不同肉牛品种育肥与屠宰性能的比较研究

发布时间：2018-08-15 13:40

【摘要】：[目的]研究马关县不同品种肉牛的育肥及肉质特点。[方法]选取马关县主要饲养的黄牛、瘤牛、西门塔尔杂交牛和短角杂交牛进行育肥与屠宰试验。[结果]黄牛、瘤牛、西门塔尔杂交牛和短角杂交牛平均日增重分别为0.94kg、0.87kg、1.93和1.67kg,每公斤增重所需饲料干物质为10.5、13.43、5.59和6.46kg;屠宰率分别为59.4%、61.7%、55.0%和55.1%,胴体产肉率分别为83.3%、83.2%、82.5%和80.7%;不同品种肉牛的胴体重、产肉量、特级、高档和优质肉块的产量,以及眼肌面积主要决定于屠宰前活重;西门塔尔杂交牛的背膘厚度与其他品种相比较小,大理石花纹也较差,背最长肌的脂肪含量也最低;背最长肌肌纤维直径西门塔尔杂交牛和短角杂交牛的最细,瘤牛和黄牛较粗,而嫩度值各品种间差异不大。[结论]黄牛和瘤牛育肥性能较差,但具有较好的屠宰性能。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the characteristics of fattening and meat quality of different breeds of beef cattle in Maguan County. [methods] the fattening and slaughtering experiments were carried out in cattle, Simmental crossbred cattle and short-horned crossbred cattle, which were mainly raised in Maguan County. [results] cattle, cattle, The average daily gain of Simmental crossbred cattle and short-horned crossbred cattle were 0.94kg / kg 0.87kg / kg and 1.67kg / kg respectively, and the dry matter of feed needed per kg gain was 10.5kg / kg 13.43 kg / kg and 6.46kg / kg respectively, and the carcass weight and meat yield of different breeds of beef cattle were 83.33.23.2kg and 82.5%, respectively, and the carcass weight and meat yield of different breeds of beef cattle were 83.33.22.52% and 80.7kg, respectively, and the slaughter rates were 59.41.7kg and 55.1kg respectively. The yield of super grade, high grade and high quality meat and the area of eye muscle are mainly determined by the live weight before slaughter, the thickness of backfat of Simmental crossbred cattle is smaller than that of other breeds, the marbling pattern is also poor, and the fat content of longissimus dorsi muscle is also the lowest. The longissimus dorsi muscle fiber diameter Simmental crossbred cattle and short-horned crossbred cattle were the finest, while the Taurus and yellow cattle were thicker, but the tenderness values were not different among the varieties. [conclusion] cattle and cattle had poor fattening performance, but had better slaughter performance.
【作者单位】：云南农业大学动物科学技术学院;云南省马关县农业局;
【基金】：马关县农业局委托项目
【分类号】：S823

【相似文献】