棉粕家禽营养价值快速评定方法研究
发布时间：2018-07-25 15:16
【摘要】：开发和合理利用蛋白质资源已经成为制约我国畜牧业继续发展的当务之急。在蛋白质资源中,我国的棉籽粕有很高的产量,但绝大部分直接作为肥料,造成大量浪费。因此,合理的开发利用棉粕对于缓解我国的蛋白质资源短缺有很大意义。本试验共采集了新疆、山东、湖北、河北等地的26种棉粕样品。首先对棉粕样品进行烘干,然后按照国标法测定棉粕的各常规物理化学指标。本研究可分为两个试验。试验—用排空-强饲法对健康的成年海兰褐蛋公鸡进行26种棉粕的代谢试验,采用48h饥饿-强饲-48h收粪,研究棉粕的代谢能和有效氨基酸的实测值。试验二为体外消化试验,选用两步酶法(胃蛋白酶-胰酶)来测定棉粕的体外消化率。试验分别研究了棉粕的过滤方式(透析、不透析)、胃蛋白酶的最适浓度及最适时间、胰酶的最适浓度及最适时间、缓冲液的最适pH值,建立了一套棉粕体外消化试验的优化条件。棉粕体外干物质消化率与棉粕理化指标建立乘积关系,作为棉粕消化的理论值。本研究将棉粕成分的理论值与该成分的实测值使用SAS分析软件建立关系,尝试建立代谢能与有效氨基酸的预测模型。在预测棉粕氨基酸的有效氨基酸时,每100g棉粕样品中的每种氨基酸的有效氨基酸测定值(y)与理论消化值(x)之间的线性回归关系方程为：有效天冬氨酸y=1.5965x+0.2450,R2=0.7444,P0.0001有效苏氨酸y=1.5641x+0.0878,R2=0.7069,P0.0001有效丝氨酸y=1.6708x+0.0314,R2=0.7762,P0.0001有效谷氨酸y=1.5713x+0.8140,R2=0.7667,P0.0001有效甘氨酸y=1.6093x-0.1395,R2=0.6786,P0.0001有效丙氨酸y=1.6461x-0.0048,R2=0.7358,P0.0001有效半胱氨酸y=1.4754x+0.0494,R2=0.7476,P0.0001有效缬氨酸y=1.5906x+0.0580,R2=0.7303,P0.0001有效蛋氨酸y=1.6197x-0.0017,R2=0.6861,P0.0001有效异亮氨酸y=1.6195x+0.0049,R2=0.7351,P0.0001有效亮氨酸y=1.6686x+0.0066,R2=0.7605,P0.0001有效酪氨酸y=1.6472x+0.0070,R2=0.7375,P0.0001有效组氨酸y=1.7185x+0.1451,R2=0.7590,P0.0001有效苯丙氨酸y=1.4997x+0.1743,R2=0.7352,P0.0001有效赖氨酸y=1.6729x-0.1165,R2=0.7545,P0.0001有效精氨酸y=1.7185x+0.1451,R2=0.7590,P0.0001有效脯氨酸y=2.2844x-0.4718,R2=0.8864,P0.0001其中,x=每克棉粕样品中某种氨基酸的含量(g)×棉粕体外干物质消化率(%)。在预测棉粕代谢能时,通过常规成分与棉粕代谢能之间建立关系,可以得到如下回归方程：表观代谢能=13.31.0.33CF%-0.19ADF%+0.13NDF%(R2=0.4965；P=0.0046)；真代谢能=15.10-0.31CF%-0.19ADF%+0.12NDF%(R2=0.4923；P=0.0050)
[Abstract]:The development and rational utilization of protein resources has become the urgent matter of restricting the continued development of animal husbandry in China. In protein resources, cottonseed meal in China has a high yield, but most of it is directly used as fertilizer, resulting in a large amount of waste. Therefore, the reasonable development and utilization of cottonseed meal is of great significance to alleviate the shortage of protein resources in China. A total of 26 cotton meal samples were collected from Xinjiang, Shandong, Hubei and Hebei provinces. The samples of cottonseed meal were dried first, and then the conventional physicochemical indexes of cottonseed meal were determined according to the national standard method. This study can be divided into two experiments. The metabolism of 26 kinds of cottonseed meal in healthy adult Hailan brown egg cock was studied by the method of emptying and strong forage. The metabolizable energy and effective amino acid of cotton meal were measured by 48h starvation and strong feeding for 48 h. Two-step enzymatic method (pepsin-trypsin) was used to determine the in vitro digestibility of cottonseed meal. The optimum concentration and time of pepsin, the optimum concentration and time of trypsin, the optimum pH value of buffer solution, the filtration method of cottonseed meal (dialysis, non-dialysis), the optimum concentration and time of pepsin, the optimum concentration and time of trypsin, the optimum pH value of buffer were studied respectively. A set of optimal conditions for cotton meal digestion in vitro was established. The in vitro dry matter digestibility of cottonseed meal and the physicochemical index of cotton meal were established as the theoretical value of cotton meal digestion. In this study, the relationship between the theoretical value of cottonseed meal component and the measured value of the component was established by using SAS software, and the prediction model of metabolizable energy and effective amino acid was established. In predicting the available amino acids of cottonseed meal, The linear regression equation between the available amino acids per 100g cotton meal sample and the theoretical digestibility (x) is as follows: available aspartic acid yr 1.5965x 0.2450m R2O0.7444N P0.0001 available threonine yr 1.5641x 0.0878U R20.7069P0.0001 effective serine YT 1.6708x 0.0314r2n 0.7762P0.0001 available glutamic acid Y=1.5713x 0.8140,R2=0.7667,P0.0001鏈夋晥鐢樻皑閰竬=1.6093x-0.1395,R2=0.6786,P0.0001鏈夋晥涓欐皑閰竬=1.6461x-0.0048,R2=0.7358,P0.0001鏈夋晥鍗婅儽姘ㄩ吀y=1.4754x 0.0494,R2=0.7476,P0.0001鏈夋晥缂皑閰竬=1.5906x 0.0580,R2=0.7303,P0.0001鏈夋晥铔嬫皑閰竬=1.6197x-0.0017,R2=0.6861,P0.0001鏈夋晥寮備寒姘ㄩ吀y=1.6195x 0.0049,R2=0.7351,P0.0001鏈夋晥浜皑閰竬=1.6686x 0.0066,R2=0.7605,P0.0001鏈夋晥閰皑閰竬=1.6472x 0.0070,R2=0.7375,P0.0001鏈夋晥缁勬皑閰竬=1.7185x 0.1451,R2=0.7590,P0.0001鏈夋晥鑻笝姘ㄩ吀 Yr 1.4997x 0.17497x 0.1743C R2N 0.7352n P 0.0001 effective lysine yr 1.6729x-0.1165N R2O0.7545N P 0.0001 effective arginine yttrium 1.7185x 0.1451R2O0.7590P0.0001 proline y2.2844x-0.4718r20.4718r20.8864kP0.0001 where the content of certain amino acid in the sample of each gram of cottonseed meal is (g) 脳 dry matter digestibility of cottonseed meal in vitro (%). In predicting the metabolic energy of cottonseed meal, the following regression equations can be obtained by establishing the relationship between the conventional composition and the metabolizable energy of cottonseed meal: apparent metabolic energy 13.31.0.33 CF+ -0.19ADF% 0.13NDF% (R2O0.4965P0. 0046), true metabolizable energy 15.10-0.31CF-0.19ADF% 0.12NDF% (R2O0.4923P0.0050), and EME 15.10-0.31CF-0.19ADF% 0.12NDF% (R2O0.4923P0.0050).
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S816
[Abstract]:The development and rational utilization of protein resources has become the urgent matter of restricting the continued development of animal husbandry in China. In protein resources, cottonseed meal in China has a high yield, but most of it is directly used as fertilizer, resulting in a large amount of waste. Therefore, the reasonable development and utilization of cottonseed meal is of great significance to alleviate the shortage of protein resources in China. A total of 26 cotton meal samples were collected from Xinjiang, Shandong, Hubei and Hebei provinces. The samples of cottonseed meal were dried first, and then the conventional physicochemical indexes of cottonseed meal were determined according to the national standard method. This study can be divided into two experiments. The metabolism of 26 kinds of cottonseed meal in healthy adult Hailan brown egg cock was studied by the method of emptying and strong forage. The metabolizable energy and effective amino acid of cotton meal were measured by 48h starvation and strong feeding for 48 h. Two-step enzymatic method (pepsin-trypsin) was used to determine the in vitro digestibility of cottonseed meal. The optimum concentration and time of pepsin, the optimum concentration and time of trypsin, the optimum pH value of buffer solution, the filtration method of cottonseed meal (dialysis, non-dialysis), the optimum concentration and time of pepsin, the optimum concentration and time of trypsin, the optimum pH value of buffer were studied respectively. A set of optimal conditions for cotton meal digestion in vitro was established. The in vitro dry matter digestibility of cottonseed meal and the physicochemical index of cotton meal were established as the theoretical value of cotton meal digestion. In this study, the relationship between the theoretical value of cottonseed meal component and the measured value of the component was established by using SAS software, and the prediction model of metabolizable energy and effective amino acid was established. In predicting the available amino acids of cottonseed meal, The linear regression equation between the available amino acids per 100g cotton meal sample and the theoretical digestibility (x) is as follows: available aspartic acid yr 1.5965x 0.2450m R2O0.7444N P0.0001 available threonine yr 1.5641x 0.0878U R20.7069P0.0001 effective serine YT 1.6708x 0.0314r2n 0.7762P0.0001 available glutamic acid Y=1.5713x 0.8140,R2=0.7667,P0.0001鏈夋晥鐢樻皑閰竬=1.6093x-0.1395,R2=0.6786,P0.0001鏈夋晥涓欐皑閰竬=1.6461x-0.0048,R2=0.7358,P0.0001鏈夋晥鍗婅儽姘ㄩ吀y=1.4754x 0.0494,R2=0.7476,P0.0001鏈夋晥缂皑閰竬=1.5906x 0.0580,R2=0.7303,P0.0001鏈夋晥铔嬫皑閰竬=1.6197x-0.0017,R2=0.6861,P0.0001鏈夋晥寮備寒姘ㄩ吀y=1.6195x 0.0049,R2=0.7351,P0.0001鏈夋晥浜皑閰竬=1.6686x 0.0066,R2=0.7605,P0.0001鏈夋晥閰皑閰竬=1.6472x 0.0070,R2=0.7375,P0.0001鏈夋晥缁勬皑閰竬=1.7185x 0.1451,R2=0.7590,P0.0001鏈夋晥鑻笝姘ㄩ吀 Yr 1.4997x 0.17497x 0.1743C R2N 0.7352n P 0.0001 effective lysine yr 1.6729x-0.1165N R2O0.7545N P 0.0001 effective arginine yttrium 1.7185x 0.1451R2O0.7590P0.0001 proline y2.2844x-0.4718r20.4718r20.8864kP0.0001 where the content of certain amino acid in the sample of each gram of cottonseed meal is (g) 脳 dry matter digestibility of cottonseed meal in vitro (%). In predicting the metabolic energy of cottonseed meal, the following regression equations can be obtained by establishing the relationship between the conventional composition and the metabolizable energy of cottonseed meal: apparent metabolic energy 13.31.0.33 CF+ -0.19ADF% 0.13NDF% (R2O0.4965P0. 0046), true metabolizable energy 15.10-0.31CF-0.19ADF% 0.12NDF% (R2O0.4923P0.0050), and EME 15.10-0.31CF-0.19ADF% 0.12NDF% (R2O0.4923P0.0050).
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S816
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