吡啶羧酸铬对罗斯肉鸡脂肪代谢的影响

发布时间：2018-05-02 17:26

本文选题：吡啶羧酸铬 + 罗斯肉鸡　；参考：《广东海洋大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以脂肪沉积和脂肪代谢关键酶mRNA表达量及关键酶的活性研究铬对肉鸡脂代谢的影响,明确作用机理。试验选取360只1日龄体况良好的罗斯肉仔鸡,采用单因素随机分组方式,随机分为5组,每组设6个重复,每个重复12只鸡。试验Ⅰ组饲喂基础饲粮为对照组,试验Ⅱ-Ⅴ组为试验组,在基础饲粮中分别添加吡啶羧酸铬0.1mg/kg、0.2mg/kg、0.4mg/kg和0.8 mg/kg(以铬计,连续添加),试验期为42天。试验结果表明:试验一:日粮中添加不同水平吡啶羧酸铬对罗斯肉鸡脂肪沉积以及对相关血清生化指标的影响。待饲养试验结束后,将试验鸡屠宰,采集样本,测定腹脂率、皮下脂肪厚度、肌间脂肪宽度以及血清TG、HDL-C、TC和LDL-C指标。结果表明:21日龄各试验组腹部脂肪沉积有降低趋势,试验Ⅳ组降低44.64%(P0.05);各试验组皮下脂肪厚度均有所降低(P0.05);肌间脂肪宽度没有规律性变化;试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组血清TG分别降低17.14%(P0.05)、14.29%(P0.05)和15.71%(P0.05);试验Ⅴ组血清HDL-C水平升高11.59%(P0.05);各组血清TC和甘油三酯变化不显著。42日龄试验各组腹脂率分别降低23.90%(P0.05)、24.88%(P0.05)、34.15%(P0.05)和29.76%(P0.05);试验Ⅳ组皮下脂肪厚度降低11.76%(P0.05);试验Ⅲ和Ⅳ组血清TC分别降低26.26%(P0.05)和25.32%(P0.05),试验Ⅱ和Ⅴ组有降低趋势(P0.05);试验Ⅲ和Ⅳ组血清TG分别降低23.26%(P0.05)和22.48%(P0.05);吡啶羧酸铬能显著降低血清LDL-C的含量(P0.05),提高试验Ⅱ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组血清HDL-C含量(P0.05),Ⅲ组提高达18.36%(P0.05)。综上所述,吡啶羧酸铬能有效降低罗斯肉鸡腹脂率,显著影响腹脂沉积;降低皮下脂肪厚度;对肌间脂肪宽度没有规律性的影响;对血清TC、TG、LDL-C和HDL-C有显著影响。以降低腹脂率为评价指标,吡啶羧酸铬的适宜添加量为0.4 mg/kg。试验二:吡啶羧酸铬对罗斯肉鸡脂肪代谢关键酶活性、关键酶基因表达量的影响。试验旨在研究不同水平吡啶羧酸铬对罗斯肉鸡脂肪代谢关键酶活性及mRNA表达量的影响。饲养结束后,将试验鸡屠宰,采集样本,测定FAS和LPL基因mRNA表达量以及FAS、LPL、ACC和HSL酶活性。结果表明,21日龄,随着铬水平的添加的增加,各试验组FAS酶活性降低,但差异均不显著(P0.05);ACC酶活性均显著降低(P0.05);HSL酶活性均有所降低(P0.05);试验Ⅳ组胸肌、脂肪LPL酶活性最低。各试验组FAS基因mRNA表达量均有提高,其中试验Ⅲ和Ⅳ组FAS基因mRNA表达量显著提高(P0.05);LPL基因mRNA表达量除试验Ⅲ组显著降低外(P0.05),其余试验组均提高,其中试验Ⅱ、Ⅳ组分别提高66.02%(P0.05)、33.84%(P0.05)。42日龄,除试验Ⅳ组FAS酶活性显著降低外(P0.05),其余试验组组均略有提高(P0.05);试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组ACC酶活性有所提高(P0.05),而试验Ⅳ和Ⅴ组略有降低(P0.05);试验Ⅱ和Ⅳ组HSL活性略有提高(P0.05),而试验Ⅲ和Ⅴ组略有降低(P0.05);各试验组胸肌和脂肪LPL酶活性均有提高(P0.05)。与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组FAS基因mRNA表达量显著提高(P0.05),而其余试验组均显著降低(P0.05);LPL基因mRNA表达量与FAS类似,试验Ⅲ组LPL基因mRNA表达量显著提高(P0.05),其余试验组均显著降低(P0.05)。肝脏FAS、ACC和脂肪和胸肌LPL活性均有降低趋势,虽然脂肪HSL活性也有所降低,但前三者降低更明显,肝脏FAS和脂肪LPL基因mRNA表达量具有显著变化,但没有表现出剂量与效果关系。试验三:日粮中添加不同水平吡啶羧酸铬对罗斯肉鸡肌内脂肪含量以及对H-FABP和A-FABP基因mRNA表达量的影响。试验结束后,采集样本,测定上述指标。结果表明,21日龄,与对照组相比除试验Ⅴ组胸肌IMF含量显著降低外(P0.05),其余试验组均有降低趋势(P0.05),腿肌IMF随着铬添加量的增加呈线性递减(P0.05);A-FABP基因mRNA表达量与胸肌IMF含量呈极强负相关,与腿肌呈中等负相关;而H-FABP基因mRNA表达量与腿肌IMF含量呈强负相关,与胸肌IMF含量呈中等负相关。42日龄,胸肌和腿肌IMF含量均有所降低(P0.05);H-FABP和A-FABP基因mRNA表达量与胸肌和腿肌含量整体相关性较弱。因此得出,A-FABP基因是影响21日龄胸肌IMF含量的主要候选基因,H-FABP基因是影响21日龄腿肌IMF含量的主要候选基因,42d时,H-FABP和A-FABP基因对胸肌和腿肌IMF含量影响不大。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effect of chromium on lipid metabolism and key enzyme mRNA expression and the activity of key enzymes were used to study the effect of chromium on lipid metabolism in Broilers and the mechanism of action. 360 young Ross broilers with good body condition at 1 days of age were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups by single factor random grouping, each group was set up 6 repetitions and 12 chickens were repeated. Experiment group I was fed. The basal diet was used as the control group, and the test group II - V group was tested with chromium pyridine carboxylic acid 0.1mg/kg, 0.2mg/kg, 0.4mg/kg and 0.8 mg/kg respectively in the basal diet, and the test period was 42 days. The test results showed that the experiment 1: the fat deposition and related blood of different levels of chromium pyridine carboxylate on Ross broilers were added to the diet. After the experiment was finished, the test chickens were slaughtered and samples were collected to determine the rate of abdominal fat, the thickness of subcutaneous fat, the width of intermuscular fat and the TG, HDL-C, TC and LDL-C indexes of serum. The results showed that the abdominal fat deposition in the 21 day old groups was reduced by 44.64% (P0.05) in the test group and the thickness of the subcutaneous fat in the experimental groups. There was a decrease in degree (P0.05); there was no regular change in the width of intermuscular fat; the serum TG in the test group II, III and IV decreased by 17.14% (P0.05), 14.29% (P0.05) and 15.71% (P0.05), and the serum HDL-C level in the test group was 11.59% (P0.05), and the serum TC and glycerol glycerol three were not significantly decreased by 23.90% (P0.05, P0.05) in each group. ), 24.88% (P0.05), 34.15% (P0.05) and 29.76% (P0.05); the subcutaneous fat thickness of group IV decreased by 11.76% (P0.05); the serum TC in group III and IV was reduced by 26.26% (P0.05) and 25.32% (P0.05), and in group II and V groups had a decreasing trend (P0.05); the serum TG decreased by 23.26% (P0.05) and 22.48% (P0.05) in group III and IV group, and the chromium of pyridine carboxylic acid was significant. Reduce the content of serum LDL-C (P0.05), improve the serum HDL-C content (P0.05) in group II, IV and V group (P0.05), group III increase by 18.36% (P0.05). To sum up, the chromium pyridine carboxylic acid can effectively reduce the abdominal fat rate of Ross broilers, significantly influence the abdominal fat deposition, lower the thickness of subcutaneous fat, and have no regular effect on the width of intermuscular fat; to serum TC, TG, LDL-C. In order to reduce the rate of abdominal fat, the suitable dosage of chromium pyridine carboxylic acid was 0.4 mg/kg. test two: the effect of chromium pyridine carboxylic acid on the key enzyme activity of fat metabolism and the gene expression of key enzyme in Ross broilers. The experiment was designed to study the key enzyme activity and mRN of different levels of chromium pyridine carboxylic acid on fat metabolism in Ross broilers The effect of A expression. After the rearing, the experimental chickens were slaughtered and samples were collected to determine the mRNA expression of the FAS and LPL genes and the activity of FAS, LPL, ACC and HSL enzyme. The results showed that the activity of FAS enzyme decreased with the increase of chromium level at 21 days of age, but the difference was not significant (P0.05), and the activity of ACC enzyme decreased significantly (P0.05) activity. There was a decrease (P0.05); the test IV group was the lowest in the chest muscle and the fat LPL enzyme activity. The expression of FAS gene mRNA in each test group increased, of which the mRNA expression of FAS gene in the test group III and IV was significantly increased (P0.05), and the mRNA expression of LPL gene was significantly lower than the test group III group (P0.05), and the other experimental groups were improved, in which the test II and IV groups were increased respectively. 66.02% (P0.05), 33.84% (P0.05).42 days of age, except for group IV group FAS enzyme activity significantly decreased (P0.05), the rest of the experimental group increased slightly (P0.05), the test II and III group ACC enzyme activity increased (P0.05), and the test IV and V group slightly decreased (P0.05), the test II and IV group HSL activity slightly increased (P0.05), and a slight decrease in test III and V group (P0.05), the activity of chest muscle and fat LPL enzyme in each test group increased (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the mRNA expression of the FAS gene was significantly increased (P0.05) in the test group (P0.05), while the other experimental groups were significantly decreased (P0.05), the mRNA expression of LPL gene was similar to FAS, and the mRNA expression of the LPL gene in group III was significantly increased, and the other experimental groups were significantly reduced. Low (P0.05). The liver FAS, ACC, fat and LPL activity of the pectoral muscle decreased, although the lipid HSL activity decreased, but the first three decreased more obviously, the mRNA expression of the liver FAS and the fat LPL gene had a significant change, but did not show the relationship between the dose and the effect. Test three: adding different levels of chromium pyridine carboxylate to Ross meat in the diet The content of intramuscular fat and the expression of mRNA in the H-FABP and A-FABP genes. After the experiment, the samples were collected and the above indexes were measured. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the IMF content of the chest muscle decreased significantly (P0.05) compared with the control group (P0.05), and the rest of the experimental group had a decreasing trend (P0.05), and the IMF of the leg muscle was on the line with the increase of chromium addition. Sexual decline (P0.05); the expression of mRNA in the A-FABP gene was strongly negatively correlated with the IMF content in the pectoral muscles, and was negatively correlated with the leg muscles; and the mRNA expression of the H-FABP gene was strongly negatively correlated with the IMF content in the leg muscle, and was negatively correlated with the IMF content of the chest muscle, and the IMF content of the chest and leg muscles decreased (P0.05). The overall correlation between the chest muscle and the leg muscle is weak. Therefore, the A-FABP gene is the main candidate gene that affects the IMF content of the 21 day old breast muscle. The H-FABP gene is the main candidate gene that affects the IMF content of the leg muscle of 21 days old. When 42d, the H-FABP and A-FABP genes have little effect on the IMF content in the chest and leg muscles.

【学位授予单位】：广东海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831.5

【参考文献】