不同限饲方法对爱拔益加肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及骨骼性状的影响

发布时间：2018-06-03 20:29

本文选题：料量限饲 + 能量限饲　；参考：《动物营养学报》2017年09期

【摘要】：本试验旨在研究不同限饲方法对爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及骨骼性状的影响。试验选用80只7日龄的AA肉鸡,随机分成4组:对照组、料量限饲组、能量限饲组和蛋白质限饲组,每组20只鸡。限饲14d(21日龄)、补偿生长21d(42日龄)后每组分别屠宰8只,取其胸肌、腿肌、腹脂、心脏、肝脏、脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊、骨骼等组织并称重,以及测量骨骼的长度和直径。结果表明:1)限饲后,3个限饲组肉鸡的平均日增重显著低于对照组(P0.05)。补偿生长后,各组肉鸡的平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比均差异不显著(P0.05),但料量限饲组末重显著低于对照组(P0.05)。2)限饲后,料量限饲组肉鸡的全净膛率、半净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率和腹脂率显著低于对照组(P0.05),料量限饲组、能量限饲组肉鸡的腹脂率显著低于蛋白质限饲组和对照组(P0.05)。补偿生长后,各组肉鸡的胸肌率和腿肌率均无显著差异(P0.05),但料量限饲组肉鸡的腹脂率显著高于对照组(P0.05)。3)限饲后,蛋白质限饲组肉鸡的肝脏指数显著高于其他3组(P0.05),料量限饲组肉鸡的胰脏指数显著高于其他3组(P0.05);对照组脾脏指数显著高于其他3组(P0.05)。补偿生长后,各组肉鸡的心脏指数、肝脏指数、胰脏指数、脾脏指数、胸腺指数和法氏囊指数均无显著差异(P0.05)。4)限饲后,料量限饲组肉鸡的胫骨重、胫骨长、胫骨直径、股骨重和股骨长显著低于其他3组(P0.05),料量限饲组、能量限饲组肉鸡的股骨直径显著低于对照组和蛋白质限饲组(P0.05)。补偿生长后,各组肉鸡的胫骨重、胫骨长、胫骨直径、股骨重、股骨长和股骨直径均无显著差异(P0.05)。由此可见,3种限饲方法均降低了AA肉鸡的平均日增重和部分骨骼性状指标,其中料量限饲法对肉鸡平均日增重和骨骼性状影响最大。经过21d的补偿生长后,3种个限饲组均表现出补偿生长效应,骨骼性状无显著变化,但料量限饲法会降低肉鸡全期的平均日增重和末重,建议生产中慎用料量限饲法。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of different feeding restriction methods on growth performance, slaughter performance and bone traits of Aiba Yijia AAA broilers. 80 AA broilers aged 7 days were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, feed restriction group, energy restriction group and protein restriction group, with 20 chickens in each group. Eight rats were slaughtered in each group after feeding 14d(21 for days (compensatory growth day). The tissues of pectoralis muscle, leg muscle, abdominal fat, heart, liver, spleen, thymus, bursa of Fabricius and bone were weighed, and the length and diameter of bone were measured. The results showed that the average daily gain (ADG) of the three groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P 0.05). After compensatory growth, there was no significant difference in average daily intake, average daily gain and feed weight ratio among the three groups, but the end weight of the feed restriction group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P0.05 路2). The percentage of leg muscle and abdominal fat was significantly lower than that of the control group (P 0.05), and that of the group fed with energy was significantly lower than that of the group fed with protein and the control group (P 0.05). After compensatory growth, there was no significant difference in pectoralis rate and leg muscle rate among the three groups, but the abdominal fat rate of the broilers in the feed restriction group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.05 路3). The liver index of the broilers fed with protein was significantly higher than that of the other three groups, the pancreatic index of the broilers in the feed restriction group was significantly higher than that in the other three groups, and the spleen index in the control group was significantly higher than that in the other three groups. After compensatory growth, there was no significant difference in heart index, liver index, pancreas index, spleen index, thymus index and bursa of Fabricius index between groups. The femoral weight and length of femur were significantly lower than those of the other three groups (P 0.05). The femur diameter in the energy restriction group was significantly lower than that in the control group and the protein limited feeding group (P 0.05), while that in the energy limited feeding group was significantly lower than that in the other three groups. After compensatory growth, there was no significant difference in tibia weight, tibia length, tibia diameter, femur weight, femur length and femoral diameter in each group. It can be seen that the average daily gain and some bone traits of AA broilers were reduced by the three methods, among which the feed restriction method had the greatest effect on the average daily gain and bone traits of the broilers. After 21 days of compensatory growth, all the three groups showed compensatory growth effect, but no significant change in bone traits. However, the feed restriction method could reduce the average daily gain and end weight of broilers during the whole period. It was suggested that the method of feed restriction should be used with caution in production.
【作者单位】：河南农业大学饲料营养河南省工程实验室河南农业大学国家家养动物种质资源平台;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31372329)
【分类号】：S831.5

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