半胱胺、N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对不同阶段生长育肥猪生长性能、血清生理化指标及免疫机能的影响

发布时间：2018-05-08 07:49

本文选题：猪 + 半胱胺　；参考：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本试验目的在于研究不同阶段生长肥育猪饲粮中添加半胱胺(CS)、N-氨甲酰谷氨酸(NCG)对生产性能、血清理化指标、免疫机能、饲粮养分消化代谢及肉品质等方面的影响。试验研究分为两部分：第一部分：研究饲粮中CS、NCG对断奶仔猪生长性能、免疫机能、血清激素水平和饲粮养分消化率的影响。选择健康正常的28+2日龄的杜长大三元杂断奶仔猪405头,采用3×3析因设计,即3个CS水平(Omg/kg、 120mg/kg、240mg/kg),3个NCG水平(0%、0.05%、0.10%)。随机分成9组,每组3个重复,每个重复15头,公母比例相近。第1组为对照组,2-8组为试验组。进行为期45d的饲养试验。试验结果表明：(1)单独添加0.05%的NCG和CS+0.10%的NCG均有促进仔猪日增重,提高日采食量,降低料肉比的趋势。(2)添加CS, NCG能有效降低血清中SS,皮质醇的含量,提高GH, IGFs的含量,但对T3,T4水平无显著影响。其中CS以120mg/kg的添加量为佳,NCG以0.10%的添加量为宜。(3)添加CS和NCG有降低血清胆固醇、甘油三酯、血清尿素氮的趋势,但是对丙氨酸氨基转移酶,天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶,碱性磷酸酶含量无显著影响；添加0.05%NCG能促进猪脂类代谢与沉积,减少血清中脂类含量；0.10%NCG+120mg/kgCS能显著提高仔猪血清总蛋白和IgG水平。(4)添加0.10%NCG+240mg/kgCS能显著改善仔猪饲粮能量和粗蛋白的消化率(P0.05),且两者互作效果优于单因素作用效果。(5)单独添加0.05%NCG能有效提高仔猪免疫力,维持口蹄疫抗体水平稳定。240mg/kgCS与0.10%NCG互作有利于提高仔猪免疫机能及体内口蹄疫抗体水平的恢复。第二部分：研究饲粮中添加CS、NCG对育肥猪生产性能、血清激素水平和肉质性状等方面状的影响。选择健康状况良好,平均体重77.41±1.22kgDLY育肥猪90头,采用2×3析因设计,即选择2个CS水平(0mg/kg和200mg/kg),3个NCG水平(0%、0.10%和0.15%)。随机分为6个组,每个组3个重复,每个重复5头,公母比例相近。第1组为对照组,2～5组为试验组,进行为期45d的饲养试验。试验结果表明：(1)添加0.10%NCG能显著提高育肥猪日增重,降低料重比(P0.05)。NCG与CS在促进生长方面没有显著的互作效应,而单独添加240mg/kg的CS会对猪只带来肠道损伤。(2)添加CS240mg/kg对育肥猪饲粮总能、粗蛋白质和干物质的消化率有不利影响,而添加0.10%NCG可改善育肥猪的消化功能。(3)CS和NCG互作在适合范围内使用,能有效调控机体激素分泌；添加240mg/kg的CS和0.10%的NCG有利于维护猪只机体内环境的稳定,减缓应激状态,促进其健康生长。(4)添加0.10%NCG或240mg/kgCS对血清尿素氮,AST, ALT以及AST/ALT以及免疫球蛋白水平方面均未有显著影响(P0.05)。但有降低血清胆固醇和甘油三酯水平的趋势。同时,两者互作能显著增加血清总蛋白水平,增强动物免疫力和代谢能力。(5)添加CS240mg/kg能有效增加肌间脂肪含量；0.10%NCG能有效增加肌肉间脂肪含量,增加系水力,降低肉色,其效果优于CS,且与CS无明显的互作效应。(6)脂肪沉积相关基因表达量分析表明,添加CS和NCG均有调控动物机体脂肪代谢的作用,适量的CS和NCG互作可降低肝脏脂肪酸合成,减少体脂沉积,同时促进肌间脂肪的生成。建议肥育猪饲粮添加240mg/kg的CS与0.10%的NCG,以调控猪体脂肪代谢,改善肉质品质。综上所述,仔猪饲粮添加0.10%NCG和120mg/kgCS可提高生长性能和自身抵抗力,促进仔猪健康生长。肥育猪饲粮联合添加0.10%NCG+ 240mg/kgCS,能有效提高生长性能,改善猪肉品质。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of cysteamine (CS), N- carbamyl glutamic acid (NCG) on the production performance, blood cleaning index, immune function, nutrient digestion and metabolism and meat quality in different stages of growing fattening pigs. The experimental study was divided into two parts: the first part: the study of the growth of weanling piglets in the diet of CS and NCG The effects of performance, immune function, serum hormone level and dietary nutrient digestibility were selected. A healthy and normal 28+2 day old three yuan mixed Weanling Piglet was selected, using 3 x 3 factorial design, 3 CS levels (Omg/kg, 120mg/kg, 240mg/kg), 3 NCG levels (0%, 0.05%, 0.10%), randomly divided into 9 groups, each of 3 repeats, each repetition 15 head, male mother. The proportion was similar. The first groups were the control group and the 2-8 group was the experimental group. The results showed that (1) the addition of 0.05% NCG and CS+0.10% NCG could promote the daily gain of the piglets, increase the daily feed intake and reduce the trend of the meat ratio. (2) adding CS, NCG can effectively reduce the content of SS and cortisol in the serum, and improve GH, IGFs. But there was no significant effect on the level of T3 and T4. The addition of 120mg/kg was better, and the dosage of NCG was 0.10%. (3) the addition of CS and NCG had the trend of reducing serum cholesterol, triglyceride and serum urea nitrogen, but had no significant influence on alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase; adding 0 .05%NCG can promote lipid metabolism and deposition, reduce the serum lipid content, 0.10%NCG+120mg/kgCS can significantly improve the serum total protein and IgG levels of piglets. (4) adding 0.10%NCG+240mg/kgCS can significantly improve the diet energy and protein digestibility (P0.05) of piglets, and the interaction effect is better than single factor effect. (5) adding 0 separately. 5%NCG can effectively improve the immunity of piglets, maintain the level of FMD antibody and stabilize the interaction of.240mg/kgCS and 0.10%NCG to improve the immune function of piglets and the recovery of the level of FMD antibody in the body. The second part: the study of the effects of adding CS, NCG on the production performance of fattening pigs, serum hormone level and meat quality traits. The health status was good, the average weight of 77.41 + 1.22kgDLY fattening pigs was 90, using 2 x 3 factorial design, that is, 2 CS levels (0mg/kg and 200mg/kg), 3 NCG levels (0%, 0.10% and 0.15%). They were randomly divided into 6 groups, each group was repeated in 3, each repeated 5 head, and the proportion of male and female was close. The first group was the control group and the 2~5 group was the experimental group for a period of 45d feeding. The test results showed that: (1) adding 0.10%NCG can significantly increase the daily weight gain of fattening pigs, reduce the ratio of material weight (P0.05).NCG and CS to promote growth, but CS can bring intestinal damage to pigs alone. (2) adding CS240mg/kg to the total energy of fattening pigs, the digestibility of crude protein and dry matter The addition of 0.10%NCG can improve the digestive function of the fattening pig. (3) the interaction of CS and NCG can effectively regulate the secretion of hormones in the suitable range. Adding 240mg/kg CS and 0.10% NCG can help maintain the stability of the pig's body environment, slow down the stress state and promote its healthy growth. (4) adding 0.10%NCG or 240mg/kgCS pairs. The serum levels of urea nitrogen, AST, ALT, AST/ALT and immunoglobulin were not significantly affected (P0.05), but there was a tendency to reduce serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. At the same time, the interaction between them could significantly increase the level of serum total protein, enhance the immunity and metabolic ability of animals. (5) adding CS240mg/kg can effectively increase the content of intermuscular fat. 0.10%NCG can effectively increase the fat content of the muscle, increase the water power and reduce the color of meat. The effect is better than that of CS, and there is no obvious interaction effect with CS. (6) the analysis of gene expression of fat deposition related gene shows that the addition of CS and NCG all regulate the lipid metabolism of animal body, and a proper amount of CS and NCG can reduce the fatty acid synthesis of the liver and decrease the fatty acid synthesis. Less body fat deposits, and promote the formation of intermuscular fat. It is suggested that the diet of pigs fed with 240mg/kg CS and 0.10% NCG are added to regulate the fat metabolism of pigs and improve the quality of meat quality. In summary, adding 0.10%NCG and 120mg/kgCS to the diet of piglets can improve the growth performance and self resistance and promote the healthy growth of piglets. The diet of fattening pigs is added together to add 0.1. 0%NCG+ 240mg/kgCS can effectively improve growth performance and improve pork quality.

【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5

【参考文献】