体外法研究橡胶籽油及其与丝兰皂苷组合对瘤胃发酵和脂肪酸氢化的影响

发布时间：2018-05-24 15:48

本文选题：橡胶籽油 + 丝兰皂苷　；参考：《新疆农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在日粮中添加适量的植物油是有效改善反刍动物肉和乳产品中不饱和脂肪酸含量(unsaturated fatty acids,UFA)的有效途径,然而,油脂对瘤胃发酵有一定的负面作用。因此,寻找既能降低脂肪酸氢化又能促进瘤胃发酵的组合很重要,关于橡胶籽油(rubber seed oil,RO)在瘤胃发酵和脂肪酸氢化方面的研究极少,且有研究表明,丝兰皂苷(Yucca Schidigera,YS)是一种潜在的瘤胃发酵调控剂。因此,本试验研究RO及其与YS组合对瘤胃发酵和脂肪酸氢化的影响。具体内容分为以下3个试验。试验一:体外法研究RO对瘤胃发酵和脂肪酸氢化的影响试验采用随机试验设计,选用处于泌乳期的3头装有瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛为瘤胃液供体,0.5 g基础日粮(total mixed ration,TMR)为发酵底物,分别添加0、1、2、3和4%DM的RO,且各个处理设置4个平行。发酵结束后测定发酵0、12和24 h的pH、NH3-N、体外干物质降解率(in vitro dry matter digestibility,IVDMD)、中性洗涤纤维降解率(neutral detergent fiber degradation,DNDF)和酸性洗涤纤维降解率(acid detergent fiber degradation,DADF)以及24 h产气量(gas production,GP24)、挥发性脂肪酸(volatile fatty acids,VFA)和脂肪酸(fatty acids,FA)。研究结果表明:添加不同剂量的RO并未对GP24、pH、NH3-N、总脂肪酸(total volatile fatty acids,TVFA)、IVDMD、DNDF和DADF的产生显著影响,随着添加剂量的增加,DNDF有呈线性降低的趋势(P0.1);随着RO添加剂量的增加,C16:1、t9C18:1、c9c12C18:2、c9t11CLA、t10c12CLA、C22:2和总脂肪酸显著增加(P0.05),t11C18:1、c9C18:1和C18:3含量极显著增加(P0.001)。由此可见,体外发酵情况下,RO并没有影响瘤胃发酵,提高了t11C18:1、c9t11CLA、t10c12CLA等PUFA的浓度。试验二:体外法研究YS对瘤胃发酵的影响试验采用随机试验设计,选用处于泌乳期的3头装有瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛为瘤胃液供体,0.5 g TMR为发酵底物,分别添加0、0.5、2.5、12.5和62.5 mg(即0、1、5、25和125 g/kg TMR)的YS,以及25 mL瘤胃液和50 m L缓冲液,且各个处理设置6个平行,通过AGRS-III在39℃条件下进行30 h体外发酵;批次培养试验以0.5 g TMR作为发酵底物,分别添加0、0.5、2.5、12.5、62.5 mg的YS,39℃条件下体外培养30 h,所有处理均设6个平行。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,25和125 g/kg剂量组显著提高了总产气量GP30(P0.05)和理论产气量(A)(P0.05);(2)25和125 g/kg剂量组的IVDMD、DNDF、DADF均显著提高(P0.05),NH3-N浓度显著降低(P0.05);(3)25和125 g/kg剂量组显著提高体外连续培养30 h发酵液乙酸、丙酸和TVFA浓度(P0.05)。由此可见,体外发酵情况下,YS能够促进瘤胃发酵。试验三:体外法研究RO和YS组合对瘤胃发酵和脂肪酸氢化的影响选取处于泌乳期且装有瘤胃瘘管的3头荷斯坦奶牛为瘤胃液来源,0.5 g TMR为试验发酵的底物,分别添加1%DM RO+12.5 mg YS、2%DM RO+12.5 mg YS、3%DM RO+12.5 mg YS、4%DM RO+12.5 mg YS,同时设不添加RO和YS组,为空白对照组。向每个发酵瓶中加入25 m L瘤胃液和50 mL缓冲液,每个处理设4个平行,于AGRS-III微生物发酵微量产气自动记录仪,39℃条件下培养0、12和24 h。结果表明,RO和YS组合对瘤胃体外发酵GP24、pH、NH3-N、TVFA、IVDMD、DNDF、DADF以及FA。由此可见,体外发酵情况下,RO和YS组合并没有对瘤胃发酵和脂肪酸氢化产生显著影响。综上所述,在体外发酵情况下,RO对瘤胃发酵为产生显著影响,提高t11C18:1、c9t11CLA、t10c12CLA的含量,RO与YS组合后对瘤胃发酵和FA组成无显著影响。
[Abstract]:Adding a proper amount of vegetable oil to the diet is an effective way to improve the unsaturated fatty acid content (unsaturated fatty acids, UFA) in ruminant meat and milk products. However, oil has a certain negative effect on rumen fermentation. Therefore, it is important to find a combination that can not only reduce the hydrogenation of fatty acids but also promote the rumen fermentation. The study of rubber seed oil (RO) in rumen fermentation and fatty acid hydrogenation is rare, and studies have shown that Yucca Schidigera (YS) is a potential regulator of rumen fermentation. Therefore, this experiment studies the effects of RO and its combination with YS on rumen fermentation and fatty acid hydrogenation. The specific contents are divided into 3 experiments. 1: the effect of RO on rumen fermentation and fatty acid hydrogenation in vitro was designed randomly. 3 Holstein cows with rumen fistula in lactation period were selected as the donor body of the tumor gastric juice, and the 0.5 g basal diet (total mixed ration, TMR) was used as the fermentation substrate, and RO of 0,1,2,3 and 4%DM were added respectively, and each treatment was set up 4 parallel. After fermentation, pH, NH3-N, degradation rate of dry matter (in vitro dry matter digestibility, IVDMD), degradation rate of neutral detergent fiber (neutral detergent), acid washing fiber degradation rate, and acid washing fiber degradation rate were determined by the fermentation of 0,12 and 24 h. Volatile fatty acids (VFA) and fatty acids (fatty acids, FA). The results showed that the addition of different doses of RO did not have a significant effect on GP24, pH, NH3-N, and total fatty acids. C16:1, t9C18:1, c9c12C18:2, c9t11CLA, t10c12CLA, C22:2 and total fatty acids increased significantly (P0.05), t11C18:1, c9C18:1 and C18:3 content increased significantly (P0.001). Thus, RO did not affect the fermentation of the rumen under the condition of fermentation in vitro. The effect of YS on rumen fermentation was designed by random test. 3 Holstein cows with rumen fistula in lactation period were selected as donor body and 0.5 g TMR were used as fermentation substrates. 0,0.5,2.5,12.5 and 62.5 Mg (0,1,5,25 and 125 g/kg TMR) were added respectively, respectively, and 25 mL tumor gastric juice and 50 m L buffer, and 6 treatments were set up 6. In parallel, 30 h fermentation was carried out under the condition of AGRS-III at 39 C. The batch culture test took 0.5 g TMR as the fermentation substrate, adding YS of 0,0.5,2.5,12.5,62.5 mg and 30 h in vitro at 39 C. All treatments were set up 6 parallel. The results showed that: (1) the total gas yield GP was significantly increased by the 25 and 125 g/kg dose group compared with the control group. 30 (P0.05) and theoretical gas production (A) (P0.05); (2) IVDMD, DNDF, DADF in 25 and 125 g/kg dose groups significantly increased (P0.05), NH3-N concentration decreased significantly (P0.05); (3) 25 and 125 g/kg dose groups significantly increased the continuous culture of 30 h fermentation broth acetic acid, propionic acid and concentration in vitro. Thus, the fermentation in vitro could promote the fermentation of the rumen. Experiment three: in vitro, the effects of RO and YS combination on rumen fermentation and fatty acid hydrogenation were studied by selecting 3 Holstein cows with lactation and rumen fistula as the source of rumen solution, and 0.5 g TMR as the substrate for the test fermentation, and 1%DM RO+12.5 mg YS, 2%DM RO+12.5 mg YS. Adding 25 m L tumor gastric juice and 50 mL buffer solution to each fermentation bottle with 25 m L tumor gastric juice and 50 mL buffer solution in each fermentation bottle. The microorganism fermentation instrument was fermented by AGRS-III microorganism. The results of 0,12 and 24 h. under the condition of 39 C showed that RO and YS combinations were GP24 in the rumen fermentation. Thus, in vitro fermentation, the combination of RO and YS did not have a significant effect on rumen fermentation and fatty acid hydrogenation. In the case of fermentation in vitro, RO had a significant effect on rumen fermentation, increased the content of t11C18:1, c9t11CLA, t10c12CLA, and there was no significant effect on the rumen fermentation and FA composition after the combination of RO and YS.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S816

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