延平区猪伪狂犬病血清学调查及其防控措施的探讨

发布时间：2018-08-15 14:25

【摘要】：猪伪狂犬病(Pseudorabies,PR)是由伪狂犬病毒(Pseudorabiesvirus,PRV)引起的一种急性传染病,给畜牧业,特别是养猪业发展造成巨大经济损失。为了制定符合当地生产特点的PR净化方案,本课题于2012至2016年期间采用gE-ELISA方法对延平区养殖场猪群PRV野毒感染的情况进行血清学调查,并通过制定PR综合防控措施,对延平区某规模化养猪场开展PR净化试点工作,为该区域PR防制工作提供参考,结果如下:1.在2012年1月至2016年12月期间,我们采集了福建省南平市延平区各乡镇不同规模猪场不同批次共2945份血清样品。流行病学调查结果表明:(1)延平区规模化猪场的猪群猪伪狂犬病毒gE阳性率在2014年之前呈逐年递增趋势,其中2013到2014年之间出现快速上升达到31.9%,之后开始下降;(2)不同地区的猪群猪伪狂犬病毒gE阳性率为6.5%-44.8%,其中规模化养殖程度越高的地区猪群猪伪狂犬病毒gE阳性率越低;(3)不同规模的猪群猪伪狂犬病毒gE阳性率为21.4%-37.6%,其中养猪场的规模越大其猪伪狂犬病毒gE阳性性率越低;(4)不同类型猪群的猪群猪伪狂犬病毒gE阳性率为19.7%-37.9%,其中后备母猪的猪伪狂犬病毒gE阳性率最低,经产母猪的猪伪狂犬病毒gE阳性率最高。2.基于此次猪伪狂犬病毒gE阳性率调查结果,我们制定了 PR综合防控措施并在本区域内三个不同PR污染程度的规模化猪场中试点。综合防控措施包括:严格的种源管理、严格的猪群PRV疫苗免疫程序、定期的猪群PRV抗体及野毒感染监测、常规的无害化处理以及生产管理制度。经过三年(2014-2016年期)PR综合防控措施的实施,PR重度污染猪场的PRV-gE抗体阳性率从91.5%下降到24.7%,PR中度污染猪场的PRV-gE抗体阳性率从39.0%下降到3.1%,PR轻度污染猪场的PRV-gE抗体阳性率从8.6%下降到0.2%,而同期当地非PR净化试点猪场的PRV-gE抗体阳性率则从20.2%上升到30.7%。综上所述,通过流行病学调查我们发现延平区规模化猪场的PRV感染呈现出与养殖方式以及养殖规模密切相关的特点。为实现PR防制目标,我们认为养猪场在采取PR净化一般措施的基础上,不同猪场还应制定和实施针对性PR净化措施。
[Abstract]:Pseudorabies virus (PR) is an acute infectious disease caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV), which has caused great economic losses to animal husbandry, especially to the development of pig industry. In order to establish PR purification scheme according to the local production characteristics, the gE-ELISA method was used to investigate serological infection of PRV wild virus in swine farms in Yanping district from 2012 to 2016, and PR comprehensive prevention and control measures were established. A pilot project of PR purification was carried out in a large-scale pig farm in Yanping District, which provided a reference for PR prevention and control in this area. The results are as follows: 1. From January 2012 to December 2016, we collected 2945 serum samples from pig farms of different sizes in different villages and towns in Yanping District, Nanping City, Fujian Province. The results of epidemiological investigation showed that: (1) the positive rate of pseudorabies virus (GE) in large scale pig farms in Yanping District was increasing year by year before 2014. The positive rate of pseudorabies virus (GE) in different areas was 6.5-44.8, and the positive rate of pseudorabies virus (GE) was higher in the areas where the scale of breeding was higher. (3) the positive rate of pseudorabies virus (GE) was 21.4-37.6g in pig herd of different size, in which, the larger the scale of pig farm, the lower the positive rate of pseudorabies virus (GE); (4) the positive rate of pseudorabies virus (GE) was 19.7-37.9in different types of pig herd. The positive rate of boar pseudorabies virus (GE) was the lowest in sows. The positive rate of pseudorabies virus (GE) was the highest in sows. Based on the results of the investigation on the positive rate of porcine pseudorabies virus (PRV), we have established comprehensive prevention and control measures for PR and tested them in three large-scale pig farms with different PR pollution levels in our region. Comprehensive prevention and control measures include: strict provenance management, strict immunization procedures for swine PRV vaccine, regular surveillance of swine PRV antibody and wild virus infection, routine innocuous treatment and production management system. After three years (2014-2016) implementation of comprehensive PR prevention and control measures, the positive rate of PRV-gE antibody in PR heavily polluted pig farm decreased from 91.5% to 24.7R moderately polluted pig farm from 39.0% to 3.1%. The positive rate of PRV-gE antibody in mildly polluted pig farm decreased from 91.5% to 24.7%. The positive rate of PRV-gE antibody increased from 20.2% to 30.7% in the local non-PR experimental pig farm during the same period. To sum up, we found that the PRV infection in large-scale pig farms in Yanping district was closely related to the way of breeding and the scale of breeding. In order to achieve the goal of PR prevention and control, we think that different pig farms should also formulate and implement targeted PR purification measures on the basis of the general measures of PR purification.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S858.28

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