刈割对羊草草原土壤酶活性和养分含量的影响

发布时间：2018-08-05 10:55

【摘要】：土壤酶是土壤生态系统中最活跃的组分之一,是土壤中重要的生物活性物质,草地土壤酶活性与草地土壤养分含量关系密切。本文研究了刈割制度对呼伦贝尔羊草草原土壤酶活性和养分的影响,主要结果为:土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶对刈割制度的响应较为敏感,与逐年刈割相比,刈割间隔2年到6年草地0~30cm土壤的脲酶活性提高了0.34~0.64倍,碱性磷酸酶活性降低了28.9%~44.2%。刈割对草地30~60cm土壤养分含量影响更大,表现为土壤全氮、速效氮、全磷、速效钾和速效磷含量在各处理间0~30cm土壤中没有显著的变化,仅6年1割样地较逐年刈割样地土壤有机质含量增加了10.5%;随刈割间隔年限的增加,30~60cm土壤全氮和有机质含量变化范围分别为0.36~0.66g/kg和12.26~17.73g/kg,并且速效钾和速效磷含量都有降低的趋势。不同刈割制度下草地土壤养分含量与土壤酶活性的关系不尽相同,正负兼有。研究结果表明逐年刈割对土壤养分的影响有限,逐年刈割适用于该研究区的草地管理。
[Abstract]:Soil enzyme is one of the most active components in soil ecosystem and is an important bioactive material in soil. The soil enzyme activity of grassland is closely related to soil nutrient content in grassland. The effects of cutting system on soil enzyme activity and nutrients in Leymus chinensis grassland were studied. The main results were as follows: soil urease and alkaline phosphatase were more sensitive to cutting system than annual cutting. Urease activity of 0~30cm soil increased by 0.34 ~ 0.64 times and alkaline phosphatase activity decreased by 28.9 ~ 44.2times in grassland soil between 2 and 6 years after cutting. The effect of cutting on soil nutrient content of 30~60cm was more significant, showing that the contents of soil total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available potassium and available phosphorus had no significant change in 0~30cm soil. The total nitrogen and organic matter content in the soil of 30 ~ 60cm soil increased by 10.5g / kg with the increase of cutting interval in 6 years, and the change range of soil total nitrogen and organic matter content were 0.36~0.66g/kg and 12.26 ~ (17.73) g / kg, respectively, and the available potassium and available phosphorus contents had a tendency to decrease. The relationship between soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activity in different cutting systems was different, both positive and negative. The results showed that the effect of annual cutting on soil nutrients was limited, and the annual cutting was suitable for grassland management in the study area.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所;齐齐哈尔大学;呼伦贝尔国家野外站中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所;
【基金】：国家牧草产业技术体系课题(CARS-35) 公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(201303060) 草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLGAE201506)资助
【分类号】：S812.2

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