利用禾草隔离技术防控鼢鼠危害豆科人工草地的研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 21:27

本文选题：豆科牧草 + 禾草　；参考：《草地学报》2017年01期

【摘要】：豆科牧草来源匮乏始终是制约高寒牧区畜牧业发展的短板之一。除了天然草地资源本身的限制以外,豆科牧草人工草地的建植也存在诸多限制因素,其中一个重要的限制因素就是鼢鼠(Myospalax)危害。研究表明,鼢鼠对豆科等轴根系植物具有强烈的采食偏向性,而对禾本科等须根系植物则表现为相对冷淡。据此,本研究采用在豆科草地外围种植禾本科草隔离带的方式,从草种选择、隔离带宽度、种植方式等技术环节对此种方法的有效性和技术要点进行了探索。结果表明:禾草隔离技术是防控豆科人工草地鼢鼠危害的有效方法,平均可减少危害量82.4%以上;一年生禾草的隔离效果明显优于多年生禾草(P0.01),短期多年生禾草明显优于长期多年生禾草(P0.01);隔离带宽度应控制在3~5m之间;豆科草地建植当年以一年生、短期多年生和长期多年生混播隔离带效果最佳。
[Abstract]:The shortage of legume forage has always been one of the constraints to the development of animal husbandry in alpine pastoral areas. In addition to the limitation of natural grassland resources, there are also many limiting factors in the establishment of leguminous grass artificial grassland, one of which is the harm of Myospalax zokospalax. The results showed that the zokor had a strong feeding bias to the legume iso-axial root plants, but it was relatively cold to the gramineous root plants. Based on this, the effectiveness and technical essentials of this method were explored from the selection of grass species, the width of the separation zone, the planting method and other technical links, using the method of planting grass in the periphery of legume grassland. The results showed that the technique of grass isolation was an effective method to control the damage of legume artificial grassland zokor, and the average amount of damage could be reduced by more than 82.4%. The isolation effect of annual grasses was obviously better than that of perennial grasses, and that of short-term perennial grasses was obviously superior to that of long-term perennial grasses P0.01.The width of the separation zone should be controlled between 3cm and 5m; Short-term perennial and long-term perennial mixed seeding the best effect.
【作者单位】：兰州大学草地农业科技学院草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203041)资助
【分类号】：S812.6

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