早期断奶对哈萨克羔羊生长性能及胃肠道发育的影响

发布时间：2018-06-26 22:37

本文选题：哈萨克羔羊 + 早期断奶　；参考：《石河子大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文主要以早期断奶的哈萨克羔羊为研究对象,通过对其生长性能、血液生化指标、屠宰性能、器官发育、肉品质和胃肠道组织形态学的测定,同时结合早期断奶对产后母羊体况恢复及激素水平影响的检测,以迄得到一个适宜本地区羔羊养殖的推广模式。试验按照羔羊出生日龄基本一致、体重(5.75±0.54kg)接近、性别一致(♂)、以及母羊产羔胎次一致的原则,将40只哈萨克羔羊随机分成4组,分别记为30 d断奶组、38 d断奶组、45 d断奶组和对照组,对早期断奶组羔羊饲喂相同的代乳料,对照组随母哺乳。然后进行了以下研究:(1)分别在羔羊30、38、45和60日龄时进行体重、体高、体长和胸围的测定。于60日龄晨饲前进行采血,测定其血液生化指标;(2)60日龄时从30 d、38 d、45 d和对照组中各选择出5只体重相近的羔羊,育肥至90 d进行屠宰,分析早期断奶对其屠宰性能、器官发育和肉品质的影响。(3)通过对瘤胃乳头长度、乳头密度、小肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度的测量,分析早期断奶对羔羊胃肠道组织形态学的影响。(4)从30 d、38 d、45 d和对照组中各选择出5只体重相近的产后母羊,观察其在产后、产后一个月和产后两个月时的体重变化,并从产后60 d开始对其连续采血20 d,分析早期断奶对产后母羊孕酮和雌激素水平的影响。具体结论如下:1、对羔羊实行早期断奶,饲喂营养合理的代乳料,能够促进早期断奶羔羊的生长发育,因此对羔羊进行早期断奶具有普遍推广意义。其中,38 d断奶组羔羊体重增加尤为突出。早期断奶组与对照组羔羊血液生化指标总体差异不大,说明早期断奶不会影响到羔羊的健康状况及生理活动。2、早期断奶有利于提高羔羊屠宰性能、促进其器官发育、改善肉品质;通过比较各项指标的测定结果可知,对哈萨克羔羊实施早期断奶是切实可行的,且羔羊于38日龄断奶效果较好。3、羔羊幼龄时瘤胃的发育将直接影响到成年后的采食和消化吸收能力。适宜的断奶日龄有利于促进羔羊小肠的消化吸收。对早期断奶羔羊进行代乳料的饲喂,增加了其瘤胃重、瘤胃乳头密度和乳头长度,但过早断奶会影响小肠绒毛的恢复,降低消化吸收能力。通过比较3个断奶组和对照组的试验结果可知,哈萨克羔羊于38 d或45 d断奶更有利于促进其胃肠道的发育。4、羔羊早期断奶有利于产后母羊的体重恢复,为保障母羊提前进入下一个繁殖周期时有一个良好的体况打下坚实的基础。越早断奶,母羊体况恢复(增重)越明显,其中30 d断奶组的母羊体况恢复最佳。母羊体况提早恢复,有助于发情周期的提前,试验中30 d断奶组的母羊发情数量最多。早期断奶组的孕酮和雌二醇的含量均高于对照组,且早期断奶组间激素水平变化无明显差异,表明早期断奶有利于母羊机体生殖功能的恢复。综上所述,对哈萨克羔羊实施早期断奶是切实可行的,并建议对哈萨克羔羊实行38d断奶。
[Abstract]:In this paper, Kazakh lambs with early weaning were studied. The growth performance, blood biochemical index, slaughtering performance, organ development, meat quality and gastrointestinal histomorphology were measured. At the same time, the effects of early weaning on the recovery of body condition and hormone level of postpartum ewe were detected, so as to obtain a suitable extension model for lamb breeding in this area. 40 Kazakh lambs were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the principles of the same birth age, the same body weight (5.75 卤0.54kg), the same sex and the same birth order of the ewes. The lambs of the early weaning group were fed the same substitute milk, and the control group was lactation with the mother. Then the following studies were carried out: (1) the body weight, body height, body length and chest circumference were measured at the age of 30 ~ 38.45 and 60 days, respectively. Blood samples were collected before morning feeding at the age of 60 days, and their blood biochemical indexes were measured. (2) 5 lambs with similar body weight were selected from 30 days to 38 days and 45 days in the control group at the age of 60 days, and slaughtered from fattening to 90 days, and the slaughtering performance of early weaning was analyzed. Effects of organ development and meat quality. (3) the length of rumen papilla, the density of papilla, the height of villi of small intestine and the depth of crypt were measured. The effects of early weaning on gastrointestinal tissue morphology of lambs were analyzed. (4) five postpartum ewe with similar body weight were selected from 30 d to 38 d and control group respectively, and their weight changes were observed at postpartum, postpartum one month and postpartum two months. The effects of early weaning on progesterone and estrogen levels in postpartum ewe were analyzed. The specific conclusions are as follows: 1. Early weaning of lambs and feeding of suckling substitute with reasonable nutrition can promote the growth and development of early weaning lambs, so it is of great significance to promote early weaning of lambs. The weight gain of lambs in 38 d weaning group was especially prominent. There was no significant difference in blood biochemical indexes between early weaning group and control group, which indicated that early weaning would not affect the health status and physiological activity of lamb, and early weaning could improve the slaughtering performance of lambs and promote the development of their organs. By comparing the results of various indexes, we can see that it is feasible to wean Kazakh lambs at an early stage. The weaning effect of lambs at 38 days old was better. The rumen development of young lambs would directly affect the feeding and digesting and absorption capacity of adult lambs. The suitable age of weaning is beneficial to promote the digestion and absorption of the small intestine of the lamb. Early weaning lambs were fed with substitute milk, which increased rumen weight, rumen nipple density and nipple length, but premature weaning affected the recovery of small intestinal villi and reduced digestion and absorption. By comparing the results of three weaning groups with the control group, it was found that weaning Kazakh lamb at 38 or 45 days was more beneficial to promote the development of gastrointestinal tract, and early weaning was beneficial to the recovery of body weight of postpartum ewe. It lays a solid foundation for ensuring that the ewe enter the next breeding cycle ahead of time and have a good body condition. The earlier weaning, the more obvious the recovery of body condition (weight gain) of ewe, and the best condition of ewe in 30 d weaning group. Early recovery of estrous cycle was helpful to estrus cycle, and estrus quantity of estrus was the most in 30 days weaning group. The levels of progesterone and estradiol in the early weaning group were higher than those in the control group, and there was no significant difference in hormone levels between the early weaning groups, which indicated that early weaning was beneficial to the recovery of reproductive function of ewe. In conclusion, it is feasible to wean Kazakh lambs early, and it is suggested that Kazakh lambs should be weaned for 38 days.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S826

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