肉羊饲料混合搅拌机混料系统的优化与试验研究
发布时间：2018-08-18 14:19
【摘要】：随着我国居民收入的持续增长和生活水平的不断提高,羊肉以其独特的风味,健康的安全特质和较高的营养价值越来越受到消费者的青睐。传统的精粗分饲养殖技术已不适应现代化肉羊产业的发展要求,全混合日粮(TMR)作为一种新兴的养殖技术,在肉羊养殖业中已然兴起。然而市场现有的全混合日粮搅拌机主要应用于奶牛全混合日粮的制备,其生产的饲料粒度一般较大,由于肉羊与奶牛生理结构上的差异,不适宜肉羊采食。因此,本文在前期研究基础之上,搭建饲料混合搅拌机混料系统试验装置并对其进行试验研究,探寻制备肉羊全混合日粮的最佳工作参数组合。(1)确定了饲料混合搅拌机混料系统试验装置的总体设计方案,并进行了混合室的设计,出料门的设计,螺旋搅龙的设计,控制及传动系统的设计。利用Solid Works软件绘制了整机三维模型并进行了试验装置的整机制造。(2)利用离散元软件EDEM进行了物料混合过程的模拟仿真。通过分析物料运动轨迹阐述了本机的混合原理,并通过统计混合过程中不同时刻不同物料的接触数量分析了物料混合质量,验证了总体设计方案的可行性。(3)根据总体设计方案搭建饲料混合搅拌机混料系统试验装置,并对其进行了试验研究。采用二次正交旋转组合试验方法设计试验方案,以搅龙转速、加工时间、充满系数和梅花刀片个数作为试验因素,以混合均匀度、适口比例和细粉率作为试验评价指标,借用Design-Expert软件和Excel软件对试验结果进行了数据处理与分析,获得了各评价指标与试验因素之间的函数关系以及单因素对评价指标的作用曲线和双因素作用对评价指标的响应曲面图。(4)根据相关资料和标准对混合均匀度、适口比例和细粉率的范围进行界定,借助Design-Expert软件的优化求解功能对试验数据进行优化求解,寻找混合均匀度小于20%,适口比例大于80%,细粉率小于30%的各试验因素的取值范围。通过参数优化与试验验证得到了可信度较高的最佳工作参数组合,即当搅龙转速取16~18r/min,加工时间取26~31min,充满系数取40%,梅花刀片数量取5个/导程时,可获得变异系数小于20%,适口比例大于80%,细粉率小于30%的满足肉羊采食要求的全混合日粮。(5)本文所取得的结论为后续研制性能优良的肉羊TMR搅拌机提供了参考依据。
[Abstract]:With the continuous increase of income and the improvement of living standard, mutton has been more and more popular with consumers for its unique flavor, healthy safety and high nutritional value. The traditional fine and coarse feed farming technology has not been able to meet the requirements of the development of modern meat sheep industry. As a new breeding technology, total mixed ration (TMR) has emerged in the meat sheep breeding industry. However, the existing mixers are mainly used in the preparation of dairy cows' total mixed diets, the feed size of which is generally larger. Because of the difference of physiological structure between meat sheep and dairy cattle, it is not suitable for meat sheep to feed. Therefore, on the basis of the previous research, this paper builds the experimental equipment of the mixing system of feed mixing mixer and carries on the experimental research on it. To find out the best working parameter combination of preparing meat sheep total mixed ration. (1) the overall design scheme of the mixing system test device of feed mixing mixer was determined, and the design of mixing chamber, discharge door and screw churning dragon were carried out. Control and drive system design. The 3D model of the whole machine is drawn by using Solid Works software and the whole machine is manufactured. (2) the material mixing process is simulated by the discrete element software EDEM. The mixing principle of this machine is expounded by analyzing the moving track of materials, and the mixing quality is analyzed by counting the contact quantity of different materials at different time in the mixing process. The feasibility of the overall design scheme was verified. (3) according to the overall design scheme, the mixing system test equipment of feed mixing mixer was built, and its experimental study was carried out. The test scheme was designed by using the method of quadratic orthogonal rotation combined test. The factors such as the rotation speed, processing time, filling coefficient and the number of plum blade were taken as the test factors, and the mixing uniformity, palatability ratio and fine powder ratio were taken as the test evaluation indexes. The test results are processed and analyzed by using Design-Expert software and Excel software. The functional relationship between each evaluation index and the test factors, the action curve of single factor on the evaluation index and the response surface diagram of the double factor action to the evaluation index are obtained. (4) according to the relevant data and standards, the mixing uniformity is obtained. The range of palatability ratio and fine powder rate is defined, and the experimental data are optimized by the function of Design-Expert software. The range of test factors whose mixing uniformity is less than 20, palatability ratio is more than 80 and fine powder ratio is less than 30% is found. Through parameter optimization and test, the best working parameters with high reliability are obtained, that is, when the rotation speed of the stirring dragon is 16 ~ 18r / min, the processing time is 2631min, the filling coefficient is 40m, the number of plum blades is 5 / lead. The coefficient of variation is less than 20, the ratio of palatability is more than 80 and the ratio of fine powder is less than 30%. (5) the conclusion obtained in this paper provides a reference for the further development of TMR mixer with good performance.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S817.12
，
本文编号：2189735
[Abstract]:With the continuous increase of income and the improvement of living standard, mutton has been more and more popular with consumers for its unique flavor, healthy safety and high nutritional value. The traditional fine and coarse feed farming technology has not been able to meet the requirements of the development of modern meat sheep industry. As a new breeding technology, total mixed ration (TMR) has emerged in the meat sheep breeding industry. However, the existing mixers are mainly used in the preparation of dairy cows' total mixed diets, the feed size of which is generally larger. Because of the difference of physiological structure between meat sheep and dairy cattle, it is not suitable for meat sheep to feed. Therefore, on the basis of the previous research, this paper builds the experimental equipment of the mixing system of feed mixing mixer and carries on the experimental research on it. To find out the best working parameter combination of preparing meat sheep total mixed ration. (1) the overall design scheme of the mixing system test device of feed mixing mixer was determined, and the design of mixing chamber, discharge door and screw churning dragon were carried out. Control and drive system design. The 3D model of the whole machine is drawn by using Solid Works software and the whole machine is manufactured. (2) the material mixing process is simulated by the discrete element software EDEM. The mixing principle of this machine is expounded by analyzing the moving track of materials, and the mixing quality is analyzed by counting the contact quantity of different materials at different time in the mixing process. The feasibility of the overall design scheme was verified. (3) according to the overall design scheme, the mixing system test equipment of feed mixing mixer was built, and its experimental study was carried out. The test scheme was designed by using the method of quadratic orthogonal rotation combined test. The factors such as the rotation speed, processing time, filling coefficient and the number of plum blade were taken as the test factors, and the mixing uniformity, palatability ratio and fine powder ratio were taken as the test evaluation indexes. The test results are processed and analyzed by using Design-Expert software and Excel software. The functional relationship between each evaluation index and the test factors, the action curve of single factor on the evaluation index and the response surface diagram of the double factor action to the evaluation index are obtained. (4) according to the relevant data and standards, the mixing uniformity is obtained. The range of palatability ratio and fine powder rate is defined, and the experimental data are optimized by the function of Design-Expert software. The range of test factors whose mixing uniformity is less than 20, palatability ratio is more than 80 and fine powder ratio is less than 30% is found. Through parameter optimization and test, the best working parameters with high reliability are obtained, that is, when the rotation speed of the stirring dragon is 16 ~ 18r / min, the processing time is 2631min, the filling coefficient is 40m, the number of plum blades is 5 / lead. The coefficient of variation is less than 20, the ratio of palatability is more than 80 and the ratio of fine powder is less than 30%. (5) the conclusion obtained in this paper provides a reference for the further development of TMR mixer with good performance.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S817.12
，
本文编号：2189735
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