不同产圈模式对母猪及哺乳仔猪福利水平的影响

发布时间：2018-04-22 07:10

本文选题：产圈 + 母猪　；参考：《河南科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本试验旨在研究不同产圈模式对母猪繁殖性能、行为指标、生理指标及其后代哺乳仔猪的生产性能、行为指标、生理指标的影响,以期探究一种能在实际生产中推广应用的福利友好型母猪及哺乳仔猪饲养模式。试验选取胎次相同、妊娠期及体况相近的24头母猪二元杂交母猪(大白×长白),随机分为3个处理组,即限位栏产圈+高床组(farrowing crate pen+high bed,FCH,n=8)、自由产圈+高床组(freedom farrowing pen+high bed,FFH,n=8)、自由产圈+部分发酵床地面组(freedom farrowing pen+partially fermented bed,FFPF,n=8)。在母猪预产期的前7 d将其转入不同的产圈,分娩后第21 d仔猪断奶。1.不同产圈模式对母猪繁殖性能及哺乳仔猪生长性能的影响(1)母猪的繁殖性能。FFH、FFPF母猪分娩时长显著低于FCH(P0.05),FFH母猪分娩间隔显著低于FCH(P0.05)。FFH母猪血液催产素(oxytocin,OT)及催乳素(prolactin,PRL)含量有升高的趋势(P0.1)。(2)哺乳仔猪的生长性能。各组间断奶仔猪数、仔猪死亡率、平均出生重平均断奶重、断奶窝重、平均日采食量差异均不显著(P0.05)。FFH仔猪平均日增重显著升高(P0.05)。2.不同产圈模式对母猪及哺乳仔猪行为的影响(1)母猪的行为。在母猪转入后第2 d、4 d,FFH与FFPF母猪站立和探究行为显著高于FCH(P0.05),而侧卧、空嚼和咬栏行为显著低于FCH(P0.05)。在分娩后第2 d,FFPF母猪犬坐行为发生次数显著低于FCH(P0.05),而站立行为发生次数显著高于FCH(P0.05)。在分娩后第3 d,FFH与FFPF母猪探究行为发生次数显著高于FCH(P0.05),FFPF母猪空嚼行为发生次数显著低于FCH与FFH(P0.05)。在分娩后第7 d,FFH与FFPF母猪侧卧、站立、咬栏和空嚼行为发生次数显著低于FCH(P0.05),而探究行为发生次数显著高于FCH(P0.05)。在分娩后第14 d,FFH与FFPF母猪站立和探究行为发生次数显著高于FCH(P0.05),而犬坐、咬栏和空嚼行为发生次数显著低于FCH(P0.05)。在分娩后第21 d,FFH母猪侧卧行为发生次数显著高于FCH(P0.05),FFH与FFPF母猪站立和探究行为发生次数显著高于FCH(P0.05),FFH与FFPF母猪腹卧、犬坐和空嚼行为发生次数显著低于FCH(P0.05),FFPF母猪咬栏行为发生次数显著低于FCH(P0.05)。(2)哺乳仔猪的行为。在分娩后第14 d,FFPF仔猪运动、探究行为发生次数显著高于fch,ffh与ffpf仔猪攻击行为发生次数显著低于fch(p0.05)。在分娩后第21d,ffh与ffpf仔猪腹卧和站立行为发生次数显著低于fch(p0.05),而运动、玩耍和探究行为发生次数显著高于fch(p0.05)。3.不同产圈模式对哺乳仔猪皮肤损伤的影响分娩后第14d,ffpf仔猪皮肤损伤程度显著降低(p0.05)。其他时期各组间仔猪皮肤损伤程度无显著差异(p0.05)。4.不同产圈模式对母猪及哺乳仔猪应激水平的影响(1)母猪的应激水平。在母猪转入产房后第2d,ffh和ffpf母猪腰部体表温度显著低于fch(p0.05)。在分娩后第7d,ffh与ffpf母猪唾液α-淀粉酶(α-amylase,amy)含量显著低于fch(p0.05)。在分娩后第14d,ffpf母猪唾液amy含量显著低于fch(p0.05),fch母猪唾液皮质醇(cortisol,cor)有明显升高的趋势。(2)哺乳仔猪的应激水平。分娩后各个时期,ffpf仔猪整体体表平均温度显著降低(p0.05);分娩后第7d,ffh仔猪cor含量显著高于fch(p0.05);分娩后第21d,ffpf仔猪amy活性显著降低(p0.05)。5.不同产圈模式对母猪及哺乳仔猪免疫水平的影响(1)母猪的免疫水平。在分娩当天,ffh与ffpf母猪奶样免疫球蛋白a(iga)、免疫球蛋白g(igg)含量显著高于fch(p0.05)。在分娩后第3d,母猪奶样ffh与ffpf母猪奶样iga含量显著高于fch(p0.05)。在分娩后第7d,ffh母猪唾液iga含量显著高于fch(p0.05)。在分娩后第14d和21d,各组间母猪唾液iga、igg含量差异不显著(p0.05)。(2)仔猪的免疫水平。分娩后第7d,ffh与ffpf仔猪血浆iga含量显著高于fch(p0.05)。在分娩后第21d,ffh与ffpf仔猪血浆白细胞介素-1β(il-1β)、干扰素-γ(ifn-γ)含量有升高的趋势(p0.1)。此外,第3d母猪奶样iga含量与第7d仔猪血浆iga含量呈显著正相关关系(p0.05)。结论:在分娩前期,自由产圈显著提高了母猪的繁殖性能;在分娩的中后期,自由产圈尤其是ffpf在提高仔猪生产性能,改善母猪和仔猪行为,缓解母猪和仔猪应激水平等方面效果优于限位栏产圈,而且自由产圈在一定程度上提高了仔猪机体免疫力。因此,自由产圈提高了母猪和哺乳仔猪的福利水平,是一种福利友好型的母猪及哺乳仔猪饲养模式。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different production cycles on the reproductive performance, behavioral indexes, physiological indexes and the production performance, behavior indexes and physiological indexes of the offspring of their offspring, in order to explore a kind of welfare friendly sow and suckling piglet feeding mode which can be popularized in actual production. The two hybrid sows of 24 sows with similar body conditions were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups, that is, the limit column production circle + high bed group (farrowing crate pen+high bed, FCH, n=8), the free production circle + high bed group (freedom farrowing pen+high bed, FFH, n=8), the free production circle + partial fermented bed ground group Bed, FFPF, n=8). The first 7 d of the pre birth period of the sow into different production cycles, the effect of the twenty-first D weaned piglets on the reproductive performance of sows and the growth performance of the suckling piglets (1) the reproductive performance of the sow and the reproductive performance of the sows (1), the length of the FFPF sow was significantly lower than FCH (P0.05), and the FFH sow delivery interval was significantly lower than that of FCH. The content of oxytocin (OT) and prolactin (PRL) in sows increased (P0.1). (2) the growth performance of suckling piglets, the number of weaned piglets, the mortality of weanling pigs, the average weaning weight, weaning weight, and the average daily feed intake were not significant (P0.05), the average daily gain of.FFH piglets increased significantly (P0.05).2. The behavior of sow and suckling piglets (1) behavior of sow and suckling piglets (1). Standing and exploring behavior of second D, 4 D, and FFPF sows after sow transfer was significantly higher than FCH (P0.05), while lateral lying, the behavior of empty chewing and hurdles was significantly lower than FCH (P0.05). After second D, the number of FFPF sow dog sitting behavior was significantly lower than FCH (P0.05). The number of standing behavior was significantly higher than that of FCH (P0.05). At third d after delivery, the number of FFH and FFPF sows was significantly higher than FCH (P0.05), and the number of FFPF sows' vacant behavior occurred significantly lower than FCH and FFH (P0.05). The number of exploratory behaviors was significantly higher than that of FCH (P0.05). At fourteenth d after delivery, the number of standing and inquiry behavior of FFH and FFPF sows was significantly higher than that of FCH (P0.05), while the number of bites and null chews was significantly lower than that of FCH (P0.05). After childbirth, twenty-first D, FFH mother pigs were significantly higher than FCH. The frequency of standing and exploring behavior of pigs was significantly higher than that of FCH (P0.05), FFH and FFPF sow's abdominal lying, and the number of dogs sitting and empty chewing was significantly lower than FCH (P0.05), and the number of FFPF sows' biting hurdles was significantly lower than FCH (P0.05). (2) the behavior of suckling piglets was fourteenth D and FFPF piglet movement after childbirth, the number of exploratory behavior was significantly higher than FCH. The incidence of attack behavior of H and FFPF piglets was significantly lower than that of FCH (P0.05). At 21d, FFH and FFPF piglets were significantly lower than FCH (P0.05) in 21d, FFH and FFPF piglets, while movement, play and exploratory behavior were significantly higher than FCH (P0.05). The degree of skin injury in pigs decreased significantly (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the degree of skin injury between the piglets at other stages (P0.05) the effect of different.4. modes on the stress level of sow and suckling piglets (1) the stress level of sows. After the sow was transferred into the delivery room, the body surface temperature of FFH and FFPF sows was significantly lower than that of FCH (P0.05). After delivery, the sow's body surface temperature was significantly lower than that of FCH (P0.05). 7d, FFH and FFPF sow saliva alpha amylase (alpha -amylase, Amy) content was significantly lower than FCH (P0.05). In the post labor 14d, FFPF sow saliva Amy content was significantly lower than FCH (P0.05). (2) the stress level of the sow's saliva. The cor content of the piglets was significantly higher than that of FCH (P0.05), and the cor content of the piglets was significantly higher than that of FCH (P0.05) after delivery, and the Amy activity of the piglets was significantly reduced (P0.05).5. after delivery (P0.05).5. (P0.05).5.. (1) the immune level of the sow and the suckling piglets (1) the immune level of the sows. The content of G (IgG) was significantly higher than that of FCH (P0.05). At 3D after childbirth, milk like FFH and FFPF sow milk like IgA content was significantly higher than FCH (P0.05). The plasma IgA content of post 7d, FFH and FFPF piglets was significantly higher than that of FCH (P0.05). The content of interleukin -1 beta (IL-1 beta) and interferon gamma (ifn- gamma) in the plasma of 21d, FFH and FFPF piglets were higher after delivery. The free production circle significantly improved the reproductive performance of sows; in the middle and late stages of childbirth, the free production cycle, especially FFPF, improved the performance of piglets, improved the behavior of sows and piglets, relieved the equality of stress water between sows and piglets, and improved the immunity of piglets to a certain extent. The free production circle has raised the welfare level of sows and suckling piglets, and is a welfare friendly sow and suckling piglet feeding mode.

【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S828

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