内蒙古温带草地植物多样性，群落结构组成及地上生产力的时间动态

发布时间：2018-06-05 17:09

本文选题：温带草地 + 物种丰富度　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为生态学研究的重要内容,植物多样性与生产力关系的时空动态,群落组成动态变化以及物种周转的研究备受关注。我们在2012-2015年对前期(2007年)在内蒙古不同草原区定位标记的23个草地群落进行了重采样调查,拟分析不同的草地植物群落组成、以及植物多样性的动态变化及其对植被生产力的影响,主要研究结果表明：(1)地上生产力(ANPP)具有较大的年际间变异(CVANPP=42.9%),而植物多样性的变异较小,且荒漠草原的年际间变异比典型草原和草甸草原偏高。在空间尺度上,地上生产力(ANPP)-多样性(SR,H’)之间表现为显著正相关关系,而与均匀度指数(J)无关,空间上的ANPP-SR正相关关系在不同年份变化不大。(2)对植物群落功能群组成随时间的变化研究结果表明：不同草地中C3、C4植物的贡献存在差异,不同年份,C3植物对草地生产力的贡献平均在50%之上,高于C4植物；C3植物物种丰富度是C4植物的2-4倍之多。功能群相对生物量比重表现为多年生禾草多年生杂类草一、二年生植物灌木/半灌木,但生物量变异却完全相反,灌木/半灌木一、二年生植物多年生杂类草多年生禾草。生长季温度降水对各功能群相对生物量(除一、二年生植物外)无显著影响,但多年生禾草与杂类草的物种丰富度与生长季降水呈正相关,与生长季温度呈负相关。一、二年生植物随时间波动最大,其相对生物量与生长季降水负相关。(3)对物种周转的年际间变化研究结果表明：三种草地类型物种增长率,物种丢失率和物种周转率无显著差异；物种周转率年际间无明显差异；物种周转率随着物种丰富度的增加而增加；气候调节物种周转是通过提高物种增长率,降低物种丢失率来实现的。
[Abstract]:As an important part of ecological research, the research on the relationship between plant diversity and productivity, community composition and species turnover has attracted much attention. We conducted a resampling survey of 23 grassland communities located in different grassland regions in Inner Mongolia from 2012 to 2015 to analyze the composition of different grassland plant communities. As well as the dynamic change of plant diversity and its effect on vegetation productivity, the main results showed that the aboveground productivity (ANPP) had a large interannual variation (CVANPP), but the variation of plant diversity was relatively small. The interannual variation of desert steppe is higher than that of typical grassland and meadow grassland. On spatial scale, there was a significant positive correlation between aboveground productivity (ANPP) and diversity (SRH), but no correlation with evenness index (J). The positive correlation of ANPP-SR in space changed little in different years. The results showed that the contribution of C3C4 plants in different grassland was different. The average contribution of C _ 3 plants to grassland productivity in different years was above 50%, higher than that of C _ 3 plant species richness of C _ 4 plants was 2-4 times as much as that of C _ 4 plants. The relative biomass proportion of the functional group was as follows: perennial grasses, biennial plant shrubs / subshrubs, but the biomass variation was completely opposite, shrub / semi-shrub, biennial perennial hybrid perennial grasses. However, the species richness of perennial grasses and hybrid grasses was positively correlated with the precipitation in growing season and negatively correlated with the growth season temperature. The interannual variation of the relative biomass and precipitation in growing season was negative correlation. The results showed that the growth rate of species in three grassland types was higher than that in the other three grassland types, and the interannual variation of species turnover was negative correlation between the relative biomass and precipitation in growing season. There was no significant difference in species loss rate and species turnover rate; there was no significant difference in species turnover rate between years; species turnover rate increased with the increase of species richness; species turnover was regulated by increasing species growth rate. This is achieved by reducing the rate of loss of species.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S812

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