发酵杜仲叶粉对蛋鸡生产性能、脂质代谢及免疫功能的影响

发布时间：2018-05-24 00:35

本文选题：发酵杜仲叶粉 + 蛋鸡　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：利用生物资源作为保健型绿色饲料添加剂,对保障畜牧业可持续发展具有重要现实意义。本研究将西北地区资源丰富的经乳酸菌发酵处理杜仲叶粉作为饲料添加剂,探索其对蛋鸡产蛋性能、脂质代谢及免疫功能的影响,为实践提供依据。试验选取720只体重相近、健康的23周龄海兰(褐)蛋鸡,采用单因素完全随机试验设计,随机等分为4个处理,每处理6个重复,每重复30只鸡。I组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;试验Ⅱ-Ⅳ组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.1%、0.3%、0.5%发酵杜仲叶粉。试期8周。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加发酵杜仲叶粉能显著提高蛋鸡的产蛋率(P0.05),以0.3%发酵杜仲叶粉组的效果较优,比对照组提高了2.7%;0.5%发酵杜仲叶粉组可显著增加平均蛋重(P0.05),比对照组提高了0.6%;0.3%、0.5%发酵杜仲叶粉组可显著降低料蛋比(P0.05),以0.3%发酵杜仲叶粉组的料蛋比最低,比对照组降低了2.1%。2)饲粮中添加发酵杜仲叶粉能显著降低蛋黄胆固醇含量(P0.05),其中以0.5%发酵杜仲叶粉组的蛋黄胆固醇最低,比对照组降低20.5%;饲粮添加发酵杜仲叶粉对蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度、蛋形指数、蛋白高度、哈氏单位、蛋黄色泽影响均不显著(P0.05)。3)饲粮添加发酵杜仲叶粉可显著降低蛋鸡血液总胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG),低密度脂蛋白(LDL)的含量(P0.05),显著增加血液中高密度脂蛋白的含量(P0.05)。其中,以0.3%发酵杜仲叶粉组的血液总TC含量最低,比对照组降低34%,(P0.05)血液总TG、LDL最低,分别比对照组降低27.6%,22.0%;以0.5%发酵杜仲叶粉组的血液HDL最高,比对照组提高22.0%。4)饲粮添加不同剂量发酵杜仲叶粉对蛋鸡血清H9禽流感抗体滴度均有不同程度的影响,可以延缓禽流感抗体的消长,且这种影响程度随着试验期的延长愈加明显。试期第1-2周,饲粮添加发酵杜仲叶粉对蛋鸡血清禽流感抗体滴度影响不显著(P0.05)。而试期4周,饲粮添加0.5%发酵杜仲叶粉显著提高蛋鸡血清禽流感抗体滴度(P0.05),比对照组提高10.53%;试期第8周:饲粮添加发酵杜仲叶粉均能显著提高蛋鸡血清禽流感抗体滴度(P0.05),其中0.3%组、0.5%组均比对照组提高13.76%。5)饲粮添加发酵杜仲叶粉对蛋鸡血清免疫球蛋白A水平影响不显著(P0.05),但能显著提高蛋鸡血清免疫球蛋白G和M的水平(P0.05),其中以0.3%和0.5%处理组效果较优,且2种剂量组间效应差异不显著(P0.05),但均与0.1%发酵杜仲叶粉处理组效果差异显著(P0.05)6)与对照组比,饲粮添加发酵杜仲叶粉显著提高了肝脏APO-A1的基因表达量(P0.05)。各处理组内,随浓度升高肝脏APO-A1 mRNA表达量呈现先升高后降低的趋势,以0.3%组表达量最高;饲粮添加发酵杜仲叶粉显著提高脾脏IFN-γ的基因表达量(P0.05)。各处理组内,随浓度升高脾脏IFN-γ表达量呈现逐渐降低的趋势,以0.1%组表达量最高。综上所述,饲粮添加发酵杜仲叶粉能够改善蛋鸡生产性能、降低鸡蛋胆固醇含量,调节血液脂肪代谢,增强蛋鸡免疫功能,提高mRNA表达量。在本试验条件下,饲粮添加0.3%发酵杜仲叶粉的比较效果较优。
[Abstract]:The use of biological resources as a health-care green feed additive is of great practical significance for ensuring the sustainable development of animal husbandry. This study deals with the fermentation of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, rich in lactic acid bacteria in Northwest China as feed additive, to explore the effects on laying performance, lipid metabolism and immune function of laying hens, and to provide the basis for practice. 720 similar and healthy 23 week old sea blue (brown) laying hens were selected and divided into 4 treatments by single factor complete random test, 6 repetitions per treatment, 30 chicken.I groups as the control group, and the basal diet was fed. The test II - IV group added 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5% to the basal diet for 8 weeks. The results were as follows: 1) adding fermented eucommia leaf powder in the diet significantly increased the egg laying rate (P0.05). The effect of 0.3% fermented Eucommia leaves powder was better than that of the control group by 2.7%. 0.5% fermented eucommia leaf powder could significantly increase the average egg weight (P0.05), 0.6% higher than the control group; 0.3%, 0.5% fermented eucommia leaf powder could significantly reduce the ratio of egg to egg. (P0.05) in the 0.3% fermented Eucommia leaves, the ratio of egg to egg was the lowest and the control group was lower 2.1%.2). The addition of fermented eucommia leaf powder in the diet significantly reduced the cholesterol content of yolk (P0.05), and the yolk cholesterol of the 0.5% fermented eucommia leaf powder was the lowest and 20.5% lower than that of the control group. Degree, egg shape index, protein height, hah's unit, and yolk color were not significantly affected (P0.05).3) diet supplemented with fermented Eucommia leaves powder significantly reduced the blood total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) content (P0.05), and significantly increased the content of high density lipoprotein (P0.05) in the blood (P0.05). Among them, 0.3% fermented Eucommia leaves were fermented. The total TC content of the blood in the powder group was the lowest, which was 34% lower than the control group. (P0.05) the blood total TG and LDL were lowest, which were 27.6% and 22% lower than the control group, respectively. The blood HDL of the 0.5% fermented Eucommia leaves group was higher than the control group, and the content of Eucommia ulmoides leaves with different doses of fermented Eucommia ulmoides was different to the level of the antibody titer of H9 avian influenza antibody in the sera of the laying hens. The effect of feeding on the antibody titer of avian influenza was not significant (P0.05) at the 1-2 week of the trial period (P). The diet supplemented with 0.5% fermented Eucommia secondary leaf powder significantly increased the titer of avian influenza antibody titer in the chicken serum (P 0.05) 10.53% higher than the control group; eighth weeks of trial period: Adding Fermented Eucommia ulmoides leaf powder can significantly increase the titer of avian influenza antibody titer (P0.05), among which 0.3% groups, 0.5% groups were higher than the control group 13.76%.5), the effect of supplementation of fermented eucommia leaf powder on the serum immunoglobulin A level of laying hens was not significant (P0.05), but it could significantly improve the egg laying hens. The level of serum immunoglobulin G and M (P0.05), among which 0.3% and 0.5% treatment groups were better, and there was no significant difference between the 2 dosage groups (P0.05), but the difference was significantly different from that of the 0.1% fermented eucommia leaf powder treatment group (P0.05) 6) compared with the control group, the diet supplemented with eucommia eucommia leaf powder significantly increased the gene expression of APO-A1 in the liver (P0.05). In each treatment group, the expression of APO-A1 mRNA in the liver increased and then decreased with the increase of concentration. The expression of 0.3% groups was the highest, and the gene expression of spleen IFN- gamma was significantly increased by adding fermented eucommia leaf powder in the diet (P0.05). In each treatment group, the amount of IFN- gamma in the spleen increased gradually with the increase of concentration, and the expression of the spleen was the most expressed in the 0.1% groups. To sum up, adding fermented eucommia leaf powder in the diet can improve the performance of the laying hens, reduce the cholesterol content of eggs, regulate the metabolism of blood fat, enhance the immune function of the laying hens and increase the expression of mRNA. In this experiment, the effect of adding 0.3% fermented eucommia leaf powder on the diet is better.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831.5

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