犬肾功能衰竭的诊治及防制措施的制定

发布时间：2018-08-24 09:03

【摘要】：犬的肾功能衰竭是指其肾脏功能部分或全部丧失的病理状态。根据其发病缓急和病程长短分急性肾功能衰竭和慢性肾功能衰竭。肾脏虽然没有直接与外界相连的通道,不易受到外源物质的损伤,但是肾脏是仅次于大脑和脊髓的再生能力很差的器官,大多情况下,肾脏受到内源性的损伤后很难修复,尤其是在发育不完善的幼龄犬和器官衰竭的老龄犬最为明显。搜集2013年6月~2014年12月期间动物医院犬的肾功能衰竭病例21例,通过对患犬进行发病原因的问诊、临床症状的观察、血液常规检查和生化检查、尿液检查等实验室检查以及影像学(超声波检查和放射学检查)等特殊检查等对疑似病例进行确诊,急性肾衰10例,慢性肾衰11例。采用常规治疗或特殊治疗措施对肾功能衰竭病例进行治疗,急性肾衰的治疗原则是治疗原发病,消炎,排毒,止吐,缓解脱水症状,纠正高磷血症,预防酸中毒,缓解氮质血症,营养疗法以及保肝保肾治疗等;慢性肾衰治疗原则是控制病情发展,恢复代偿,延长生命。治疗结果显示转归各有不同。总结分析患犬肾功能衰竭的致病原因、发病机理、临床诊断、治疗方法,提出相应的综合防制措施。
[Abstract]:Renal failure in dogs is the pathological state of partial or total loss of renal function. Acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF) were divided into acute renal failure and chronic renal failure according to its onset priority and duration. Although the kidney is not directly connected to the outside world, it is not easily damaged by exogenous substances, but the kidney is second only to the poor regeneration ability of the brain and spinal cord. In most cases, it is difficult to repair the kidney after an endogenous injury. Especially in underdeveloped young dogs and organ failure in the elderly dogs are most obvious. From June 2013 to December 2014, 21 cases of renal failure in dogs in animal hospital were collected. The causes, clinical symptoms, blood routine examination and biochemical examination of the dogs were investigated. Laboratory tests such as urine examination and special imaging (ultrasound and radiology) were used to diagnose the suspected cases, including 10 cases of acute renal failure and 11 cases of chronic renal failure. The treatment principle of acute renal failure is to treat primary disease, eliminate inflammation, detoxify, stop vomiting, relieve dehydration, correct hyperphosphatemia and prevent acidosis. The treatment principle of chronic renal failure is to control the development of the disease, recover compensation and prolong life. The outcome of the treatment was different. The causes, pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis and treatment of renal failure in dogs were summarized and analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：河南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.292

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