解淀粉芽孢杆菌复合菌剂对玉米秸秆的降解作用及表征

发布时间：2018-05-29 15:41

本文选题：解淀粉芽孢杆菌 + 复合菌剂　；参考：《草业学报》2017年06期

【摘要】：为获得能提高秸秆饲草品质的微生物发酵菌剂,本研究在前期获得2株具有木质素和纤维素降解能力的解淀粉芽孢杆菌菌株的基础上,将两者混配成复合菌剂,考察复合菌剂对玉米秸秆的降解作用,并通过傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振氢谱(1 H-NMR)、扫描电镜(SEM)及气质联用色谱(GC/MS)等技术对玉米秸秆的微观结构及降解产物进行表征。研究发现,复合菌剂可以有效降解玉米秸秆中的木质纤维素。在发酵24d时,玉米秸秆中木质素、纤维素和半纤维素的降解率分别达到48.4%,30.5%和41.4%。FTIR和1 H-NMR谱图中能观察到木质纤维素分子结构中主要连接共价键,如木质素单体间的β-O-4和β-β键、木质素与碳水化合物连接键以及碳水化合物中糖环内的价键等明显断裂,木质纤维素被部分降解;SEM扫描电镜图则显示发酵后秸秆的组织结构出现松散和破坏。发酵后秸秆中小分子物质的GC/MS分析结果显示,其中包含苯丙胺和苯丙酸等保留苯丙烷结构单元的木质素单体衍生物以及苄醇和苯甲酸酯类等木质素单体被进一步降解后的芳香族化合物。玉米秸秆中碳水化合物的GC/MS分析结果表明:复合菌剂可将玉米秸秆中的结构性多糖等大分子碳水化合物降解成葡萄糖、木糖、甘露糖及乳糖等还原性单糖。并利用这些还原性单糖生长代谢,进一步产生乙二醇、丙三醇及短链脂肪酸类等代谢产物。以上研究结果表明,解淀粉芽孢杆菌复合菌剂可有效降解玉米秸秆中的木质纤维素,在玉米秸秆饲草化利用中极具应用前景。
[Abstract]:In order to obtain the microbial fermentation agent which can improve the quality of straw forage, 2 strains of Bacillus amylomens with lignin and cellulose degradation ability were obtained in this study, and mixed into a compound bactericide to investigate the degradation of Maize Straw by compound bacteria, and the Fu Liye infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used. The microstructures and degradation products of corn straw were characterized by vibration hydrogen spectrum (1 H-NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and GC-MS (GC/MS). It was found that the compound microbial agent could effectively degrade the lignocellulose in corn straw. The degradation rate of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose in corn straw reached 48 when 24D was fermented. .4%, 30.5% and 41.4%.FTIR and 1 H-NMR spectra can observe the main covalent bonds in the lignocellulose molecular structure, such as beta -O-4 and beta bond between lignin monomers, lignin and carbohydrate bonds and the valence bonds in carbohydrates, and lignocellulose are partially degraded; SEM scanning electron microscopy shows that the lignocellulose is partially degraded. After fermentation, the structure of the straw was loosed and destroyed. After fermentation, the GC/MS analysis of the small molecular substances of straw showed that the lignin monomer, benzyl alcohol and benzoate, which contained phenylpropanamine and phenylpropanoic acid, and benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid esters were further degraded. GC/MS analysis of carbohydrates in straw shows that the compound microbial agent can degrade large molecular carbohydrates, such as structural polysaccharides in corn straw, into glucose, xylose, mannose and lactose, and make use of these reductive monosaccharide growth and metabolism to produce a further production of ethylene glycol, glycerin and short chain fatty acids. The results of the above study show that the solution of Bacillus amyloses compound bacteria can effectively degrade the lignocellulose of corn straw, and has a great application prospect in the forage utilization of corn straw.
【作者单位】：河北农业大学生命科学学院;
【基金】：河北省科技支撑计划项目(12226605) 河北省教育厅科学技术研究项目(2011232)资助
【分类号】：S816

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