马传贫病毒弱毒疫苗免疫马匹后中和抗体变化规律研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 16:17

本文选题：马传贫病毒 + 弱毒疫苗　；参考：《内蒙古农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪70年代,哈尔滨兽医研究所研制成功的马传染性贫血病毒(Equine Infectious Anemia Virus,EIAV)弱毒疫苗为控制马传染性贫血(Equine Infectious Anemia,EIA)在我国的流行做出了重要的贡献。该疫苗克服了慢病毒疫苗的开发难点,能在被免疫动物体内产生坚强的保护性免疫,是迄今为止唯一广泛应用并证明确实有效的慢病毒疫苗。为研究马传贫病毒(EIAV)弱毒疫苗的免疫保护机制,本研究将疫苗株EIAVDLV121免疫接种3匹马,免疫后6个月时接种强毒株EIAVLN40,继续观察3个月,整个过程中对实验马匹体温、血小板和血浆病毒载量进行检测。临床结果显示EIAVDLV121免疫马均未出现临床症状,且未死亡,达到了100 保护率;而对照组未免疫马接种等量EIAVLN40后均出现典型的EIA临床症状,并死亡。为测定EIAV弱毒疫苗免疫马匹后中和抗体的动态变化,本研究通过EIAV-ENV假病毒检测系统测定EIAVDLV121免疫马后6个月内中和抗体的滴度,结果显示随着接种时间的增加,中和抗体的滴度也随之升高,这提示疫苗能够提供免疫保护可能与其诱导产生的中和抗体成熟相关。此外,本研究显示未免疫马攻毒后会产生以肝和脾严重变性、坏死为主要特征的病理变化,而疫苗免疫马攻毒后没有明显病理变化;同时,对疫苗免疫马和未免疫马攻毒后各组织病毒载量的进行测定,结果显示未免疫马攻毒后组织病毒载量高达9 591 240 RNAcopy/μg,而疫苗免疫马各组织病毒含量极低(范围在0～148 RNA copy/μg 之间)。本研究表明疫苗能够有效的保护机体免受强毒株的感染,而且中和抗体可能与免疫成熟、病毒载量和临床病理变化均相关。
[Abstract]:In the 1970s, the attenuated equine Infectious Anemia virus (EIAV) vaccine developed by Harbin Veterinary Research Institute (Harbin Veterinary Research Institute) made a great contribution to the control of equine Infectious Anemiahe virus (EIAV) in China. The vaccine overcomes the difficulties in the development of lentivirus vaccine and can produce strong protective immunity in immunized animals. It is the only lentivirus vaccine that has been widely used so far and proved to be effective. In order to study the immune protection mechanism of attenuated equine-borne virus (EIAV) vaccine, three horses were inoculated with the vaccine strain EIAVDLV121, and the virulent strain EIAVLN40 was inoculated at 6 months after immunization. The body temperature of the experimental horses was observed for 3 months. Platelet and plasma viral loads were detected. The clinical results showed that none of the horses immunized with EIAVDLV121 had any clinical symptoms and no death, and the protective rate reached 100, while in the control group, the typical clinical symptoms of EIA appeared and died after inoculation of the same amount of EIAVLN40. In order to determine the dynamic changes of neutralizing antibodies in horses immunized with EIAV attenuated vaccine, the titers of neutralizing antibodies were determined by EIAV-ENV pseudovirus detection system within 6 months after inoculation with EIAVDLV121. The results showed that the titers of neutralizing antibodies increased with the increase of inoculation time. The titer of neutralizing antibody also increased, which suggested that the immune protection provided by vaccine might be related to the maturation of neutralizing antibody induced by neutralizing antibody. In addition, this study showed that unimmunized horses attack with severe degeneration and necrosis of the liver and spleen as the main characteristics of pathological changes, but vaccine inoculated horses did not have significant pathological changes; at the same time, The viral load in the tissues of vaccine-immunized and unimmunized horses was determined. The results showed that the viral load of unvaccinated horses was up to 9,591,240 RNAcopy/ 渭 g, while the viral content of vaccine-immunized horses was very low (ranging from 0 to 148 RNA copy/ 渭 g). This study shows that the vaccine can effectively protect the body from the infection of virulent strains, and neutralizing antibodies may be related to immune maturation, viral load and clinicopathological changes.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S858.21

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