放牧对川西北高寒草甸植物物种丰富度和生物量的影响

发布时间：2018-05-23 17:10

本文选题：放牧强度 + 植物种类　；参考：《草业科学》2017年07期

【摘要】：为确定川西北地区高寒草甸的最佳放牧强度,根据牦牛的采食量和草地地上生物量,设置了轻度(0.71头·hm~(-2))、中度(1.19头·hm~(-2))、重度(1.60头·hm~(-2))3个放牧强度处理,进行连续3年的放牧,测定其对草地植物物种丰富度、地上生物量的影响。结果表明,随着放牧强度的增加,植物物种丰富度呈下降趋势;放牧第3年,中度放牧草地年度地上生物量最高,显著高于其它两处理(P0.05),轻度放牧次之,重度放牧最低;和放牧第1年相比,轻度放牧和中度放牧草地地上生物量中杂类草生物量比例显著减少(P0.05),禾草生物量比例显著增加(P0.05),而重度放牧草地杂类草生物量比例未变,禾草生物量比例显著下降(P0.05),但3个放牧处理中莎草占地上生物量的比例均显著增加(P0.05)。因此,川西北地区高寒草甸的最佳放牧强度为1.19头·hm~(-2),这利于草地高产和优良牧草禾草及莎草的生长。
[Abstract]:In order to determine the optimum grazing intensity of alpine meadow in northwest Sichuan, three grazing intensity treatments, I. e., 0.71 heads of milder hmelminth, 1.19 head of moderate hmechne and 1.60 head of heavy chlamydipine, were set up according to the feed intake of yak and the aboveground biomass of grassland. The grazing was carried out for 3 consecutive years. Its effects on species richness and aboveground biomass of grassland plants were determined. The results showed that the plant species richness decreased with the increase of grazing intensity, and in the third year, the annual aboveground biomass of moderate grazing grassland was the highest, which was significantly higher than that of the other two treatments (P0.05), followed by light grazing, and the lowest in heavy grazing. Compared with the first year of grazing, the proportion of the aboveground biomass of grass in light grazing and moderate grazing grassland decreased significantly (P 0.05), the proportion of grass biomass increased significantly (P 0.05), but the proportion of hybrid grass biomass in heavy grazing grassland did not change. The biomass ratio of grasses decreased significantly (P 0.05N), but the proportion of biomass in three grazing treatments increased significantly (P 0.05). Therefore, the optimum grazing intensity of alpine meadow in northwest Sichuan is 1.19 heads of hmmc-2, which is beneficial to the high yield of grassland and the growth of fine forage grasses and seagrass.
【作者单位】：四川省草原科学研究院;西北农林科技大学动物科技学院;
【基金】：农业部公益性行业科研专项“青藏高原社区饲草增产增效关键技术”(201203007)
【分类号】：S812.8

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