牛GPAM基因遗传多态性分析及基因沉默对脂代谢的影响

发布时间：2018-05-21 14:08

本文选题：中国西门塔尔牛 + GPAM基因　；参考：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：西门塔尔牛在世界各国都有饲养，其品种分为乳用、肉用、乳肉兼用等类型。中国的西门塔尔牛是我国从瑞士引进后经过几代的杂交改良，现已成为我国一种大型的乳肉兼用牛的优良品种。线粒体甘油-3-磷酸酰基转移酶(GPAM)参与催化三酰基甘油和磷脂生物合成过程的第一步反应，从而对甘油三酯进行调控。GPAM能够促进动物机体甘油三酯的生成，，并通过中心和外周调节作用，对哺乳动物能量消耗、脂肪沉积、胴体质量以及整体的代谢进行调控。为揭示GPAM基因外显子多态性与西门塔尔牛(草原型)胴体组成和肉质性状的相关性，本研究采用DNA池测序及PCR-RFLP的方法检测了245头34月龄中国西门塔牛群体该基因外显子中SNP位点的多态性，并与中国西门塔尔牛群体的胴体组成、肉质性状进行了相关性分析。结果表明：GPAM基因中基因型（CC、TC）的E20-2823CT表现出较高的净骨重、胴体产肉率、胴体胸深、前蹄重、后蹄重（单蹄）、皮重、生殖器脂肪重、肾脏脂肪重（p＜0.05）；E20-3386GA基因型（AA和GA）表现出较高的净骨重、肉骨比、大理石花纹、肾脏脂肪重（p＜0.05）。本研究同时也通过脂质体介导牛GPAM基因的RNA干扰载体，沉默内源性GPAM基因在牛胎儿成纤维细胞及牛前体脂肪细胞中的表达，以期验证GPAM基因对脂代谢的影响。实验结果表明：抑制GPAM表达后显著降低牛前体脂肪细胞和牛胎儿成纤维细胞中的甘油三酯（TAG）含量，结果证明GPAM基因可能在调节动物脂肪代谢中起关键作用。
[Abstract]:Simmental cattle are kept in all over the world, its varieties are divided into milk, meat, milk and meat and other types. Simmental cattle in China, which was introduced from Switzerland after several generations of cross improvement, has become an excellent breed of large dairy and meat cattle in China. Mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAM) is involved in the first step of catalytic synthesis of triacylglycerol and phospholipid. The energy consumption, fat deposition, carcass mass and overall metabolism of mammals were regulated by central and peripheral regulation. To explore the association of GPAM gene exon polymorphism with carcass composition and meat quality traits in Simmental cattle (steppe type). In this study, DNA pool sequencing and PCR-RFLP were used to detect the polymorphism of SNP locus in the exon of the gene in 245 Chinese Simentas at the age of 34 months, and the correlation analysis was carried out with the carcass composition and meat quality traits of the Chinese Simmental cattle population. The results showed that the E20-2823CT of the genetype CCG TCM in the gene showed higher net bone weight, carcass meat yield, chest depth, forehoof weight, hind hoof weight (single hoof weight, skin weight, genital fat weight). The kidney fat weight (P < 0.05) E20-3386GA genotype AA and GA) showed higher net bone weight, meat / bone ratio, marbling pattern and kidney fat weight (P < 0.05). This study also silenced the expression of endogenous GPAM gene in bovine fetal fibroblasts and bovine precursor adipocytes via liposome mediated RNA interference vector of bovine GPAM gene in order to verify the effect of GPAM gene on lipid metabolism. The results showed that inhibition of GPAM expression significantly reduced the content of triglyceride in bovine precursor adipocytes and bovine fetal fibroblasts. The results showed that GPAM gene may play a key role in regulating animal fat metabolism.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823

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