吉林省某母猪场哺乳仔猪霉菌毒素中毒的调研
发布时间：2018-08-22 17:44
【摘要】：我国是养猪大国,2015年我国的猪肉消费量超过5700万吨,占世界猪肉总消费量的52%;预计2016年我国生猪出栏量约5.9亿头,约占世界生猪出栏总数的51%。但我国养猪业仍有很大提升空间,其中我国目前存栏能繁母猪3600万头,每头能繁母猪年均出栏15~16头商品猪,和世界先进国家的25头生产水平相差甚远;2015我国能够年均出栏500头的规模化猪场占44%,而美国在2009年,年出栏5000头以上商品猪的规模养殖场占比已经超过62%。我国养猪技术水平的亟待提高,其中提高母猪每胎产子数、降低仔猪死亡率又是重中之重。2013~2015年春节前后,国内(尤其是吉林、江西、安徽、山西、河北、山东等地)母猪大面积出现繁殖障碍等疾病;哺乳仔猪、保育猪也面临呼吸系统与消化系统疾病,尚无有效的预防和治疗措施。针对这种情况,本人走访了吉林省多家规模化猪场和养猪散户,选取一家有代表性的规模化母猪场,从病史、流行病学调查、临床症状检查、病理剖检及组织学观察、实验室检测分析及鉴别诊,综合分析此次疫情的发病原因和防治综合措施。病史调查与流行病学调查结果表明,该母猪场无重大疫病史,本次爆发的哺乳仔猪腹泻疫情发生具有季节性,无传染性。饲喂保育料的保育猪和饲喂公猪料的种公猪未发病。本次疫情发病特征与上次疫情一致。上一次哺乳仔猪腹泻疫情爆发后,按照饲料霉菌毒素中毒方案防控,疫情得到有效控制。发病哺乳仔猪应用抗菌药物和紧急免疫均无明显疗效,按照哺乳仔猪黄痢和猪瘟、猪伪狂犬防控方案无效。玉米及饲料采购来源多变,储存不合理,眼观玉米表面灰尘大。临床症状检查结果显示,哺乳仔猪出生重小,小母猪阴门红肿,吃初乳后开始消化不良,排黄白色凝乳状稀便,个别哺乳仔猪呕吐,走路摇晃,站立困难,周身污秽,最后脱水衰竭死亡,死亡率高,应用多种抗生素无效。哺乳母猪母性弱,被毛粗乱,腹背两侧对称性脱毛,部分母猪流产,产死胎。经产母猪泪斑严重,个别母猪跗关节、髋关节肿胀,蹄冠部蹄裂。育肥猪皮毛灰暗,尿液浅黄,积极啃咬扔进去的石块和铁链,经常出现爬跨、打架等现象。种公猪和保育猪正常。病理剖检和组织病理学观察结果显示,哺乳仔猪皮肤污秽,瘦弱,具有脱水体征,雌性哺乳仔猪阴门呈桃红色,腹股沟淋巴结充血、出血,胃内空虚,胃内容物灰白色,乳凝块如豆渣样,胃幽门腺区充血,胃幽门腺区黏膜脱落,肠道空虚、鼓气,肠壁菲薄,肠系膜淋巴结肿大,乳糜管空虚,未见白色淋巴液,肝脏颜色深,油腻感。胆汁浓稠,有颗粒状沉积,肾脏皮质表面有针尖大出血点,肾脏肾乳头有轻微沉积物血、出血。以上病理剖检结果说明哺乳仔猪消化系统遭到严重损伤。组织病理学结果显示,肝脏S1、S2、S3、S4均有炎细胞浸润,肝小叶界限不清。肾可见炎细胞浸润,肾小管有些自溶,肾S3、S4较S1、S2炎性细胞浸润多。实验室抗体检测结果显示,该母猪场猪瘟免疫不合格,哺乳母猪免疫抗体水平低,哺乳仔猪受哺乳母猪母源抗体影响,猪瘟抗体水平随日龄增加而降低。该母猪场伪狂犬疫苗免疫程序合理,哺乳仔猪首次免疫成功,二次免疫后伪狂犬疫苗保护力下降,需要加强免疫,并做好防护隔离等防疫措施。该母猪场猪蓝耳病抗体变化符合猪蓝耳病稳定场变化规律,说明该母猪场无蓝耳病野毒感染。该母猪场猪圆环病毒2型哺乳母猪免疫成功,仔猪免疫失败,仔猪随日龄增加圆环病毒2型抗体检阳性率逐渐降低,表明仔猪体内存在免疫抑制性疾病。实验室抗原检测结果显示,4头仔猪猪流行性腹泻、猪传染性胃肠炎和口蹄疫均为抗原阴性反应,表明该母猪场未发生猪流行性腹泻、猪传染性胃肠炎和猪口蹄疫流行。实验室玉米和配合饲料6种霉菌毒素的检测结果:被检测样品中,除黄曲霉毒素B1和赭曲霉毒素A污染程度未超过国家标准外,呕吐毒素、T-2毒素、伏马毒素污染程度均超过国家标准。建议该母猪场更换霉变饲料,并尽快做好防控措施,解除霉菌毒素中毒带来的不良影响。本文通过上述诊断方法及结果,探讨该母猪场本次疫情的爆发原因及诊断与防治措施,确诊该母猪场哺乳仔猪因霉菌毒素中毒而死亡,并通过采取更换优质饲料、大量补液、保肝护肾等方法,有效的控制住了疫情发展,达到了调研吉林省该母猪场哺乳仔猪严重腹泻防控的目的。
[Abstract]:China is a big pig-raising country. In 2015, China's pork consumption exceeded 57 million tons, accounting for 52% of the world's total pork consumption; in 2016, China's pig market is estimated to be about 590 million, accounting for 51% of the world's total pig market. However, there is still much room for improvement in China's pig industry, including 36 million sows in China's stock market, each of which can breed the year of the sow. All the 15~16 pigs are far from the 25 leading countries in the world. 2015, China's scale pig farms, which are able to produce 500 pigs a year, account for 44% of the total output. In 2009, the scale of farms in the United States in 2009 has exceeded 5000. The proportion of pig farms in China has exceeded the level of pig breeding. The number of sub groups and the reduction of piglet mortality are the top priority..2013~2015 years before and after the Spring Festival, domestic sows, such as Jilin, Jiangxi, Anhui, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and other places, have a large number of reproductive disorders and other diseases. Lactation piglets and conservation pigs are also suffering from respiratory and digestive diseases, and there are no effective preventive and therapeutic measures. I visited a number of large-scale pig farms and pig farmers in Jilin Province, and selected a representative large-scale sow farm, from the history of disease, epidemiological investigation, clinical symptoms, pathological and histological observation, laboratory analysis and differential diagnosis, comprehensive analysis of the epidemic causes and prevention measures. Epidemiological survey showed that there was no significant history of disease in the sow farm. The outbreak of lactation piglets was seasonal and non infective. The feeding pigs and pigs fed boars were not infected. The incidence of this outbreak coincide with that of the last outbreak. Prevention and control of feed mycotoxins poisoning and effective control of epidemic situation. The application of antibiotics and emergency immunity in lactation piglets had no obvious curative effect. According to suckling piglets yellow dysentery and hog cholera, swine pseudorabies prevention and control program was ineffective. The results showed that suckling piglets had small birth weight, red and swollen pudenda, dyspepsia after colostrum intake, yellowish and white clotted stool, vomiting, shaking, difficult standing, dirty all over the body, and eventually died of dehydration exhaustion, high mortality, ineffective use of a variety of antibiotics. Hair loss, partial sows abortion, stillbirth. Sow * * * is serious, individual sows, joints, joints, swollen joints, hoof and hoof crack. Fattening pig skin is grey, urine is light yellow, actively gnawed and thrown into the stones and chains, and often appears climbing and fighting. Boars and conservation pigs are normal. Pathological examination and histopathological findings are obvious. The results showed that the skin of suckling piglets was dirty, thin and dehydrated. The female suckling piglets had pink vagina, inguinal lymph node congestion, hemorrhage, empty stomach, gray-white gastric contents, milk clot like bean dregs, gastric pyloric gland congestion, gastric pyloric gland mucosa loss, intestinal emptiness, gas, thin intestinal wall, mesenteric lymph node enlargement, chylous duct. There was no white lymph, the liver was dark and greasy. Bile was thick and granular. There was a large bleeding point on the surface of the renal cortex. There was a slight deposit of blood on the renal papilla. The above pathological results showed that the digestive system of suckling piglets was seriously damaged. Inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the kidney, and some autolysis in the renal tubules. Inflammatory cell infiltration was more in kidney S3, S4 than in kidney S1 and S2. Laboratory antibody test results showed that the immunity of swine fever in the sow farm was unqualified, the immune antibody level of suckling sows was low, suckling piglets were affected by maternal antibody of suckling sows, and the antibody level of swine fever increased with age. The vaccination procedure of the sow * * Pseudorabies Vaccine is reasonable. The suckling piglets were immunized successfully for the first time. After the two immunization, the protection of the Pseudorabies Vaccine decreased. * it is necessary to strengthen immunization and do well in the prevention and isolation measures. The antibody changes in the sow farm are in line with the stability of the blue ear disease, indicating that there is no blue ear disease in the sow farm. The sows were vaccinated against sow virus 2 * * *, and the piglets failed to receive immunization. The positive rate of circovirus type 2 was gradually decreased with the age of the piglets, indicating that there were immunosuppressive diseases in piglets. The results of laboratory antigen detection showed that 4 piglets had epidemic diarrhea, transmissible gastroenteritis and foot and mouth disease. All of them were negative for antigen * * *, indicating that there were no swine epidemic diarrhea, transmissible gastroenteritis and Swine Foot and mouth disease in the sow farms. The detection results of 6 mycotoxins in laboratory corn and compound feed: except for aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A, the contamination level of vomit toxin, T-2 toxin and volt were not exceeded that of the national standard. The contamination degree of equine toxin exceeded the national standard. It was suggested that the sow farm should replace mouldy feed and take preventive and control measures as soon as possible to relieve the adverse effects of mycotoxin poisoning. Mycotoxin poisoning and death, through the replacement of high-quality feed, a large number of fluid, liver and kidney protection and other methods, effectively controlled the development of the epidemic, to achieve the investigation of Jilin Province sow farm suckling piglets serious diarrhea prevention and control purposes.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S858.28
本文编号：2197844
[Abstract]:China is a big pig-raising country. In 2015, China's pork consumption exceeded 57 million tons, accounting for 52% of the world's total pork consumption; in 2016, China's pig market is estimated to be about 590 million, accounting for 51% of the world's total pig market. However, there is still much room for improvement in China's pig industry, including 36 million sows in China's stock market, each of which can breed the year of the sow. All the 15~16 pigs are far from the 25 leading countries in the world. 2015, China's scale pig farms, which are able to produce 500 pigs a year, account for 44% of the total output. In 2009, the scale of farms in the United States in 2009 has exceeded 5000. The proportion of pig farms in China has exceeded the level of pig breeding. The number of sub groups and the reduction of piglet mortality are the top priority..2013~2015 years before and after the Spring Festival, domestic sows, such as Jilin, Jiangxi, Anhui, Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and other places, have a large number of reproductive disorders and other diseases. Lactation piglets and conservation pigs are also suffering from respiratory and digestive diseases, and there are no effective preventive and therapeutic measures. I visited a number of large-scale pig farms and pig farmers in Jilin Province, and selected a representative large-scale sow farm, from the history of disease, epidemiological investigation, clinical symptoms, pathological and histological observation, laboratory analysis and differential diagnosis, comprehensive analysis of the epidemic causes and prevention measures. Epidemiological survey showed that there was no significant history of disease in the sow farm. The outbreak of lactation piglets was seasonal and non infective. The feeding pigs and pigs fed boars were not infected. The incidence of this outbreak coincide with that of the last outbreak. Prevention and control of feed mycotoxins poisoning and effective control of epidemic situation. The application of antibiotics and emergency immunity in lactation piglets had no obvious curative effect. According to suckling piglets yellow dysentery and hog cholera, swine pseudorabies prevention and control program was ineffective. The results showed that suckling piglets had small birth weight, red and swollen pudenda, dyspepsia after colostrum intake, yellowish and white clotted stool, vomiting, shaking, difficult standing, dirty all over the body, and eventually died of dehydration exhaustion, high mortality, ineffective use of a variety of antibiotics. Hair loss, partial sows abortion, stillbirth. Sow * * * is serious, individual sows, joints, joints, swollen joints, hoof and hoof crack. Fattening pig skin is grey, urine is light yellow, actively gnawed and thrown into the stones and chains, and often appears climbing and fighting. Boars and conservation pigs are normal. Pathological examination and histopathological findings are obvious. The results showed that the skin of suckling piglets was dirty, thin and dehydrated. The female suckling piglets had pink vagina, inguinal lymph node congestion, hemorrhage, empty stomach, gray-white gastric contents, milk clot like bean dregs, gastric pyloric gland congestion, gastric pyloric gland mucosa loss, intestinal emptiness, gas, thin intestinal wall, mesenteric lymph node enlargement, chylous duct. There was no white lymph, the liver was dark and greasy. Bile was thick and granular. There was a large bleeding point on the surface of the renal cortex. There was a slight deposit of blood on the renal papilla. The above pathological results showed that the digestive system of suckling piglets was seriously damaged. Inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the kidney, and some autolysis in the renal tubules. Inflammatory cell infiltration was more in kidney S3, S4 than in kidney S1 and S2. Laboratory antibody test results showed that the immunity of swine fever in the sow farm was unqualified, the immune antibody level of suckling sows was low, suckling piglets were affected by maternal antibody of suckling sows, and the antibody level of swine fever increased with age. The vaccination procedure of the sow * * Pseudorabies Vaccine is reasonable. The suckling piglets were immunized successfully for the first time. After the two immunization, the protection of the Pseudorabies Vaccine decreased. * it is necessary to strengthen immunization and do well in the prevention and isolation measures. The antibody changes in the sow farm are in line with the stability of the blue ear disease, indicating that there is no blue ear disease in the sow farm. The sows were vaccinated against sow virus 2 * * *, and the piglets failed to receive immunization. The positive rate of circovirus type 2 was gradually decreased with the age of the piglets, indicating that there were immunosuppressive diseases in piglets. The results of laboratory antigen detection showed that 4 piglets had epidemic diarrhea, transmissible gastroenteritis and foot and mouth disease. All of them were negative for antigen * * *, indicating that there were no swine epidemic diarrhea, transmissible gastroenteritis and Swine Foot and mouth disease in the sow farms. The detection results of 6 mycotoxins in laboratory corn and compound feed: except for aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A, the contamination level of vomit toxin, T-2 toxin and volt were not exceeded that of the national standard. The contamination degree of equine toxin exceeded the national standard. It was suggested that the sow farm should replace mouldy feed and take preventive and control measures as soon as possible to relieve the adverse effects of mycotoxin poisoning. Mycotoxin poisoning and death, through the replacement of high-quality feed, a large number of fluid, liver and kidney protection and other methods, effectively controlled the development of the epidemic, to achieve the investigation of Jilin Province sow farm suckling piglets serious diarrhea prevention and control purposes.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S858.28
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相关期刊论文 前3条
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3 史莹华;方丽云;孙宇;许梓荣;王成章;;黄曲霉毒素对猪生长性能及肝脏功能的影响[J];西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版);2007年06期
，本文编号：2197844
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