吡啶羧酸铬对蛋鸭生长性能及生理生化指标的影响

发布时间：2018-05-22 11:55

本文选题：铬 + 蛋鸭　；参考：《东北农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本试验旨在研究饲粮中不同的铬的添加水平对5-10周龄笼养蛋鸭生长性能及生理生化指标的影响,并对差异显著性指标进行回归分析,通过回归方程确定铬(吡啶羧酸铬)的添加量。试验选取健康、体重接近的28日龄金定蛋鸭180只,依据单因素完全随机分组设计方法,将试验用鸭随机分为5个处理组(I~V组),每组6个重复,每个重复6只试鸭。试验采用玉米—豆粕型基础饲粮,对照组(I组)试鸭饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(II~V组)分别在基础饲粮中添加0.15 mg/Kg、0.30 mg/Kg、0.45 mg/Kg、0.60 mg/Kg铬(吡啶羧酸铬)。试验期为6周(5-10周龄)。在整个试验过程中,每两周称一次体重并记录相应的耗料量,计算每两周的平均日增重、平均日采食量及料重比。试验结束时,从每个重复中选取一只与本重复中平均体重接近的试鸭,称活重并做好记录。然后从其颈静脉采血为测定生化指标备用。取血后将鸭屠宰,分别取其胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊和肝脏等器官待测。生长试验结果:饲粮中添加0.30 mg/Kg的铬(吡啶羧酸铬)能显著提高生长期笼养蛋鸭的平均日增重(P0.05),但对其料重比和日采食量无显著影响(P0.05)。随着铬添加水平的增加,日增重表现出先增加后降低的趋势。适宜铬添加水平对生长期笼养蛋鸭产生了一定影响,过高或过低均不能发挥其最佳的生长性能。免疫器官指数:饲粮中添加0.30 mg/Kg的铬(吡啶羧酸铬)显著提高了生长期笼养蛋鸭的胸腺指数(P0.05),对脾脏指数和法氏囊指数无显著影响(P0.05)。抗氧化指标:饲粮中添加0.30 mg/Kg的铬(吡啶羧酸铬)可显著提高肝脏中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)(P0.05),对血清中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)影响不显著(P0.05),显著提高了肝脏和血清中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)和血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)的活性(P0.05),血清中丙二醛(MDA)的含量也显著性降低(P0.05)。血清生化指标:饲粮中添加0.30 mg/Kg的铬(吡啶羧酸铬)显著提高了血清中葡萄糖(GLU)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)的含量(P0.05),血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)的含量显著降低(P0.05)。血清中尿素氮(BUN)的含量显著降低(P0.05),当饲粮中铬的添加量为0.15 mg/Kg时,其含量最低。血清免疫指标:饲粮中添加0.30 mg/Kg的铬(吡啶羧酸铬)显著提高了血清中Ig G、Ig M和IL-2的含量(P0.05),但对Ig A未产生显著影响(P0.05)。血清激素指标:饲粮中添加0.30 mg/Kg的铬(吡啶羧酸铬)可显著提高血清中生长激素(GH)含量(P0.05),但对胰岛素(Ins)含量影响不显著(P0.05)。通过统计最终试验数据,从机体的生长、免疫、血清生化指标和抗氧化指标等方面分析,可以得出如下结论,给生长期笼养蛋鸭饲喂添加适量铬(吡啶羧酸铬)的玉米—豆粕型基础饲粮可提高蛋鸭的日增重、免疫和抗氧化等功能,对其生长产生了一定的影响。针对显著性指标进行回归分析,通过二次曲线回归方程计算,最终得出铬(吡啶羧酸铬)的适宜添加量为0.297-0.423 mg/Kg。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of different chromium supplementation levels on the growth performance and physiological and biochemical indexes of 5-10 week old cage ducks, and to make regression analysis on the significant difference indexes. The addition of chromium (chromium picolinate) was determined by regression equation. 180 Jinding ducks of 28 days old, which were healthy and close to weight, were selected in the experiment. According to the method of single factor complete random grouping design, the ducks were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups, I. e. V group, 6 replicates in each group and 6 ducks in each replica. The experimental ducks were fed with corn-soybean meal basal diet and control group I, respectively. The experimental group was fed with 0.15mg / kg / kg 0.45mg / kg ~ (0.45) mg / kg ~ (0.60) mg/Kg of chromium pyridine carboxylate in the basal diet, and the experimental group was fed with a basal diet of 0.15 mg / kg ~ (0.30) mg / kg ~ (0.45) mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路g ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1), respectively. The experiment period was 6 weeks and 5 to 10 weeks old. During the whole experiment, the weight was weighed once every two weeks and the corresponding feed consumption was recorded. The average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed weight ratio were calculated every two weeks. At the end of the experiment, one duck with the same average weight as the average weight of the replica was selected from each replica, and the live weight was weighed and recorded. Then the blood collected from its jugular vein was used for the determination of biochemical indexes. The ducks were slaughtered and their thymus, spleen, bursa of Fabricius and liver were collected. The results of growth test showed that the average daily gain (ADG) of caged duck was significantly increased by adding 0.30 mg/Kg chromium to the diet, but there was no significant effect on the feed weight ratio and daily feed intake. With the increase of chromium addition level, daily gain showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The suitable level of chromium supplementation had a certain effect on the growing stage of caged duck, and too high or too low could not give full play to its best growth performance. Immune organ index: the thymus index (P0.05) was significantly increased by adding 0.30 mg/Kg Cr (Chromium pyridyl) to diet, but had no significant effect on spleen index and bursa index of bursa of Fabricius. Antioxidant index: chromium (chromium pyridine carboxylate) added in diet for 0. 30 mg/Kg could significantly increase the total antioxidant capacity of liver (TAOC0. 05), but had no significant effect on the total antioxidant capacity of serum (T- AOC0. 05), and significantly increased the total superoxide in liver and serum. The activity of T-SOD and GSH-PX in serum and the content of malondialdehyde (MDAs) in serum also decreased significantly. Serum biochemical indexes: dietary chromium (Cr) of 0.30 mg/Kg significantly increased the contents of GLU, TP, ALB in serum, and decreased the contents of TCU and TGG in serum. The content of bun (bun) in serum decreased significantly (P 0.05), and the content of Cr was the lowest when the amount of Cr added in diet was 0. 15 mg/Kg. Serum immunological index: chromium (chromium picolinate) supplemented with 0.30 mg/Kg in diet significantly increased the contents of Ig GG M and IL-2 in serum, but had no significant effect on IgA. Serum hormone index: chromium (chromium pyridine carboxylate) added to diet for 0. 30 mg/Kg could significantly increase serum growth hormone (GH) content (P 0. 05%), but had no significant effect on insulin content (P 0. 05%). By analyzing the final test data from the aspects of body growth, immunity, serum biochemical index and antioxidant index, we can draw the following conclusions. The basic corn-soybean meal diet supplemented with proper amount of chromium (chromium pyridyl) in growing cage laying duck could improve the function of daily weight gain, immunity and antioxidation, and had a certain effect on the growth of laying duck. Based on the regression analysis of significant indexes, the optimum addition amount of chromium (chromium pyridyl) is 0.297-0.423 mg / kg through the quadratic regression equation.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S834.5

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