低蛋白水平造成舍饲滩羊异食癖发生机理及其营养调控技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 22:37

  本文选题：舍饲滩羊 + 异食癖　； 参考：《宁夏大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本试验结合生产性能、瘤胃内环境、血液生化、羊毛物理化学及尿液指标,研究低蛋白水平造成舍饲滩羊异食癖的发生机理,在此基础上通过给异食癖滩羊饲喂营养全面的平衡日粮,在试验条件下研究营养调控的实际效果。试验分两部分：试验一：低蛋白水平造成舍饲滩羊异食癖发生机理研究选取装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的健康滩羊羯羊12只,采用单因素完全随机试验设计,饲喂低蛋白水平的日粮,以建立其异食癖模型。异食癖滩羊为试验组,其日粮维生素、矿物质参照NRC绵羊饲养标准和内蒙古细毛羊(4-18月龄)饲养标准配制,粗蛋白水平分别为营养需要的2/3(试验Ⅰ组)和1/2(试验Ⅱ组)。非异食癖滩羊为对照组,其日粮参照饲养标准配制。结果表明：低蛋白水平造成舍饲滩羊异食癖时,羊只干物质采食量(DMI)与增重呈下降趋势,料重比极显著增加(P0.01)；蛋白水平低至1/2时粗蛋白(CP)表观消化率、氮利用率极显著降低(P0.01)；瘤胃氨氮(NH3-N)浓度、瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)及乙酸含量极显著减少(P0.01),试验Ⅱ组丙酸、丁酸含量极显著减少(P0.01);血清总蛋白(TP)水平极显著下降(P0.01),血清尿素氮(BUN)含量显著减少(P0.05)；羊毛生长速度减缓,羊毛密度呈下降趋势,但差异不显著(P0.05),羊毛硫沉积量显著减少(P0.05);尿氮极显著低于对照组(P0.01),尿中锌含量呈下降趋势,而尿液PH及尿中铜的含量无明显变化。舍饲滩羊发生异食癖时,可通过瘤胃NH3-N、VFA,血清TP、血清BUN,羊毛长度增长、羊毛密度、羊毛中硫含量以及尿氮的检测,判断分析是否是由日粮蛋白质缺乏引起的。试验二：舍饲滩羊异食癖营养调控技术研究通过营养检测技术确定舍饲滩羊发生异食癖的主要因素,将所选16只异食癖滩羊随机分为两组,每组8只,试验组日粮参照NRC绵羊饲养标准和内蒙古细毛羊(4-18月龄)饲养标准配制为营养全面的平衡日粮,另一组饲喂原有的营养不全面的日粮作为对照,在试验条件下研究营养调控的实际效果。结果表明：试验组的末重、日增重、DMI均极显著的高于对照组(P0.01),其中日增重达到了对照组的两倍,且试验组的料重比极显著的低于对照组(P0.01)；试验组的血清TP、BUN含量呈极显著水平提高(P0.01),Glu含量显著高于对照组(P0.05)；试验组的羊毛生长速度较对照组加快,羊毛密度显著高于对照组(P0.05)；试验组羊毛硫含量极显著的高于对照组(P0.01),且均提高到2%以上,羊毛铜、锌含量呈增加趋势,试验后期羊毛锌含量显著高于对照组(P0.05)；试验组的尿氮含量显著高于对照组(P0.01),但试验组的氮利用率优于对照组。说明通过营养调控能有效防治滩羊异食癖,改善异食癖滩羊体况。
[Abstract]:In this study, the production performance, rumen environment, blood biochemistry, wool physicochemistry and urine index were used to study the mechanism of transfestation caused by low protein level. On this basis, the actual effect of nutritional regulation was studied under the experimental conditions by feeding the transvestite Tan sheep with a balanced diet with comprehensive nutrition. The experiment was divided into two parts: experiment 1: study on the mechanism of transvestibility in Sheep caused by low protein level; 12 healthy Tan Sheep with permanent Rumen Fistula were selected and fed diets with low protein level by a single factor complete randomized trial design. To establish its transvestite model. The dietary vitamins and minerals were formulated according to the feeding standards of NRC sheep and Inner Mongolia fine wool sheep. The crude protein levels were 2 / 3 (group I) and 1 / 2 (group 鈪，

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