秦巴山区黄牛群体的微卫星DNA遗传多样性

发布时间：2018-04-17 02:34

本文选题：秦巴山区黄牛 + 微卫星DNA　；参考：《农业生物技术学报》2016年02期

【摘要】：为分析秦巴山区西镇牛、赤崖牛、陨巴牛和宣汉牛4个黄牛(Bos taurus)品种的遗传多样性,本研究以蜀宣花牛和郏县红牛作对照,利用12对微卫星引物对6个黄牛品种的289头黄牛个体进行了遗传多样性检测,统计了各品种的等位基因及频率、有效等位基因数、遗传杂合度、多态信息含量及各群体间遗传距离,并对其进行聚类分析。结果表明,6个黄牛品种在12个微卫星位点共发现110个等位基因,等位基因频率为0.001 6~0.517 3,总群体各位点平均有效等位基因数为2.787 7~7.132 6;各位点多态信息含量为0.519 2~0.895 3;平均杂合度为0.667 2~0.724 1。群体间发现特有等位基因11个,基因频率为0.008 1~0.381 6;优势等位基因(P0.4)19个,基因频率为0.403 2~0.820 0;共有等位基因41个,占全部等位基因的37.27%,仅有13个共有等位基因为优势等位基因(P0.4),占37.71%。群体间Nei's遗传一致度为0.596 5~0.840 8,标准遗传距离(Ds)为0.173 5~0.524 7。聚类分析结果显示,6个黄牛品种聚为3类,陨巴牛与宣汉牛首先聚在一起,然后同西镇牛聚在一类;赤崖牛与郏县红牛聚为一类;蜀宣花牛自成一类。研究结果表明,12对微卫星标记可用于秦巴山区黄牛遗传多样性的分析,秦巴山区各黄牛品种遗传多样性丰富,选育程度不同,4个黄牛品种虽然地理分布格局相近,自然环境相似,但亲缘关系并非相近,应为来源不同的品种。因此,西镇牛、赤崖牛、陨巴牛和宣汉牛不宜合并为1个品种。本研究所揭示的秦巴山区黄牛品种的遗传分化特点及亲缘关系,为研究品种的遗传共适应特点,预测杂交优势,制定育种战略等提供了科学依据。
[Abstract]:For the analysis of Qinba Mountain West Town Red Cliff cattle, cattle, cattle and Xuanhan cattle Pakistan from 4 cattle (Bos taurus) a variety of breeds, in this study, Shu Xuan cattle and Jiaxian Red Bull as control, the genetic diversity detection by using 12 pairs of microsatellite primers of 6 cattle breeds 289 the head of cattle, the varieties and the allele frequencies, effective number of alleles, heterozygosity, polymorphism information content and genetic distance among the populations, and carries on the cluster analysis. The results showed that 6 cattle breeds were found 110 alleles in 12 microsatellite loci, etc. the allele frequency of 0.001 6~0.517 3, the total population the average effective number of alleles was 2.787 7~7.132 6; the polymorphism information content was 0.519 2~0.895 3; the average heterozygosity was 0.667 2~0.724 between the 1. groups found specific allele 11, gene frequency was 0.008 1~0.381 6; advantage Allele (P0.4) 19, gene frequency was 0.403 2~0.820 0; a total of 41 alleles, allele accounted for 37.27%, only a total of 13 alleles was the dominant allele (P0.4), 37.71%. group Nei's genetic identity was 0.596 5~0.840 8 standard. Transmission distance (Ds) results showed that 0.173 5~0.524 7. cluster analysis, 6 cattle breeds were clustered into 3 groups, the Pakistan Xuanhan cattle and clustered together firstly, and then with the town of West cattle gathered in a class; the red cliff Jiaxian cattle and Red Bull clustered; Shu Xuan is a type of cattle. The results showed that 12 pairs of microsatellite markers can be used to analyze the diversity of Qinba mountain cattle genetic, Qinba mountain cattle breeds the abundant genetic diversity and breeding in different degrees, 4 cattle breeds although geographical distribution patterns are similar, similar to the natural environment, but the relationship is not close to the source should be so different varieties. West Town, cattle, Red Cliff cattle, meteorite cattle and Xuanhan cattle should not be combined into 1 varieties. The genetic differentiation characteristics and genetic relationships of yellow cattle breeds revealed in this study provide scientific basis for the study of genetic co adaptability, prediction of crossbreeding strength and establishment of breeding strategy.

【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学动物科技学院;汉中职业技术学院农林系;国家肉牛改良中心;镇巴县畜牧兽医工作站;
【基金】：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(No.2013AA102505和No.2011AA100307-02) 国家现代农业产业技术体系(No.CARS-38) 陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划(No.2014KTZB02-02) 陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目(No.2012NY2-17)
【分类号】：S823.81

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