin resistance; Lin Ke, Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococcus to penicillin, ampicillin and drug-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae, streptomycin and card kanamycin resistance exists. From the above result, mastitis caused cow blood biochemical index change, and lead to glucose and lipid metabolism of Dairy Cows Mastitis is abnormal; The body, the antioxidant capacity decreased sharply, with the accumulation of free radicals, aggravate the oxidative damage of dairy cow; mastitis have a significant influence on milk and SCC milk composition; main pathogens causing mastitis in this experiment is Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Streptococcus, drug sensitivity the test results suggest that the clinical application of combination of pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity situation of rational use of different treatment, the effect will be better.

【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S858.23

【参考文献】