强制换羽对种鸽产蛋与免疫性能及换羽相关基因表达的影响

发布时间：2018-06-28 04:21

本文选题：阶段控制体重法 + 氧化锌法　；参考：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：因为生理特性制约,种鸽自然换羽时间较长,一般要2个多月,且换羽不均匀,对种鸽业发展和生产效益有很大的负面作用。强制换羽法可以将蛋鸡换羽时间从3个多月缩短为1个多月,且换羽均匀,但有关强制换羽在种鸽的应用研究还未见报道。因此,本试验主要采用阶段控制体重法和氧化锌法强制种鸽换羽,研究两种强制换羽方法对种鸽产蛋性能、免疫性能及换羽相关基因表达的影响,旨在揭示强制换羽在种鸽生产中的应用可行性并筛选出强制换羽的最佳方法。1、两种强制换羽方法对种鸽第二产蛋周期前期产蛋性能及血清免疫指标的影响本试验旨在研究阶段控制体重法和氧化锌法对种鸽人工换羽的影响,同时研究两种人工换羽方法对种鸽第二产蛋周期前期的产蛋性能及血清免疫指标的影响。将健康、体重相近的96对12月龄美国白羽王鸽随机分为3组,其中对照组饲喂常规饲料；试验A组限饲8-14天;试验B组饲喂高锌(2%ZnO+98%基础日粮)日粮,7天后饲喂常规饲料。结果显示:与对照组相比,试验A组和B组死亡率分别升高1.17%(P0.05)和4.13%(P0.05)。试验A组和B组种鸽换羽天数较对照组分别缩短了20.24d、21.31 d,差异均显著(P0.05)。与对照组相比,换羽后产蛋期试验A组和B组产蛋量分别提高19.78%(P0.05)和13.84%(P0.05),试验A组和B组平均蛋重均增加(P0.05),试验A组和B组日均采食量差异均不显著(P0.05),试验A组和B组畸形率和料蛋比均显著减少(P0.05)。与对照组相比,试验A组IgA、IgM 和 IgG 浓度分别提高 6.59%(P0.05)、3.48%(P0.05)和 8.81%(P0.05)。试验 B 组 IgA、IgM 和 IgG 浓度分别提高 45.42%(P0.05)、7.80%(P0.05)和 8.47%(P0.05)。上述研究结果表明,两种强制换羽方法都能够促进种鸽换羽,并且可以提高种鸽在第二产蛋周期前期的产蛋性能及血清免疫球蛋白的浓度。2、两种强制换羽方法强制换羽对种鸽换羽相关基因相对表达量的影响本试验通过阶段控制体重法和氧化锌法强制种鸽换羽,并检测和比较各组种鸽换羽期间和第二产蛋周期前期的换羽相关基因的相对表达量。试验设计和方法同试验一。结果显示:与对照组相比,换羽中期,试验A组和B组骨形态发生蛋白4(BMP4)基因相对表达量分别提高169%和133%,差异均显著(P0.05)。成纤维细胞生长因子5(FGF5)基因相对表达量分别提高88%和121%,差异均显著(P0.05)。换羽后期,试验A和B组BMP4基因相对表达量分别提高129%和120%,差异均显著(P0.05)。FGF5基因相对表达量分别提高98%和70%,差异均显著(P0.05)。换羽后产蛋性能恢复时,试验A和B组BMP4基因相对表达量分别提高25%和34%,差异均不显著(P0.05)。FGF5基因相对表达量分别提高19%和23%,差异均不显著(P0.05)。上述研究结果表明,两种强制换羽方法对种鸽换羽期间换羽相关基因相对表达量具有显著影响,但对第二产蛋周期前期无显著影响。综上所述,可以得出如下结论:(1)阶段控制体重法和氧化锌法都可以缩短种鸽换羽时间,也可以提高种鸽第二产蛋周期前期的产蛋性能及血清免疫球蛋白的浓度。两种强制换羽方法对种鸽第二产蛋周期前期的免疫功能可能有加强作用;(2)阶段控制体重法和氧化锌法对种鸽换羽期间换羽相关基因表达有显著的影响,但是在第二产蛋周期前期无显著影响。(3)考虑两种强制换羽方法对种鸽的死亡率和氧化锌对环境的污染,阶段控制体重法更有利于生产的应用与推广。
[Abstract]:Because of the physiological characteristics, the pigeon has a long time to replace the feather for more than 2 months, and it has a negative effect on the development and production benefit of the pigeon industry. The forced feathering can shorten the laying time of the laying hens from 3 months to more than 1 months, and the feathering is even, but the application of the forced plume in the pigeon has not yet been studied. Therefore, this experiment mainly uses the stage control weight method and the Zinc Oxide method to force the pigeon to feathery, and studies the effects of two coercive plumes on the egg laying performance, immune performance and the expression of the related genes of the pigeons. The aim is to reveal the applicability of the forced plume in the production of pigeons and the best method of screening the two kinds of forced plume,.1, and two species. The effect of the forced plume method on the egg production performance and the serum immune index of the second egg production period of the pigeon was designed to study the effect of the control weight method and the Zinc Oxide method on the artificial feather change of the pigeon, and the effect of the two artificial feather replacement methods on the egg laying performance and the serum immune index in the early period of the second laying pigeon. 96 pairs of 12 month old United States white feather pigeons with similar health and weight were randomly divided into 3 groups, of which the control group was fed with conventional feed, the test group A was fed for 8-14 days, the experimental group B was fed with high zinc (2%ZnO+98% basal diet) diet and the conventional feed was fed for 7 days. The results showed that compared with the control group, the mortality rate of the test group and the B group increased 1.17% (P0.05) and 4.13% respectively. P0.05). The number of breeding pigeons in test A group and B group decreased by 20.24d, 21.31 D, and the difference was significant (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the egg production of A group and B group increased by 19.78% (P0.05) and 13.84% (P0.05) respectively. The deformity rate and egg ratio in group A and B group were significantly decreased (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the IgA, IgM and IgG concentrations in the experimental group were increased by 6.59% (P0.05), 3.48% (P0.05) and 8.81% (P0.05). The experimental B group, 7.80% (7.80%) and 8.47% (8.47%), respectively. The two coercive plumes can promote the breeding of pigeons, and improve the laying performance of the pigeons in the early period of the second laying period and the concentration of serum immunoglobulin.2. The effect of the two coercive plume replacement methods on the relative expression of the related genes of the pigeon feathers The relative expression of the plume related genes of the pigeons during the plume change period and the second period of the second egg production cycle was detected and compared. Experimental design and methods were in the same test. The results showed that compared with the control group, the relative expression of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) gene in the A and B groups was increased by 169% and 133%, respectively, and the difference was 169% and 133%, respectively. The relative expression of fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF5) gene increased by 88% and 121%, respectively (P0.05). The relative expression of BMP4 gene in A and B groups was increased by 129% and 120%, respectively (P0.05), the relative expression of.FGF5 gene was increased by 98% and 70%, respectively (P0.05). When the egg performance was restored, the relative expression of BMP4 gene in the A and B groups was increased by 25% and 34%, respectively, and the difference was not significant (P0.05), the relative expression of.FGF5 gene was increased by 19% and 23%, respectively, and the difference was not significant (P0.05). The results showed that the relative expression of the plume related genes during the feathers of the pigeons was significantly affected by the two coercive feathers. But there is no significant effect on the period of second egg production. In summary, the following conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) both the stage control weight method and the Zinc Oxide method can shorten the plume time of the pigeon, and also improve the egg laying performance and the concentration of the serum egg white in the early period of the second laying period of the pigeon. Two coercive feathers are the second production of the pigeon. The immune function in the early period of the egg cycle may have a strengthening effect. (2) stage control weight method and Zinc Oxide method have significant influence on the expression of the related genes during the plume replacement period, but there is no significant influence in the early period of the second egg production cycle. (3) the mortality of the pigeons and the pollution of the Zinc Oxide to the environment are considered, and the stage control is considered. The method of making weight is more beneficial to the application and popularization of production.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S836

【参考文献】