不同鹅品种养分利用率和血清生化指标的测定比较分析

发布时间：2018-05-08 02:33

本文选题：鹅 + 品种　；参考：《扬州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：试验选用国家级水禽种质资源基因库(江苏泰州)内的成年健康浙东白鹅、马岗鹅、武冈铜鹅、豁眼鹅、四川白鹅、狮头鹅、皖西白鹅、乌鬃鹅、太湖鹅、莱茵鹅、朗德鹅、溆浦鹅作为研究素材,对它们于冬季(2月)、夏季(8月)进行养殖观察试验、养分表观利用率、部分血清生化指标的差异等比较研究,并对部分不同指标间进行相关性分析,结果对更好地了解鹅种特性的内在原因有很大的帮助,而且还能为地方鹅种的合理保护与开发利用研究提供最直接的关键素材。主要研究结果如下：(1)不同鹅种对饲粮养分表观利用率的比较分析不同鹅品种对养分的利用率存在很大的差异,武冈铜鹅、莱茵鹅、溆浦鹅、乌鬃鹅对CP、GE、NFE利用率较高,说明它们在成年期较其他鹅品种更易沉积营养物质。豁眼鹅、太湖鹅、乌鬃鹅对饲粮纤维有较强的利用能力,太湖鹅、溆浦鹅分别对ADF、ADS的利用率突出；狮头鹅对纤维的利用率较弱。胃肠道生理状态以及原产地环境可能是鹅种对不同纤维成分的利用率存在较大差异的原因。(2)季节对鹅饲粮养分利用率的影响鹅在冬季对GE、DM、NFE、ADL、NDF的利用率极显著高于夏季(P0.01),对EE、Ca、Ash的利用率则极显著低于夏季(P0.01),对CP、CF、P、ADF、ADS的利用率则无显著性差异(P0.05)(3)不同鹅种的血清生化指标的比较分析血清蛋白质类生化指标：太湖鹅血清TP、ALB含量最低(P0.05),与莱茵鹅、溆浦鹅接近(P0.05),其他品种间无显著差异(P0.05),表明不同鹅种在同一环境给饲同一种饲粮的蛋白质营养状况存在一定的差异,太湖鹅从饲粮中利用蛋白质的能力最弱。莱茵鹅、朗德鹅、武冈铜鹅血清BUN较低(P0.01),表明这3个鹅品种对蛋白质的沉积能力要强于其他鹅品种。皖西白鹅、浙东白鹅它们血清中AST、ALT活性棚对较高,表明它们体内氨基酸平衡好。血脂类生化指标：浙东白鹅、皖西白鹅、乌鬃鹅血清TG浓度较高(P0.01),狮头鹅、皖西白鹅、乌鬃鹅血清TC含量较高(P0.01),莱茵鹅血清TG含量较低(P0.05),TC含量最低(P0.01)：皖西白鹅血清中LDL-C的含量最高(P0.01),表明其有较高的沉积肌内脂肪的能力。乌鬃鹅、马岗鹅、狮头鹅血清HDL-C浓度较高(P0.01)表明有较好的降低血清胆固醇的特性。总体来说,乌鬃鹅、皖西白鹅对脂类代谢能力较强,机体容易沉积脂肪；莱茵鹅对脂类代谢能力较弱,不易沉积脂肪。血清离子类生化指标：不同鹅种血清Na+、Cl-指标间存在极显著差异(P0.01),表明各个机体的内环境体系并不一致,这是它们机体代谢特性各不相同所引起的结果。(4)季节、性别对鹅血清生化指标的影响除血清生化指标TC、Na+外,TP、ALB、GLB、BUN、ALT、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、 K+、Cl-、Ca2+、A/G值、AST活性均受到冬夏季节变化而产生显著(P0.05)或极显著(P0.01)的影响。AST、TC、K+、NA+、Cl-指标受性别差异的影响不大(P0.05),公母鹅间其他血清生化指标存在显著(P0.05)或极显著差异(P0.01)
[Abstract]:The experiment selected adult healthy Zhejiang white goose, Ma Kong goose, Wugang bronze goose, Huoyan goose, Sichuan white goose, lion head goose, Wanxi white goose, black bristles goose, Taihu goose, Rhine goose, Langde goose in the national waterfowl germplasm resource gene bank (Taizhou). Xupu geese were used as the research materials. The experiment was carried out in winter (February and summer), the apparent utilization rate of nutrients, the difference of some serum biochemical indexes and so on, and the correlation analysis was carried out among some different indexes. The results are of great help to better understand the inherent reasons of geese characteristics, and can also provide the most direct key material for the reasonable protection and development and utilization of local goose breeds. The main results are as follows: (1) comparison of apparent utilization efficiency of dietary nutrients among different geese; there were great differences in nutrient use efficiency among different geese. The utilization efficiency of CPGE-GENFE was higher in Wukangtong goose, Rhine goose, Xupu goose and black bristle goose. The results showed that they deposited nutrients more easily than other goose breeds in adulthood. Huoyan geese, Taihu geese and black bristles geese had strong utilization ability of dietary fiber, and the utilization ratio of ADFNads in Taihu geese and Xupu geese were prominent, while the fiber utilization efficiency of Shitou geese was weak. Physiological status of gastrointestinal tract and environment of origin may be the reasons for the significant difference in the utilization efficiency of different fiber components in geese. (2) the effect of seasons on dietary nutrient utilization efficiency of geese was significantly higher than that in summer. The utilization rate of Aegis carifera Ash was significantly lower than that of P0.01C in summer, but there was no significant difference in the utilization rate of CPCF-PADFADFADFADFADFADFADS3) the biochemical indexes of serum proteins in different geese were as follows: the lowest TPALB content in serum of Taihu geese was P0.05A, and that of Rhine geese was the lowest, and the lowest TPALB content in Taihu geese was lower than that of Rhine geese. Xupu geese were close to P0.05, but there was no significant difference among other breeds, indicating that the protein nutrition status of different geese fed the same diet in the same environment was different, and the ability of Taihu geese to utilize protein from the diet was the weakest. The serum BUN of Rhine goose, Langde goose and Wugang copper goose was lower than that of other goose breeds, indicating that the protein deposition ability of these three goose breeds was stronger than that of other goose breeds. Wanxi White Goose and East Zhejiang White Goose had higher alt activity in their serum, indicating that their amino acid balance was good. The serum TG concentrations of white geese, Wanxi white geese and black bristles geese were higher than those of other geese (P 0.01), Shitou goose, Wanxi white goose, and so on. The serum TC content of black mane geese was higher than that of Rhine geese, and the serum TG content of Rhine geese was lower than that of Wanxi white geese. The serum TC content of Wanxi White Goose was the highest (P0.01C), which indicated that it had higher ability of depositing intramuscular fat. The serum HDL-C concentration of black mane geese, Magang geese and Shitou geese was higher than that of Lion goose (P 0.01). On the whole, Wan-mane goose and Wanxi White goose have strong ability of lipid metabolism, and the body is easy to deposit fat, while Rhine goose has weak ability of lipid metabolism and is not easy to deposit fat. Serum ion biochemical indexes: there was a significant difference in serum Na + Cl- index among different goose breeds, indicating that the internal environmental system of each organism was not consistent, which was the result of different metabolic characteristics of different geese. Effects of Sex on Serum biochemical Indexes of Goose except the Serum biochemical Indexes TCCnA, TGG, HDL-C, K Cl-C + Ca 2 / A / G values all have significant effects on the activities of LDL-C0. 05) or extremely significant P0. 01). The indexes of TCnna are not affected by the sex difference (P0. 05), but the activity of AST is not affected by the sex difference. The activity of AST is influenced by the seasonal change of winter and summer (P 0. 05) or extremely significant (P 0. 01). There were significant differences in other serum biochemical indexes (P0.05) or extremely significant difference (P0.01) between goose and goose.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S835

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