添加物料和菌剂对日喀则地区马铃薯茎叶青贮品质的影响

发布时间：2018-06-28 02:29

本文选题：饲料 + 添加物　；参考：《草业科学》2017年01期

【摘要】：以日喀则地区马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)茎叶为原料制作青贮饲料,分别与玉米(Zea mays)面、小麦(Triticum aestivum)麸、聚合草(Symphytum officinale)、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、青饲玉米、燕麦草(Arrhenatherum elatius)、干青稞(Hordeum vulgare)秸秆、干油菜(Brassica napus)壳等材料混贮,以甲酸、尿素、食盐和6种生物菌剂(A,活性乳酸菌冻干粉;B,益加益秸秆发酵剂;C,千牧EM菌原种;D,百益宝EM菌种;E,微特美益生菌种;F,粗饲料降解剂)为添加剂,聚乙烯袋真空包装分别于发酵30、60、90d后进行感官评定及生化分析,采用隶属函数法综合评价青贮品质。结果表明,日喀则地区马铃薯茎叶青贮饲料在制作后30d已经基本完成发酵进入青贮稳定阶段,能长期有效保持饲料的水分及营养物质。单独的马铃薯茎叶青贮效果差,添加生物菌剂、甲酸、麦麸、玉米面、青饲玉米秸秆、燕麦草可以改善青贮品质,其中添加麦麸的效果优于玉米面,添加青饲玉米优于添加燕麦草。聚合草含水量高、紫花苜蓿营养丰富,但是与马铃薯茎叶混贮发酵效果差。干油菜壳不适于与马铃薯茎叶混贮。菌剂A、B的青贮效果要优于E、F。研究得出,马铃薯茎叶+30%麦麸,马铃薯茎叶+0.3%尿素+0.4%食盐+30%麦麸+D,茎叶+30%麦麸+B这3个青贮处理效果较好。
[Abstract]:The silage was made from stem and leaf of potato (Solanum tuberosum) in Xigaze area, with corn (Zea mays) flour, wheat (Triticum aestivum) bran, Symphytum officinale), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), green forage maize), and (Arrhenatherum elatius), (Hordeum vulgare) straw. Dry rape (Brassica napus) shell and other materials mixed with formic acid, urea, Edible salt and 6 kinds of biological bacteria agents (A, active lactic acid bacteria freeze-dried powder B, Yijiayi straw starter C, original EM strain of Qianmu EM, Baiyipao EM strain E, Microtermes probiotics strain F, crude feed degradation agent) were used as additives. The organoleptic evaluation and biochemical analysis were carried out in the vacuum packaging of polyethylene bags for 90 days after fermentation. The quality of silage was evaluated by membership function method. The results showed that the fermentation of potato stem and leaf silage in Xigaze area had been basically completed 30 days after making, and it could effectively maintain the moisture and nutrients of the feed for a long time. The effect of single potato stem and leaf silage was poor. Adding biological fungicides, formic acid, wheat bran, corn flour, green corn straw and oat straw could improve the silage quality, and the effect of adding wheat bran was better than that of corn flour. Adding green forage corn is better than adding oat grass. High moisture content of polymeric grass and rich nutrition of alfalfa, but mixed with potato stem and leaf fermentation effect is not good. Dry rape hull is not suitable for mixed storage with potato stem and leaf. The silage effect of AZB was better than that of EOF. The results showed that the three silage treatments, potato stem and leaf wheat bran 30%, potato stem leaf 0.3% urea 0.4% salt 30% wheat bran D and stem leaf 30% wheat bran B, were better.
【作者单位】：西藏大学农牧学院;西藏日喀则市农业科学研究所;
【基金】：西藏自治区自然科学基金项目“西藏马铃薯茎叶青贮利用研究”(2014ZR-33)
【分类号】：S816.53

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