不同植酸酶对常用饲料原料植酸磷的降解效果及在蛋鸡生产中的应用研究
发布时间：2018-07-24 14:53
【摘要】：本文通过体外试验和动物试验前后进行了三个试验研究不同植酸酶对饲料原料植酸磷的降解及在蛋鸡生产中的应用效果研究。试验一:在温度37℃和p H值5.5的条件下,研究了分别源于大肠杆菌、毕赤酵母的两种植酸酶对玉米、豆粕、菜籽粕、棉籽粕、麸皮5种常用饲料原料中植酸磷降解效率的影响。在0.0,10.0,20.0,40.0,60.0,120.0,180.0,240.0 min分别测定了植酸磷的降解率。结果表明:不同饲料原料中植酸磷含量差异较大(P0.05);不同酶、不同饲料原料对植酸磷的降解率都有极显著的影响(P0.01);植酸酶B水解菜籽粕240 min降解率极显著高于植酸酶A(P0.01),两种植酸酶水解玉米、豆粕、棉粕和麸皮240 min降解率均差异不显著(P0.05),但植酸酶B水解玉米、豆粕、棉粕和麸皮240 min降解率均大于植酸酶A。说明了毕赤酵母源的植酸酶降解5种饲料原料中植酸磷的总体效果优于大肠杆菌源的植酸酶。试验二:通过动物消化试验,进一步观察分别源于毕赤酵母、大肠杆菌的两种植酸酶对玉米、豆粕、菜籽粕、棉籽粕、花生饼常用饲料原料中营养物质的养分表观消化率情况。选用体质健康、体重相近的公鸡48只,随机分为4组,每组12只鸡,共强饲4次,每次强饲后鸡群恢复休整10天。各组试验鸡分别交替强饲5种试验原料50g/只,连续2天收集粪便。结果表明:①玉米的营养物质消化率:植酸酶A对玉米粗蛋白、粗脂肪、钙、磷、植酸磷、灰分的利用率分别比对照组高出51.81%、12.90%、34.59%、44.73%、7.67%、36.32%;植酸酶B对玉米粗蛋白、粗脂肪、钙、磷、植酸磷、灰分的消化率分别比对照组高出42.36%、11.58%、27.80%、48.40%、7.08%、24.51%。植酸酶A对玉米粗蛋白、粗脂肪、钙及灰分的消化率高于植酸酶B组,差异显著(P0.05),分别高出16.38%、1.49%、16.41%、15.65%。植酸酶B对玉米磷的消化率显著高于植酸酶A(P0.05)。植酸酶A、B组对玉米的植酸磷的消化率差异不显著(P0.05)。②豆粕的营养物质消化率:植酸酶A对豆粕粗蛋白、脂肪、钙、磷、植酸磷及灰分的利用率分别比对照组高出9.62%、32.63%、18.09%、31.74%、14.06%、28.21%;植酸酶B对豆粕粗蛋白、脂肪、钙、磷、植酸磷及灰分的利用率分别比对照组高出15.26%、34.25%、12.31%、40.73%、15.39%、19.72%。植酸酶A对豆粕的钙、灰分的利用率高于植酸酶B,差异显著(P0.05),分别高出10.28%、10.58%。植酸酶B对豆粕粗蛋白、粗脂肪、磷的利用率高于植酸酶A6.24%、2.40%、13.18%,差异显著(P0.05)。植酸酶A、B组对豆粕的植酸磷的利用率差异不显著(P0.05)。③菜籽粕的营养物质消化率:植酸酶A对菜籽粕粗蛋白、脂肪、钙、磷、植酸磷及灰分的利用率分别比对照组高出11.37%、28.41%、34.30%、26.58%、8.39%、21.54%;植酸酶B对菜籽粕粗蛋白、脂肪、钙、磷、植酸磷及灰分的利用率分别比对照组组高出4.8%、19.34%、20.70%、22.87%、7.80%、23.55%。植酸酶A对菜籽粕的蛋白、脂肪、钙、磷的利用率高于植酸酶B,差异显著(P0.05),分别高出6.91%、11.24%、17.15%、4.81%。植酸酶A、B对菜籽粕的植酸磷、灰分的利用率差异不显著(P0.05)。④棉籽粕的营养物质消化率:植酸酶A对棉籽粕粗蛋白、脂肪、钙、磷、植酸磷及灰分的利用率分别比对照组高出1.32%、21.55%、34.00%、12.20%、8.25%、25.12%;植酸酶B对棉籽粕粗蛋白、脂肪、钙、磷、植酸磷及灰分的利用率分别比不加酶组高出5.35%、14.19%、26.37%、12.02%、5.35%、21.58%。植酸酶A对棉粕的脂肪、钙、植酸磷及灰分的利用率高于植酸酶B,差异显著(P0.05),分别高出8.57%、10.36%、3.07%、4.51%。植酸酶B对棉粕粗蛋白的利用率高于植酸酶A组4.08%,差异显著(P0.05)。植酸酶A、B对棉粕的磷的利用率差异不显著(P0.05)。⑤花生饼的营养物质消化率:植酸酶A对花生饼粗蛋白、脂肪、钙、磷、植酸磷及灰分的利用率分别比对照组高出7.50%、6.66%、29.07%、16.45%、12.52%、24.01%;植酸酶B对花生饼粗蛋白、脂肪、钙、磷、植酸磷及灰分的利用率分别比对照组高出5.39%、3.54%、14.19%、13.10%、11.77%、14.77%。植酸酶A对花生饼的粗蛋白、脂肪、钙、磷及灰分的利用率高于植酸酶B,差异显著(P0.05),分别高出2.23%、3.23%、17.33%、3.86%、10.84%。植酸酶A、B对花生饼的植酸磷的利用率差异不显著(P0.05)。试验三:通过动物试验,对比研究了蛋鸡日粮添加两种商品植酸酶对蛋鸡生长性能、血液指标以及营养物质养分表观消化率的影响。试验选用体质健康、体重相近、生产性能均匀的10周龄京白“939”育成鸡200只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只鸡。Ⅰ组为对照组,Ⅱ、Ⅳ组分别添加两种商品植酸酶植酸酶A、B、600U/kg,Ⅲ、Ⅴ组分别添加两种商品植酸酶植酸酶A、B1200U/kg。试验期为9周,预饲期1周,正式期8周。结果表明:⑴植酸酶对育成鸡生产性能的影响试验期各组之间育成鸡初始体重、末重、平均耗料量均差异不显著(P0.05)。Ⅱ组试验期总增重、平均日增重显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组,差异显著(P0.05),其他各组间差异不显著(P0.05)。试验期各组之间育成鸡料重比差异不显著(P0.05),但添加植酸酶的Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组料重比均低于对照Ⅰ组。其中,Ⅱ组试验期总增重、平均日增重最高,料重比最低。⑵植酸酶对育成鸡血液指标的影响植酸酶对14w育成鸡血液血清碱性磷酸酶活性影响差异不显著(P0.05)。Ⅲ、Ⅴ组14w血清无机磷含量大于Ⅰ、Ⅳ组,差异极显著(P0.01);Ⅱ组血清无机磷含量大于Ⅰ组,差异极显著(P0.01),高于Ⅳ组,差异显著(P0.05)。Ⅱ组14w血清无机钙含量大于Ⅰ、Ⅴ组,差异显著(P0.05)。Ⅱ组14w血清谷丙转氨酶活性高于Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组,差异极显著(P0.01),大于Ⅲ组,差异显著(P0.05)。18w育成鸡血液血清碱性磷酸酶活性、血清钙浓度、谷丙转氨酶活性较14w均有较大提高,但是,血清无机磷浓度较14w则有下降趋势。Ⅰ组18w血清碱性磷酸酶活性大于Ⅱ组,差异显著(P0.05)。Ⅲ组18w血清无机磷含量均大于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组,差异极显著(P0.01);Ⅴ、Ⅱ组血清无机磷含量大于Ⅰ、Ⅳ组,差异极显著(P0.01)。Ⅱ组18w血清钙含量高于Ⅴ组,差异极显著(P0.01),高于Ⅰ组,差异显著(P0.05)。Ⅲ组18w血清谷丙转氨酶活性均大于Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组,差异极显著(P0.01);Ⅱ组谷丙转氨酶活性大于Ⅰ组,差异极显著(P0.01),高于Ⅳ组,差异显著(P0.05);其他各组间差异不显著(P0.05)。⑶植酸酶对育成鸡养分表观消化率的影响干物质表观消化率而言,Ⅱ组干物质表观消化率高于Ⅰ、Ⅲ及Ⅴ组,差异极显著(P0.01),高于Ⅳ组,差异显著(P0.05)。粗蛋白表观消化率而言,Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组粗蛋白表观消化率均高于对照Ⅰ组,差异显著(P0.05);Ⅲ组蛋白利用率高于Ⅰ组,差异极显著(P0.01)。粗脂肪表观消化率而言,Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组粗脂肪表观消化率大于Ⅰ组,差异极显著(P0.01),高于Ⅱ组,差异显著(P0.05)。钙表观消化率而言,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ组钙表观消化率大于Ⅰ、Ⅳ组,差异极显著(P0.01)。磷表观消化率而言,Ⅲ组磷表观消化率大于Ⅰ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组,差异极显著(P0.01);Ⅱ组磷表观消化率大于Ⅰ组,差异极显著(P0.01),大于Ⅳ、Ⅴ组,差异显著(P0.05);Ⅳ、Ⅴ组磷表观消化率大于Ⅰ组差异显著(P0.05)。植酸磷表观消化率而言,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ组植酸磷表观消化率大于Ⅰ、Ⅳ组,差异极显著(P0.01);Ⅳ组植酸磷表观消化率大于Ⅰ组,差异显著(P0.05)。灰分表观消化率而言,Ⅴ组灰分表观消化率大于Ⅰ、Ⅳ组,差异极显著(P0.01),高于Ⅱ组,差异显著(P0.05);Ⅲ组灰分表观消化率大于Ⅰ、Ⅳ组,差异显著(P0.05);其他组间差异不显著(P0.05)。本研究结果表明,植酸酶在体内、体外均能有效地降解植酸磷,能够有效地促进营养物质的利用吸收。综合考虑,大肠杆菌源植酸酶作用效果较好。
[Abstract]:In this paper, three experiments were carried out to study the degradation of phytate phosphorus and the application effect of different phytase on feed raw material before and after in vitro experiment and animal test. Experiment 1: under the condition of temperature 37 and P H 5.5, two kinds of phytase derived from Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris were studied for corn, soybean meal and rapeseed. The effect of the degradation efficiency of phytate phosphorus in 5 kinds of feed raw materials, including meal, cottonseed meal and bran. The degradation rate of phytate phosphorus was measured in 0.0,10.0,20.0,40.0,60.0120.0180.0240.0 min respectively. The results showed that the phosphorus content of phytic acid in different feed materials was different (P0.05), and the degradation rate of phytate phosphorus by different feed materials was very significant. The degradation rate of 240 min by phytase B hydrolyzed rapeseed meal was significantly higher than that of phytase A (P0.01), the degradation rate of 240 min in soybean meal, cottonseed meal and bran was not significant (P0.05), but the degradation rate of phytase B hydrolysate corn, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and bran peel was higher than that of phytase A. indicating that the phytase A. showed that the plant of Pichia pastoris was planted by phytase. The overall effect of acid enzyme degradation of phytate phosphorus in 5 feedstuff materials is better than that of the phytase of Escherichia coli. Test two: through animal digestion test, the apparent digestibility of nutrients in maize, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, and the common feed raw material from two kinds of phytase derived from Pichia pastoris and Escherichia coli were further observed. 48 roosters with physical health and similar weight were randomly divided into 4 groups, 12 chickens in each group, 12 chickens in each group, 4 strong forage and 10 days after each strong feeding. 5 kinds of experimental raw materials were used to collect the feces for 2 days for 2 days. The results showed: (1) the nutrient digestibility of maize: phytase A to corn crude protein and coarse protein The utilization of fat, calcium, phosphorus, phosphorus, phytate and ash were 51.81%, 12.90%, 34.59%, 44.73%, 7.67%, 36.32% higher than that of the control group, and the digestibility of phytase B to corn crude protein, crude fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash was 42.36%, 11.58%, 27.80%, 48.40%, 7.08%, and 24.51%. phytase A to corn crude protein, crude fat, calcium and ash, respectively. The digestibility of the phytase B group was higher than that of the phytase B group (P0.05), which was higher than 16.38%, 1.49%, 16.41% respectively. The digestibility of 15.65%. phytase B was significantly higher than that of phytase A (P0.05). Phytase A, B group had no significant difference in the digestibility of phytate phosphorus in corn (P0.05). (2) the nutrient digestibility of soybean meal: phytase A to the crude protein, fat and calcium of soybean meal The utilization ratio of phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash was 9.62%, 32.63%, 18.09%, 31.74%, 14.06%, 28.21% higher than that of the control group, and the utilization rate of phytase B to soybean meal crude protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash were 15.26%, 34.25%, 12.31%, 40.73%, 15.39%, and 19.72%. phytase A was higher than phytase. B, the difference was significant (P0.05), higher than 10.28%. The utilization rate of 10.58%. phytase B on soybean meal crude protein, crude fat and phosphorus was higher than that of phytase A6.24%, 2.40%, 13.18%, and the difference was significant (P0.05). The utilization ratio of phytase A, B group to soybean meal was not significant (P0.05). (3) the nutrient digestibility of rapeseed meal: phytase A to rapeseed meal crude protein, The utilization rate of fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash were 11.37%, 28.41%, 34.30%, 26.58%, 8.39%, 21.54% higher than that of the control group, and the utilization rate of phytase B to rapeseed meal crude protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash were 4.8%, 19.34%, 20.70%, 22.87%, 7.80%, 23.55%. A to rapeseed meal protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus. The utilization rate was higher than that of phytase B, the difference was significant (P0.05), 6.91%, 11.24%, 17.15%, 4.81%. phytase A, B to rapeseed meal phytate phosphorus, the difference of ash utilization ratio was not significant (P0.05). (4) the nutrient digestibility of cottonseed meal: the utilization ratio of Phytase A to cottonseed meal coarse egg white, fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash 1.32%, 21.55%, 34%, 12.20%, 8.25%, 25.12% higher, the utilization ratio of phytase B to cottonseed meal crude protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash was higher than that in the non enzyme group, respectively 5.35%, 14.19%, 26.37%, 12.02%, 5.35%, and the utilization of 21.58%. phytase A was higher than that of phytase B, the difference was significant (P0.05), respectively, The utilization rate of 8.57%, 10.36%, 3.07%, 4.51%. phytase B to cottonseed crude protein was higher than that of the phytase A group (P0.05). The difference of phosphorus utilization ratio between phytase A and B was not significant (P0.05). 5. The nutrient digestibility of the peanut cake: the utilization ratio of phytase A to the peanut cake crude protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash, respectively The control group was 7.50%, 6.66%, 29.07%, 16.45%, 12.52%, 24.01%. The utilization ratio of phytase B to the peanut cake crude protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash were 5.39%, 3.54%, 14.19%, 13.10%, 11.77%, and the utilization of 14.77%. phytase A was higher than that of phytase B (P0. 05), 2.23%, 3.23%, 17.33%, 3.86%, 10.84%. phytase A and B had no significant difference in the utilization of phytate phosphorus (P0.05). Test three: through animal experiments, the effects of two kinds of Phytase on the growth performance, blood indexes and nutrient nutrient apparent digestibility of laying hens were compared. 200 chickens of 10 week old Beijing white "939" bred chicken were randomly divided into 5 groups, including 4 repetitions in each group and 10 chickens in each group. Group I was the control group, and group II and group IV added two kinds of phytase phytase A, B, 600U/kg, III and V respectively added two kinds of phytase phytase A, B1200U/kg. test period, respectively. For 9 weeks, the pre feeding period was 1 weeks and the official period was 8 weeks. The results showed that: (1) the effect of Phytase on the production performance of the bred chicken was not significant (P0.05). The average daily weight gain of group II was significantly higher than that of I, III, IV and V (P0.05), the difference was significant (P0.05), and the difference between the other groups was significant. It was not significant (P0.05). There was no significant difference in weight ratio between each group in the test period (P0.05), but the weight ratio of group II, III, IV, and V was lower than that of the control group I. Among them, the total weight gain of group II was higher, the average daily gain was the highest and the ratio of weight to weight was the lowest. 2. The effect of Phytase on blood indexes of bred chickens by phytase on blood blood of 14W bred chicken There was no significant difference in the activity of alkaline phosphatase activity (P0.05). The content of serum inorganic phosphorus in group 14W was greater than that in group I and group IV (P0.01); the content of serum inorganic phosphorus in group II was greater than that in group I (P0.01), which was higher than group IV (P0.05). The content of serum inorganic calcium in group II of group II was greater than that in group I, group V (P0.05). (P0.05). Group II 14W The activity of serum alanine transaminase was higher than that in group I, group IV and V, the difference was very significant (P0.01), which was greater than group III, and the difference was significant (P0.05) in the blood serum alkaline phosphatase activity of.18w bred chicken, the serum calcium concentration and the activity of alanine aminotransferase were significantly higher than that of 14W. However, the concentration of serum phosphorus free phosphorus was lower than that of 14W. The serum alkaline phosphatase activity of group I was more than that of 14W. The content of serum inorganic phosphorus in group III of group III was greater than that of group I (P0.05). The content of serum inorganic phosphorus in group 18W was greater than that in group I, II, IV, and V (P0.01). The content of serum inorganic phosphorus in group II was greater than that in group I and group IV (P0.01). The serum calcium content of 18W in group II was higher than group V (P0.01), and the difference was significantly higher than group I (P0.05). Group III 18W serum Valley The activity of alanine aminotransferase was greater than that in group I, group IV and V (P0.01), and the activity of glutamic aminotransferase in group II was greater than group I, the difference was very significant (P0.01), and the difference was significant (P0.05); the difference between other groups was not significant (P0.05). (3) the effect of Phytase on the apparent digestibility of the nutrients of the bred chicken, as far as the apparent digestibility of the dry matter was concerned, group II dry matter The apparent digestibility was higher than that in group I, group III and group (P0.01), which was significantly higher than group IV (P0.05). The apparent digestibility of crude protein in group II, IV and V was higher than that of control group I (P0.05), and the utilization rate of protein in group III was higher than that in group I (P0.01). The apparent digestibility of crude fat in group IV was greater than that in group I (P0.01), and the difference was significant (P0.05). The apparent digestibility of Calcium Apparent Digestibility in group II, III and V group was greater than that in group I, group IV, group IV, the difference was very significant (P0.01). The phosphorus apparent digestibility in group III was greater than that in group I, IV, and V (P0.01); group II (Group II); group II The apparent digestibility of phosphorus was greater than that in group I (P0.01), which was greater than that in group IV and group V (P0.05). The apparent digestibility of phosphorus in group IV was greater than that in group I (P0.05). The apparent digestibility of phytic acid phosphorus in group II, III and V group was larger than that of group I, group IV, group IV, the difference was very significant (P0.01), and the apparent digestibility of phytate phosphorus in group IV was greater than I I I The difference was significant (P0.05). The ash apparent digestibility of group V was greater than that in group I, group IV, group IV, the difference was very significant (P0.01), the difference was significant (P0.05) higher than that of group II (P0.05); the ash apparent digestibility of group III was greater than that of group I, group IV, the difference was significant (P0.05). The results of this study showed that phytase was in body, in vitro It can effectively degrade phytic acid phosphorus and effectively promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831.5
本文编号：2141731
[Abstract]:In this paper, three experiments were carried out to study the degradation of phytate phosphorus and the application effect of different phytase on feed raw material before and after in vitro experiment and animal test. Experiment 1: under the condition of temperature 37 and P H 5.5, two kinds of phytase derived from Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris were studied for corn, soybean meal and rapeseed. The effect of the degradation efficiency of phytate phosphorus in 5 kinds of feed raw materials, including meal, cottonseed meal and bran. The degradation rate of phytate phosphorus was measured in 0.0,10.0,20.0,40.0,60.0120.0180.0240.0 min respectively. The results showed that the phosphorus content of phytic acid in different feed materials was different (P0.05), and the degradation rate of phytate phosphorus by different feed materials was very significant. The degradation rate of 240 min by phytase B hydrolyzed rapeseed meal was significantly higher than that of phytase A (P0.01), the degradation rate of 240 min in soybean meal, cottonseed meal and bran was not significant (P0.05), but the degradation rate of phytase B hydrolysate corn, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and bran peel was higher than that of phytase A. indicating that the phytase A. showed that the plant of Pichia pastoris was planted by phytase. The overall effect of acid enzyme degradation of phytate phosphorus in 5 feedstuff materials is better than that of the phytase of Escherichia coli. Test two: through animal digestion test, the apparent digestibility of nutrients in maize, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal, and the common feed raw material from two kinds of phytase derived from Pichia pastoris and Escherichia coli were further observed. 48 roosters with physical health and similar weight were randomly divided into 4 groups, 12 chickens in each group, 12 chickens in each group, 4 strong forage and 10 days after each strong feeding. 5 kinds of experimental raw materials were used to collect the feces for 2 days for 2 days. The results showed: (1) the nutrient digestibility of maize: phytase A to corn crude protein and coarse protein The utilization of fat, calcium, phosphorus, phosphorus, phytate and ash were 51.81%, 12.90%, 34.59%, 44.73%, 7.67%, 36.32% higher than that of the control group, and the digestibility of phytase B to corn crude protein, crude fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash was 42.36%, 11.58%, 27.80%, 48.40%, 7.08%, and 24.51%. phytase A to corn crude protein, crude fat, calcium and ash, respectively. The digestibility of the phytase B group was higher than that of the phytase B group (P0.05), which was higher than 16.38%, 1.49%, 16.41% respectively. The digestibility of 15.65%. phytase B was significantly higher than that of phytase A (P0.05). Phytase A, B group had no significant difference in the digestibility of phytate phosphorus in corn (P0.05). (2) the nutrient digestibility of soybean meal: phytase A to the crude protein, fat and calcium of soybean meal The utilization ratio of phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash was 9.62%, 32.63%, 18.09%, 31.74%, 14.06%, 28.21% higher than that of the control group, and the utilization rate of phytase B to soybean meal crude protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash were 15.26%, 34.25%, 12.31%, 40.73%, 15.39%, and 19.72%. phytase A was higher than phytase. B, the difference was significant (P0.05), higher than 10.28%. The utilization rate of 10.58%. phytase B on soybean meal crude protein, crude fat and phosphorus was higher than that of phytase A6.24%, 2.40%, 13.18%, and the difference was significant (P0.05). The utilization ratio of phytase A, B group to soybean meal was not significant (P0.05). (3) the nutrient digestibility of rapeseed meal: phytase A to rapeseed meal crude protein, The utilization rate of fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash were 11.37%, 28.41%, 34.30%, 26.58%, 8.39%, 21.54% higher than that of the control group, and the utilization rate of phytase B to rapeseed meal crude protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash were 4.8%, 19.34%, 20.70%, 22.87%, 7.80%, 23.55%. A to rapeseed meal protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus. The utilization rate was higher than that of phytase B, the difference was significant (P0.05), 6.91%, 11.24%, 17.15%, 4.81%. phytase A, B to rapeseed meal phytate phosphorus, the difference of ash utilization ratio was not significant (P0.05). (4) the nutrient digestibility of cottonseed meal: the utilization ratio of Phytase A to cottonseed meal coarse egg white, fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash 1.32%, 21.55%, 34%, 12.20%, 8.25%, 25.12% higher, the utilization ratio of phytase B to cottonseed meal crude protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash was higher than that in the non enzyme group, respectively 5.35%, 14.19%, 26.37%, 12.02%, 5.35%, and the utilization of 21.58%. phytase A was higher than that of phytase B, the difference was significant (P0.05), respectively, The utilization rate of 8.57%, 10.36%, 3.07%, 4.51%. phytase B to cottonseed crude protein was higher than that of the phytase A group (P0.05). The difference of phosphorus utilization ratio between phytase A and B was not significant (P0.05). 5. The nutrient digestibility of the peanut cake: the utilization ratio of phytase A to the peanut cake crude protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash, respectively The control group was 7.50%, 6.66%, 29.07%, 16.45%, 12.52%, 24.01%. The utilization ratio of phytase B to the peanut cake crude protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus, phytate phosphorus and ash were 5.39%, 3.54%, 14.19%, 13.10%, 11.77%, and the utilization of 14.77%. phytase A was higher than that of phytase B (P0. 05), 2.23%, 3.23%, 17.33%, 3.86%, 10.84%. phytase A and B had no significant difference in the utilization of phytate phosphorus (P0.05). Test three: through animal experiments, the effects of two kinds of Phytase on the growth performance, blood indexes and nutrient nutrient apparent digestibility of laying hens were compared. 200 chickens of 10 week old Beijing white "939" bred chicken were randomly divided into 5 groups, including 4 repetitions in each group and 10 chickens in each group. Group I was the control group, and group II and group IV added two kinds of phytase phytase A, B, 600U/kg, III and V respectively added two kinds of phytase phytase A, B1200U/kg. test period, respectively. For 9 weeks, the pre feeding period was 1 weeks and the official period was 8 weeks. The results showed that: (1) the effect of Phytase on the production performance of the bred chicken was not significant (P0.05). The average daily weight gain of group II was significantly higher than that of I, III, IV and V (P0.05), the difference was significant (P0.05), and the difference between the other groups was significant. It was not significant (P0.05). There was no significant difference in weight ratio between each group in the test period (P0.05), but the weight ratio of group II, III, IV, and V was lower than that of the control group I. Among them, the total weight gain of group II was higher, the average daily gain was the highest and the ratio of weight to weight was the lowest. 2. The effect of Phytase on blood indexes of bred chickens by phytase on blood blood of 14W bred chicken There was no significant difference in the activity of alkaline phosphatase activity (P0.05). The content of serum inorganic phosphorus in group 14W was greater than that in group I and group IV (P0.01); the content of serum inorganic phosphorus in group II was greater than that in group I (P0.01), which was higher than group IV (P0.05). The content of serum inorganic calcium in group II of group II was greater than that in group I, group V (P0.05). (P0.05). Group II 14W The activity of serum alanine transaminase was higher than that in group I, group IV and V, the difference was very significant (P0.01), which was greater than group III, and the difference was significant (P0.05) in the blood serum alkaline phosphatase activity of.18w bred chicken, the serum calcium concentration and the activity of alanine aminotransferase were significantly higher than that of 14W. However, the concentration of serum phosphorus free phosphorus was lower than that of 14W. The serum alkaline phosphatase activity of group I was more than that of 14W. The content of serum inorganic phosphorus in group III of group III was greater than that of group I (P0.05). The content of serum inorganic phosphorus in group 18W was greater than that in group I, II, IV, and V (P0.01). The content of serum inorganic phosphorus in group II was greater than that in group I and group IV (P0.01). The serum calcium content of 18W in group II was higher than group V (P0.01), and the difference was significantly higher than group I (P0.05). Group III 18W serum Valley The activity of alanine aminotransferase was greater than that in group I, group IV and V (P0.01), and the activity of glutamic aminotransferase in group II was greater than group I, the difference was very significant (P0.01), and the difference was significant (P0.05); the difference between other groups was not significant (P0.05). (3) the effect of Phytase on the apparent digestibility of the nutrients of the bred chicken, as far as the apparent digestibility of the dry matter was concerned, group II dry matter The apparent digestibility was higher than that in group I, group III and group (P0.01), which was significantly higher than group IV (P0.05). The apparent digestibility of crude protein in group II, IV and V was higher than that of control group I (P0.05), and the utilization rate of protein in group III was higher than that in group I (P0.01). The apparent digestibility of crude fat in group IV was greater than that in group I (P0.01), and the difference was significant (P0.05). The apparent digestibility of Calcium Apparent Digestibility in group II, III and V group was greater than that in group I, group IV, group IV, the difference was very significant (P0.01). The phosphorus apparent digestibility in group III was greater than that in group I, IV, and V (P0.01); group II (Group II); group II The apparent digestibility of phosphorus was greater than that in group I (P0.01), which was greater than that in group IV and group V (P0.05). The apparent digestibility of phosphorus in group IV was greater than that in group I (P0.05). The apparent digestibility of phytic acid phosphorus in group II, III and V group was larger than that of group I, group IV, group IV, the difference was very significant (P0.01), and the apparent digestibility of phytate phosphorus in group IV was greater than I I I The difference was significant (P0.05). The ash apparent digestibility of group V was greater than that in group I, group IV, group IV, the difference was very significant (P0.01), the difference was significant (P0.05) higher than that of group II (P0.05); the ash apparent digestibility of group III was greater than that of group I, group IV, the difference was significant (P0.05). The results of this study showed that phytase was in body, in vitro It can effectively degrade phytic acid phosphorus and effectively promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients.
【学位授予单位】：河北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831.5
【参考文献】
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