大熊猫（Ailuropoda melanoleuca）伴生动物的尿液挥发性成分分析

发布时间：2018-08-17 12:28

【摘要】：本文利用气相色谱-质谱联用的方法,对大熊猫的六种伴生动物金钱豹、云豹、豺、梅花鹿、水鹿、岩羊的尿液挥发性成分进行了分析,草食动物与肉食动物尿液中都含有烷烃、脂类、酸类、酚类、醇等化合物,但肉食动物尿液中普遍含有C_(24)H_(50)S_2,而食草动物普遍缺失这种物质。本文利用0.4%、0.6%、0.8%三种不同浓度C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味对大熊猫进行行为测试,主要研究结果如下:1不同浓度C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味对大熊猫探究行为时间的影响:大熊猫对C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味的探究行为时间均显著多于空白对照组。大熊猫暴露在三种不同浓度的C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味的情况下下探究行为时间有着显著差异。其中,大熊猫对0.6%浓度的气味的探究行为时间要显著高于0.4%浓度的气味(P0.01)。同样,对0.6%浓度的气味的探究时间也显著高于0.8%浓度的气味(P0.01)。0.4%浓度的气味探究时间与0.8%浓度的探究时间差异性不显著(P=0.534)。2不同浓度C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味对大熊猫弗雷曼行为频次的影响:大熊猫对C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味表现弗雷曼行为频次均显著多于空白对照组。大熊猫对0.6%浓度的气味表现出的弗雷曼行为频次要显著高于0.4%浓度的气味(P0.01),对0.6%浓度的气味的表现出的弗雷曼行为频次也显著高于0.8%浓度的气味(P0.05)。0.4%浓度的气味表现出的弗雷曼行为频次与0.8%浓度的气味差异不显著(P=0.521)。3不同浓度C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味对大熊猫警惕行为频次和逃避行为的影响:对照组大熊猫没有表现出任何警惕行为,并且警惕行为在每个组出现的次数都比较少.有6只大熊猫刚接触到C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味时出现了逃避行为,大熊猫对0.6%浓度C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味表现出的警惕行为多于0.4%和0.8%浓度C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味。4不同浓度C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味对大熊猫雌雄个体之间的影响:雌雄个体间对C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味的探究行为时间存在显著差异;雌雄个体对C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味表现出的弗雷曼行为频次存在显著差异,两种行为均为雄性多于雌性;大熊猫雌雄个体之间对C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味表现出的警惕行为没有显著差异。以上结果表明:C_(24)H_(50)S_2是捕食者尿液中导致大熊猫恐惧等行为反应的有效物质,并且大熊猫能够分辨不同浓度C_(24)H_(50)S_2气味,并在行为表现出差异,同时圈养大熊猫的逃避行为有一定的退化。
[Abstract]:By gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), the urine volatile components of six associated animals of giant panda, such as the leopard, the cloud leopard, the jackal, the sika, the water deer and the rock sheep, were analyzed. Alkanes, lipids, acids, phenols and alcohols are found in the urine of herbivorous and carnivorous animals, but C24 H50 S2 is commonly found in the urine of carnivorous animals, which is generally absent in herbivores. Three different concentrations of C24 H50 S2 odors were used to test the behavior of giant pandas. The main results were as follows: the effects of different concentrations of C24 H50 S2 on the time of inquiry behavior of giant panda: the time of exploring behavior of panda to C24 H50 SSP 2 was significantly longer than that of control group. There were significant differences in the time of inquiry behavior of giant pandas exposed to three different concentrations of C24H50S2 odors. Among them, the exploring behavior time of the panda for the odour of 0.6% concentration was significantly higher than that of the 0.4% concentration (P0.01). same The investigation time of 0.6% odor was also significantly higher than that of 0.8% odor (P0.01) .0.4% concentration. There was no significant difference between 0.8% concentration and 0.8% concentration (P0. 534) .2 the effect of different concentration of C24 H50 S2 odors on freeman behavior frequency of giant panda (P0. 534). The frequency of Freeman behavior of giant panda to C _ (24) H _ (50) S _ 2 was significantly higher than that of control group. The freeman behavior frequency of the panda for the odors of 0.6% concentration was significantly higher than that of 0.4% (P0.01), and the frequency of Freeman behavior for the odors of 0.6% concentration was significantly higher than that of the odors of 0.8% concentration (P0.05). There was no significant difference between the frequency of Freeman behavior and the odour of 0.8% concentration (P0. 521). 3 the effects of different concentrations of C24 H50 S2 odor on the frequency of alert behavior and escape behavior of giant panda: the control group did not show any vigilance behavior. And alert behavior appears less frequently in each group. Six pandas had escaped behavior when they first came into contact with the smell of C24 H50 Ss2. The panda showed more alert behavior than 0.4% and 0.8% C24H50 S2 to the odors of 0.6% C24H50S2 and 0.8% C24H50S2. The effects of different concentrations of C24H50S2 on female and male Giant Panda: there were significant differences in the time of exploring C24H50 S2 scent between male and female. There was significant difference in Freeman behavior frequency between male and female to C24H50S2 smell, the two behaviors were male more than female, but there was no significant difference between female and female to C24H50S2 smell. The results show that: C24 H50 SK2 is an effective substance in predator urine that causes behavior responses such as panda's fear, and the panda can distinguish the smell of C24 H50 S2 at different concentrations and show differences in behavior. At the same time, the escape behavior of captive giant panda has a certain degradation.
【学位授予单位】：四川农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S852.2

【相似文献】