高寒草甸牧草与牦牛瘤胃液氨基酸构成及相关性分析

发布时间：2018-06-29 02:33

本文选题：牦牛 + 可食性牧草　；参考：《家畜生态学报》2017年04期

【摘要】：试验以高寒草甸牧区为研究对象,分析牧草的蛋白质与氨基酸含量及放牧牦牛瘤胃液氨基酸的构成,并对其进行相关性分析,以期为放牧牦牛蛋白质营养科学监控积累数据,进而为高寒草地生产系统的科学管理提供技术支持。随机选择健康放牧泌乳牦牛3头作为供试动物,采集瘤胃液;同时随群模拟采集牧草样品,测定蛋白质及氨基酸含量。结果表明,乌鞘岭牧区8月份:(1)牧草粗蛋白含量为147.54g/kg,可溶性蛋白为49.28g/kg,非蛋白氮为1.37g/kg;(2)牧草和牦牛瘤胃液氨基酸总量(TAA)分别为1186.26mg/kg和53.70mg/L,牧草必需氨基酸占总氨基酸(E/T)比例、必需氨基酸占非必需氨基酸(E/N)比例分别为37.7%和60.6%;(3)牧草中胱氨酸含量与粗蛋白含量、谷氨酸含量与可溶性粗蛋白含量呈显著的负相关(P0.05),且丝氨酸含量与非蛋白氮含量呈显著的正相关(P0.05),其他组分间无显著的相关性(P0.05);(4)牧草粗蛋白、可溶性蛋白含量分别与瘤胃液中苯丙氨酸和天门冬氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸、胱氨酸和色氨酸呈显著的正相关(P0.05);(5)牧草与放牧牦牛瘤胃液蛋氨酸间呈显著正相关(P0.05),其他氨基酸间呈极显著正相关性(P0.01)。综上,夏季牧场可为牦牛提供相对优质牧草,且牧草的蛋白含量及组分可影响牦牛瘤胃液中氨基酸构成,为了全面认知牦牛生产系统内氨基酸的供需状况,应深入研究牦牛自身氨基酸代谢,及被毛、乳汁等产品输出特性。
[Abstract]:In this study, the contents of protein and amino acids in grazing yaks and the composition of amino acids in rumen fluid of grazing yaks were analyzed, and the correlation analysis was carried out in order to accumulate data for the scientific monitoring of protein nutrition in grazing yaks. Furthermore, it provides technical support for the scientific management of alpine grassland production system. Three healthy lactating yaks were randomly selected as test animals to collect rumen fluid, and at the same time, the forage samples were collected and the contents of protein and amino acids were determined. The results showed that: (1) the content of crude protein was 147.54 g / kg, the soluble protein was 49.28 g / kg, the non-protein nitrogen was 1.37 g / kg, (2) the total amino acids in rumen fluid of forage and yak were 1186.26mg/kg and 53.70 mg / L, respectively. The ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids (E / N) was 37.7% and 60.6% respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between the content of glutamate and soluble crude protein (P0.05), and a significant positive correlation between the content of serine and the content of non-protein nitrogen (P0.05), but there was no significant correlation among other components (P0.05); (4). The content of soluble protein was correlated with phenylalanine, aspartic acid, glycine, alanine, lysine, histidine in rumen fluid, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between cystine and tryptophan (P0.05); (5) between herbage and methionine in rumen fluid of grazing yak (P0.05) and a very significant positive correlation between other amino acids (P0.01). In conclusion, the pasture in summer can provide yak with relatively high quality forage, and the protein content and composition of forage grass can affect the amino acid composition in yak rumen fluid. In order to understand the supply and demand of amino acid in yak production system, The amino acid metabolism of yak and the export characteristics of wool and milk should be studied.
【作者单位】：兰州大学草地农业科技学院草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然基金项目(31302001) 中央高校基本科研业务费(lzujbky-2016-1)
【分类号】：S816;S823.85

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