沙葱黄酮类化合物对绵羊瘤胃发酵、内环境参数及纤维素降解的影响

发布时间：2018-07-14 09:26

【摘要】：本论文采用体外批次培养方法,根据沙葱黄酮类化合物对瘤胃发酵参数的影响筛选了绵羊日粮中沙葱黄酮类化合物的适宜添加量,继而研究了沙葱黄酮类化合物对绵羊瘤胃内环境指标及纤维降解的影响,以期为沙葱及其深加工产品在肉羊养殖中的进一步应用提供科学依据。论文包括三个试验部分,其试验设计和主要结果如下：(1)选择4只体质健康(平均体重：34.6±1.5kg)已安装永久性瘤胃瘘管蒙古公羊为瘤胃液供体羊。采用单因子试验设计和人工瘤胃体外批次培养方法,在每2g底物中分别添加0.000(对照组)、0.022、0.032、0.042、0.052 mg沙葱黄酮类化合物以筛选在绵羊基础日粮中沙葱黄酮类化合物的最佳添加水平。结果表明：日粮中添加沙葱黄酮类化合物可以显著提高瘤胃产气量,并且以添加0.032 mg时提高幅度最大(P0.05)；整个培养期内,沙葱黄酮类化合物添加组pH值高于对照组,但差异不显著；0.032mg.0.042mg沙葱黄酮类化合物添加组显著提高培养液中BCP的浓度,显著降低培养液中NH3-N浓度(P0.05)；显著促进TVFA提升,降低乙酸丙酸比值(P0.05)。综合各项结果分析,沙葱黄酮类化合物在精粗比3：7条件下绵羊日粮中最适宜的添加范围为0.032-0.042 mg/2g底物,即16～2]mg/kg。(2)通过自身对照试验设计,瘤胃液来源同试验1,分两期即对照期和试验期,试验组分别为16mg/kg、21mg/kg沙葱黄酮类化合物添加组。每一期分为12d预试期和3d正试期,在正试期饲喂前0h和饲喂后2h、4h、6h、8h、10h、14h、 18h、22h采取瘤胃液,进行绵羊瘤胃内环境参数的分析。试验结果表明：日粮中沙葱黄酮类化合物添加组提高瘤胃pH值,但差异不显著；日粮中添加沙葱黄酮类化合物使氨态氮浓度下降,显著提高菌体蛋白浓度(P0.05)；日粮中添加沙葱黄酮类化合物显著提高总挥发性脂肪酸和乙酸、丙酸浓度,显著降低乙酸丙酸比例(P0.05)。(3)使用尼龙袋法,试验动物同试验1,本试验设计采用以自身对照法分两期进行试验,分别为对照期和试验期,并每期分为预试期14d和正试期5d,在正试期将尼龙袋送入瘤胃腹囊处后0h、2h、 6h、24 h、36h、48h、72h的培养,进行纤维素降解率分析。结果表明：与对照组相比,各时间点的沙葱黄酮类化合物添加组的DM和NDF降解率均有上升的趋势；日粮中添加沙葱黄酮类化合物对瘤胃动力学参数也有影响,沙葱黄酮类化合物添加组DM快速降解率a显著高于对照组(P0.05)；沙葱黄酮类化合物添加组NDF慢速降解率b高于对照组,但差异不显著；沙葱黄酮类化合物添加组DM有效降解率显著高于对照组(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:According to the effect of flavonoids on rumen fermentation parameters in sheep diet, the suitable amount of flavonoids in sheep diet was selected by batch culture in vitro. The effects of flavonoids on rumen environmental index and fiber degradation of sheep were studied in order to provide scientific basis for the further application of Allium mongolica and its deep processing products in meat sheep breeding. The main results are as follows: (1) four healthy sheep (mean body weight: 34.6 卤1.5kg) have been installed with permanent rumen fistula for rumen fluid donor. The single factor design and batch culture of artificial rumen in vitro were used to select the best addition level of flavonoids in sheep basal diet by adding 0.000 (control group) 0.022 0. 032 0. 042 and 0. 052 mg flavonoids into the diet of sheep respectively. The results showed that the addition of flavonoids in diet could significantly increase the gas production in rumen, and the maximum increase was at the addition of 0.032 mg (P0.05), and the pH value of the added group was higher than that of the control group during the whole culture period. However, there was no significant difference between 0.032 mg 路0.042 mg and 0.042 mg of leek flavonoids. The concentration of BCP and NH3-N were significantly increased (P0.05), and the ratio of propionic acid acetate (P05) was decreased significantly (P0.05). The results showed that the optimum range of flavonoids in the diet of sheep was 0.032 ~ 0.042 mg/2g substrate (16 ~ 2) mg / kg 路kg ~ (-1) 路m ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1). The source of rumen fluid was the same as that in experiment 1. The rumen fluid was divided into two periods: control period and trial period. The experimental group was 16 mg / kg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) L ~ (-1) of flavonoids. Each phase was divided into 12 d pretest period and 3 d positive trial period. The rumen fluid was taken at 0 h before feeding in the first trial period, and 10 h after feeding at 2 h, 4 h after feeding and 8 h at 8 h after feeding, and the rumen fluid was taken at 18 h and 22 h after feeding. The rumen environmental parameters of sheep were analyzed. The results showed that the pH value of rumen was increased, but the difference was not significant, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen decreased and the concentration of bacterial protein increased significantly (P0.05). The concentration of total volatile fatty acids, acetic acid and propionic acid were significantly increased by adding flavonoids from Allium nigra in diet, and the ratio of propionic acid to acetic acid (P0.05). (3) was significantly decreased by nylon bag method. In the same experiment, the experimental animals were divided into two stages, control period and experimental period. Each period was divided into 14 days and 5 days, and the nylon bag was put into rumen sac for 2 h, 6 h, 24 h, 36 h and 48 h for 72 h. The degradation rate of cellulose was analyzed. The results showed that the degradation rates of DM and NDF in the addition groups of flavonoids of Allium mongolicum at different time points were increased compared with the control group, and the rumen kinetic parameters were also affected by the addition of flavonoids in diet. The rapid degradation rate of DM a was significantly higher in the flavanoid group than that in the control group (P0.05), and the slow degradation rate (b) of NDF in the flavanoid addition group was higher than that in the control group, but the difference was not significant. The effective degradation rate of DM in addition group was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05).
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S826

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