不同蛋白水平日粮影响仔猪肝脏氨基酸代谢的研究
发布时间：2018-08-19 20:22
【摘要】：本课题通过选取18头健康、体重20±1.1 kg的杜长大去势仔猪,采用14%、17%和20%三种不同蛋白(CP)水平日粮饲喂仔猪,平衡日粮中的赖氨酸(Lys)、蛋氨酸(Met)、苏氨酸(Thr)和色氨酸(Trp),结合门静脉-肝静脉--肠系膜静脉-颈动脉血管插管系统,采集采食前后不同时间点的动静脉血液,研究了采食不同CP水平日粮后仔猪门静脉-肝静脉氨基酸的变化规律,进而分析氨基酸在仔猪肝脏的代谢特点,为配制CP日粮提供理论依据。主要研究结果如下:1.本试验旨在仔猪上建立门-肝-肠系膜-颈动脉血管插管系统,为研究仔猪肝脏营养物质的代谢提供技术支撑。选择18头健康去势的杜长大仔猪,体重均为20±1.1 kg,分别在门静脉、肝静脉、肠系膜静脉和颈动脉安装血插管,术后恢复5d,正式试验5d后,将1%对氨基马尿酸(PAH)从肠系膜静脉连续灌注,分别采集采食前0.5h和采食后0.5,1.5,3,5,7.5h门静脉、肝静脉和颈动脉的血液,检测肝静脉和门静脉内PAH的浓度,计算肝静脉和门静脉的血流速度。结果发现:门静脉和肝静脉的血流速度随着采食而上升,门静脉流速最高为2.80 L/h/kg和981.40 m L/min;肝静脉流速达到4.04 L/h/kg和1414.65 m L/min。而且试验过程中安装的导管可以维持血流通畅16d,暗示试验安装导管系统的可行性。18头试猪,其中12头可用于机体肝脏营养物质代谢研究。2.本研究通过饲喂仔猪三种不同CP水平(14%、17%、20%)的日粮,研究了仔猪肝脏氨基酸的代谢规律。采用氨基酸分析仪检测肝静脉、门静脉和颈动脉血浆内游离氨基酸的浓度,通过动静脉浓度差法,计算门静脉氨基酸在仔猪肝脏的代谢规律。结果发现:(1)43%-60%的Lys、25%-45%的Thr和15%-55%的精氨酸(Arg)分别在肝脏代谢,然而对于支链氨基酸(BCAAs),在三种CP水平组(14%、17%、20%)肝脏代谢比例较少,缬氨酸(Val)(4.07%、8.95%、9.52%)、异亮氨酸(Ile)(3.49%、3.61%、7.92%)和亮氨酸(Leu)(4.34%、5.40%、13.39%)分别在仔猪肝脏被代谢利用;(2)肝脏代谢苯丙氨酸(Phe)分别达到79.39%、74.13%、63.00%,酪氨酸(Tyr)分别为92.30%、87.34%、77.41%,即大量Phe和Tyr在仔猪肝脏代谢;而肝脏对谷氨酸(Glu)和天冬氨酸(Asp)有大量净产生;(3)与20%CP组相比,14%CP组显著降低了食后0.5-1.5h仔猪门静脉、肝静脉血液内TAAs和TEAAs的浓度(P0.05),而与17%CP组无显著差异(P0.05);14%CP组仔猪肝脏代谢利用的TAAs、TEAAs、Lys、Val、Phe、甘氨酸(Gly)、丝氨酸(Ser)显著高于20%CP组(P0.05),与17%CP组差异不显著(P0.05),同时14%CP组Glu和Asp在仔猪肝脏合成量最高(P0.05);且17%CP组仔猪肝脏对Thr、Leu、Ile的代谢利用效率显著低于14%CP组(P0.05);(4)Val(48.94%vs.7.51%)、Ile(37.29%vs.5.01%)和Leu(56.56%vs.7.71%)在仔猪肠道和肝脏代谢差异较大,肝脏几乎不代谢BCAAs,值得注意的是Tyr(139.34%)和丙氨酸(Ala)(135.9%)在肠道以合成为主,在肝脏Tyr(85.68%)和Ala(77.22%)大量被代谢,且几乎所有的Glu和95.11%的Asp在肠道代谢,而在肝脏则有大量合成。根据试验得出以下结论:1.采用平衡Lys、Met、Thr和Trp的低CP日粮饲喂仔猪,提高了仔猪肝脏内EAAs的代谢率,然而Glu和Asp随着日粮CP水平降低,在肝脏的净合成增加;2.代谢量在肝脏与肠道相当的氨基酸,如Lys、Thr等;肝脏内代谢较少的氨基酸,如Val、Ile等;在肝脏内既合成又降解,以合成为主的氨基酸,如Glu、Asp等;在肝脏内既合成又降解,以降解为主的氨基酸,如:Phe、Ala等;因此,肝脏对氨基酸代谢利用受到日粮CP水平和氨基酸种类的影响。
[Abstract]:In this study, 18 healthy adult castrated piglets weighing 20 (+1.1 kg) were fed a diet of 14%, 17% and 20% different protein (CP) levels. Lys, Met, Thr and Trp in the diet were balanced, and portal-hepatic vein-mesenteric vein-carotid artery intubation system was used to collect data. The changes of amino acids in portal vein and hepatic vein of piglets fed diets with different CP levels were studied before and after feeding, and the metabolic characteristics of amino acids in the liver of piglets were analyzed to provide theoretical basis for preparing CP diets. The main results were as follows: 1. Carotid artery intubation system was used to provide technical support for the study of nutrient metabolism in the liver of piglets.Eighteen healthy castrated Du-Da piglets, weighing 20 The blood samples of portal vein, hepatic vein and carotid artery were collected at 0.5 h before and 0.5 h, 1.5 h, 3 h, 5 h, 7.5 h after feeding. The concentration of PAH in hepatic vein and portal vein was detected and the blood velocity of hepatic vein and portal vein was calculated. L/h/kg and 981.40 m L/min; hepatic venous velocity reaches 4.04 L/h/kg and 1414.65 m L/min.; and the catheter installed during the test can maintain smooth blood flow 16d, suggesting the feasibility of installing the catheter system. *.18 test pigs, 12 of them can be used for liver nutrition of the body. * Xie Yan research.2.. This study is fed piglets three different CP water. The metabolism of amino acids in the liver of piglets was studied on a 14%, 17% and 20% diet. The concentrations of free amino acids in the plasma of hepatic vein, portal vein and carotid artery were measured by amino acid analyzer. The metabolism of portal vein amino acids in the liver of piglets was calculated by arteriovenous concentration difference method. - 55% arginine (Arg) was metabolized in the liver, whereas branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) were metabolized in the liver of piglets at three CP levels (14%, 17%, 20%) with less proportion of liver metabolism, valine (Val) (4.07%, 8.95%, 9.52%), isoleucine (Ile) (3.49%, 3.61%, 7.92%) and leucine (Leu) (4.34%, 5.40%, 13.39%) metabolized in the liver of piglets respectively; (2) benzene was metabolized in the liver of piglets. Alanine (Phe) was 79.39%, 74.13%, 63.00%, tyrosine (Tyr) was 92.30%, 87.34%, 77.41%, that is, a large amount of Phe and Tyr were metabolized in the liver of piglets, while liver glutamic acid (Glu) and aspartate (Asp) were produced in large quantities; (3) Compared with 20% CP group, 14% CP group significantly reduced TAAs and TEAA in portal vein, hepatic vein blood of piglets at 0.5-1.5 h postprandial. The concentrations of TAAs, TEAAs, Lys, Val, Phe, Gly and Ser in 14% CP group were significantly higher than those in 20% CP group (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between 17% CP group and 17% CP group (P 0.05). Metabolic utilization efficiency of Ile was significantly lower than that of 14% CP group (P 0.05); (4) Val (48.94% vs. 7.51%), Ile (37.29% vs. 5.01%) and Leu (56.56% vs. 7.71%) were significantly different in intestine and liver metabolism of piglets, and liver almost did not metabolize BCAAs. It was noteworthy that Tyr (139.34%) and alanine (Ala) (135.9%) were mainly synthesized in intestine, and Tyr (85.68%) and Ala (77.22%) in liver. Almost all of Glu and 95.11% of Asp were metabolized in the intestine and were synthesized in the liver. According to the experiment, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. Low CP diets with balanced Lys, Met, Thr and Trp increased EAAs metabolism in the liver of piglets. However, the net synthesis of Glu and Asp in the liver increased with the decrease of dietary CP levels. 2. Amino acids, such as Lys and Thr, which are similar to those in the liver and intestine; amino acids, such as Val and Ile, which are less metabolized in the liver; synthetic and degraded amino acids, such as Glu and Asp, which are mainly synthesized and degraded in the liver; amino acids, such as Phe and Ala, which are mainly degraded, are synthesized and degraded in the liver; therefore, the metabolism and utilization of amino acids by the liver is affected. The effects of dietary CP level and amino acid type were studied.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5
本文编号：2192734
[Abstract]:In this study, 18 healthy adult castrated piglets weighing 20 (+1.1 kg) were fed a diet of 14%, 17% and 20% different protein (CP) levels. Lys, Met, Thr and Trp in the diet were balanced, and portal-hepatic vein-mesenteric vein-carotid artery intubation system was used to collect data. The changes of amino acids in portal vein and hepatic vein of piglets fed diets with different CP levels were studied before and after feeding, and the metabolic characteristics of amino acids in the liver of piglets were analyzed to provide theoretical basis for preparing CP diets. The main results were as follows: 1. Carotid artery intubation system was used to provide technical support for the study of nutrient metabolism in the liver of piglets.Eighteen healthy castrated Du-Da piglets, weighing 20 The blood samples of portal vein, hepatic vein and carotid artery were collected at 0.5 h before and 0.5 h, 1.5 h, 3 h, 5 h, 7.5 h after feeding. The concentration of PAH in hepatic vein and portal vein was detected and the blood velocity of hepatic vein and portal vein was calculated. L/h/kg and 981.40 m L/min; hepatic venous velocity reaches 4.04 L/h/kg and 1414.65 m L/min.; and the catheter installed during the test can maintain smooth blood flow 16d, suggesting the feasibility of installing the catheter system. *.18 test pigs, 12 of them can be used for liver nutrition of the body. * Xie Yan research.2.. This study is fed piglets three different CP water. The metabolism of amino acids in the liver of piglets was studied on a 14%, 17% and 20% diet. The concentrations of free amino acids in the plasma of hepatic vein, portal vein and carotid artery were measured by amino acid analyzer. The metabolism of portal vein amino acids in the liver of piglets was calculated by arteriovenous concentration difference method. - 55% arginine (Arg) was metabolized in the liver, whereas branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) were metabolized in the liver of piglets at three CP levels (14%, 17%, 20%) with less proportion of liver metabolism, valine (Val) (4.07%, 8.95%, 9.52%), isoleucine (Ile) (3.49%, 3.61%, 7.92%) and leucine (Leu) (4.34%, 5.40%, 13.39%) metabolized in the liver of piglets respectively; (2) benzene was metabolized in the liver of piglets. Alanine (Phe) was 79.39%, 74.13%, 63.00%, tyrosine (Tyr) was 92.30%, 87.34%, 77.41%, that is, a large amount of Phe and Tyr were metabolized in the liver of piglets, while liver glutamic acid (Glu) and aspartate (Asp) were produced in large quantities; (3) Compared with 20% CP group, 14% CP group significantly reduced TAAs and TEAA in portal vein, hepatic vein blood of piglets at 0.5-1.5 h postprandial. The concentrations of TAAs, TEAAs, Lys, Val, Phe, Gly and Ser in 14% CP group were significantly higher than those in 20% CP group (P 0.05), and there was no significant difference between 17% CP group and 17% CP group (P 0.05). Metabolic utilization efficiency of Ile was significantly lower than that of 14% CP group (P 0.05); (4) Val (48.94% vs. 7.51%), Ile (37.29% vs. 5.01%) and Leu (56.56% vs. 7.71%) were significantly different in intestine and liver metabolism of piglets, and liver almost did not metabolize BCAAs. It was noteworthy that Tyr (139.34%) and alanine (Ala) (135.9%) were mainly synthesized in intestine, and Tyr (85.68%) and Ala (77.22%) in liver. Almost all of Glu and 95.11% of Asp were metabolized in the intestine and were synthesized in the liver. According to the experiment, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. Low CP diets with balanced Lys, Met, Thr and Trp increased EAAs metabolism in the liver of piglets. However, the net synthesis of Glu and Asp in the liver increased with the decrease of dietary CP levels. 2. Amino acids, such as Lys and Thr, which are similar to those in the liver and intestine; amino acids, such as Val and Ile, which are less metabolized in the liver; synthetic and degraded amino acids, such as Glu and Asp, which are mainly synthesized and degraded in the liver; amino acids, such as Phe and Ala, which are mainly degraded, are synthesized and degraded in the liver; therefore, the metabolism and utilization of amino acids by the liver is affected. The effects of dietary CP level and amino acid type were studied.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 赵胜军;王林枫;王玲;吴树清;;羊肝、门、肠系膜静脉和颈动脉血管瘘管手术安装及体会[J];饲料工业;2010年S2期
，本文编号：2192734
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/yixuelunwen/dongwuyixue/2192734.html
