奶牛乳腺菌群与饲料、土壤及粪便菌群的关联性分析

发布时间：2018-07-26 08:55

【摘要】：为解析奶牛乳腺菌群结构特征及影响菌群结构的可能因素,本文从呼和浩特某规模化牧场随机选出9头荷斯坦奶牛收集牛奶、粪便、饲料以及土壤样品,利用高通量测序对各样品菌群结构进行了分析。结果如下:4类样品共检出156个科(Family)。其中,乳样共检出76个科,优势菌为莫拉菌科、黄杆菌科、根瘤菌科和柄杆菌科,相对丰度分别占49%、15%、4%和9%;粪便样检共测出25个科,优势菌为瘤胃球菌科、理研菌科和毛螺旋菌科,相对丰度分别占46%、11%和7%;饲料样共检测出84个科,优势菌为肠杆菌科、鞘脂单胞菌科、根瘤菌科、假单胞菌科、红杆菌科和乳杆菌科,相对丰度分别占16%、9%、8%、7%、6%和6%;土壤样检测出89个科,优势菌为类诺卡氏菌科、间包囊菌科、微球菌科、动性球菌科、鞘脂单胞菌科,相对丰度分别占9%、7%、6%、6%和5%。4类样品间的比较分析表明,乳样、粪样、饲料样和土壤样共享菌为15个科,相似度为11%,莫拉菌为优势菌;乳样和粪样共有菌17个科,相似度为34%,优势菌为莫拉菌科;乳样和饲料样共有菌67个科,相似度为84%,优势菌为莫拉菌科;乳样和土壤样共有菌68个科,相似度为82%,优势菌为莫拉菌科。样品间相似度结果表明,乳样和饲料样的菌种最高,说明乳房菌群组成与饲料样菌群关系密切,提示饲料样的菌群组成可能影响奶牛乳腺菌群组成,这为奶牛乳房炎的预防工作提供了可参考的理论依据。
[Abstract]:In order to analyze the structural characteristics of mammary gland flora of dairy cows and the possible factors affecting the structure of the flora, 9 Holstein cows were randomly selected from a large scale pasture in Hohhot to collect milk, feces, feed and soil samples. The microflora structure of each sample was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. The results were as follows: 156 families of (Family). Were detected in the following four types of samples Among them, 76 families were detected in milk samples, and the dominant bacteria were Moralidae, xanthobacteriaceae, rhizobiaceae and stigionidae, with relative abundance of 4915.4% and 9.00%, respectively, and 25 families of fecal samples were detected, and the dominant bacteria were Rumen Staphylococcus. The relative abundance of Rhizobiaceae and Helicaceae accounted for 46% and 7% respectively, 84 families were detected in feed samples, the dominant bacteria were Enterobacteriaceae, sphingomonas, Rhizobiaceae, Pseudomonas, Erythrobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus, and the main bacteria were Enterobacteriaceae, sphingomonas, Rhizobiaceae, Pseudomonas, Erythrobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus. The relative abundance accounted for 76% and 6%, respectively, and 89 families were detected in soil samples. The dominant bacteria were Nocardiaceae, Mesocystis, Micrococcus, Acinetococcus, Vannomonas, and the relative abundance accounted for 97.66% and 5.4% of the samples, respectively. Milk samples, feces samples, feed samples and soil samples had 15 families, with similarity of 11 and Mora bacteria as the dominant bacteria; milk and fecal samples had 17 families with the similarity of 34 and the dominant bacteria were Moralidae; milk samples and feed samples had 67 families of bacteria. The similarity is 84, the dominant bacteria is Moralidae, milk sample and soil sample belong to 68 families, the similarity is 82, and the dominant bacteria is Moralidae. The results of similarity between samples showed that milk sample and feed sample had the highest species, which indicated that the composition of mammary microflora was closely related to that of forage-like bacteria, which suggested that the composition of feed sample might affect the composition of milk cow mammary flora. This provides a theoretical basis for the prevention of mastitis in dairy cows.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S823

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