乳酸菌富硒条件筛选和毒理试验及在断奶仔猪生产上的应用
发布时间：2018-09-17 14:59
【摘要】：在我国目前及未来畜牧业发展中占有重要地位的新型饲料添加剂--安全、高效、无污染的绿色添加剂,已逐渐受到海内外很多研究者的关注,并以此为研发课题进行了大量的研究,开发研究了很多类型的新型饲料添加剂。本试验以乳酸菌发酵米糠富硒生产富硒乳酸菌添加剂为基础,对成品添加剂进行有关毒理试验为前提,开展断奶仔猪饲养试验,探究富硒乳酸菌添加剂在断奶仔猪饲养过程中的饲喂效果,并为其日后在畜禽养殖过程中的实际应用效果提供相关的实践依据。本试验在研究富硒乳酸菌添加剂的基础上进行了三个试验:1.乳酸菌发酵米糠富硒条件的筛选试验用乳酸菌先进行纯化、扩繁培养,之后利用培养好的乳酸菌开展发酵试验。经过一系列的发酵筛选试验后,确定了乳酸菌发酵米糠富硒的最佳条件:米糠添加量34g,培养基装液量55mL/250mL,接种量9%,种龄8-16h,发酵时间48h,发酵温度37℃,亚硒酸钠添加量100μg/mL,在此条件下发酵米糠,乳酸菌的生物量可达9.94g/L,有机硒的生产水平为7.46mg/L。2.富硒乳酸菌对小鼠的蓄积性毒性试验本试验在急性毒性试验的基础上,将40只昆明(KM)小鼠采用完全随机的形式进行分组,并根据KM小鼠每天摄入有效硒的量不同确定为4个组,即40mg/kg组、60mg/kg组和90mg/kg组,每组10只KM小鼠,雄鼠、雌鼠各5只,连续饲养40d,试验期间观察KM小鼠每天的健康状况,同时进行样品的采集工作及后期生长性能、血清抗氧化指标、脏器指数的测定和病理切片的观察,试验结果表明:饲喂不同剂量的富硒乳酸菌制剂能够增加公鼠和母鼠的体重、采食量,并显著降低料重比;对于抗氧化方面发现,饲喂适量的富硒乳酸菌制剂可使公鼠和母鼠的血清抗氧化能力增强,过量反而会降低。结合脏器指数和病理切片来看,结果发现,40mg/kg组母鼠的脏器发育情况和病理切片结果变化最小,60mg/kg和90mg/kg组母鼠肝脏有轻微肿大及颗粒变性现象发生;对于公鼠而言,60mg/kg组公鼠的脏器发育和病理切片结果变化最小。综合公鼠和母鼠的各项指标可以得出,低量的硒制剂对小鼠的生长有一定的促进作用;随着硒制剂剂量的逐渐增加,小鼠的生长发育开始出现受阻现象,同时对机体肝脏也造成了明显的伤害。3.富硒乳酸菌制剂对仔猪生长性能、免疫及抗氧化能力的影响本试验选用断奶天数相同,体况相近且健康的100头仔猪,随机分为5组,分别为对照组、0.3mg/kg 组、0.6mg/kg 组、0.9mg/kg 组、1.2mg/kg 组,每组 4个重复,一个重复5头。正式试验共42天,在正式试验开始前先进行一周左右的预饲期,试验期间对仔猪待测的各项指标样品及时进行采集,饲养试验结束后,对各项指标进行测定,试验结果表明:富硒乳酸菌制剂在仔猪日粮中的加量为0.9mg/kg时,可显著提高仔猪的生长性能,增强日粮中某些营养成分的表观消化率,并能够明显改善仔猪的腹泻情况,同时可增强断奶仔猪的免疫及抗氧化能力。
[Abstract]:Nowadays and in the future, many researchers at home and abroad have paid more and more attention to the new feed additives which play an important role in the development of animal husbandry in our country, such as safe, efficient and non-polluting green additives. A lot of research has been done on this topic, and many kinds of new feed additives have been developed and studied. Based on the production of selenium-enriched Lactobacillus additives from fermented rice bran with selenium-enriched, and on the premise of toxicological test of product additives, the feeding test of weaned piglets was carried out to explore the feeding effect of selenium-enriched Lactobacillus additives in the feeding process of weaned piglets, and to provide relevant practice for its practical application in livestock and poultry breeding in the Based on the study of selenium-enriched lactic acid bacteria additives, three experiments were carried out: 1. Lactobacillus was used to select selenium-enriched fermentation conditions of rice bran. Lactobacillus was purified and cultured first, then fermented with cultured lactic acid bacteria. The optimum conditions of selenium were as follows: 34 g rice bran, 55 mL/250 mL culture medium, 9% inoculum, 8-16 h seed age, 48 h fermentation time, 37 C fermentation temperature, 100 ug/mL sodium selenite. Under these conditions, the biomass of lactic acid bacteria could reach 9.94 g/L, and the production level of organic selenium was 7.46 mg/L.2. On the basis of acute toxicity test, 40 Kunming (KM) mice were divided into four groups randomly. According to the daily intake of Available Selenium in KM mice, there were 40 mg/kg group, 60 mg/kg group and 90 mg/kg group. Each group had 10 KM mice, 5 male mice and 5 female mice. The KM mice were fed continuously for 40 days. The results showed that feeding different doses of selenium-enriched lactobacillus preparation could increase the body weight of male and female rats, feed intake and significantly reduce the feed-to-weight ratio for antioxidant prescription. It was found that the serum antioxidant capacity of male and female rats was enhanced and the excess was decreased by feeding selenium-enriched lactobacillus. According to organ index and pathological section, the changes of organ development and pathological section were the smallest in the 40 mg/kg group, and slight hepatomegaly and granules were found in the 60 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg groups. The results of organ development and pathological section of male mice in the 60mg/kg group showed that the growth of mice was promoted by low dose of selenium, and the growth and development of mice began to be blocked with the increasing dose of selenium. Selenium-enriched lactobacillus preparation on growth performance, immunity and antioxidant capacity of piglets, 100 piglets with the same weaning days, similar and healthy were randomly divided into five groups: control group, 0.3 mg/kg group, 0.6 mg/kg group, 0.9 mg/kg group, 1.2 mg/kg group, each group of four. A total of 5 piglets were duplicated. The formal experiment lasted for 42 days. The pre-feeding period was about a week before the formal experiment. During the experiment, the piglets were collected in time. After the feeding experiment, the indexes were determined. The results showed that the addition of selenium-enriched lactobacillus preparation in the diet of piglets was 0.9mg/kg. It can significantly improve the growth performance of piglets, enhance the apparent digestibility of some nutrients in the diet, and significantly improve the diarrhea of piglets. It can also enhance the immunity and antioxidant capacity of weaned piglets.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S828.5
，
本文编号：2246274
[Abstract]:Nowadays and in the future, many researchers at home and abroad have paid more and more attention to the new feed additives which play an important role in the development of animal husbandry in our country, such as safe, efficient and non-polluting green additives. A lot of research has been done on this topic, and many kinds of new feed additives have been developed and studied. Based on the production of selenium-enriched Lactobacillus additives from fermented rice bran with selenium-enriched, and on the premise of toxicological test of product additives, the feeding test of weaned piglets was carried out to explore the feeding effect of selenium-enriched Lactobacillus additives in the feeding process of weaned piglets, and to provide relevant practice for its practical application in livestock and poultry breeding in the Based on the study of selenium-enriched lactic acid bacteria additives, three experiments were carried out: 1. Lactobacillus was used to select selenium-enriched fermentation conditions of rice bran. Lactobacillus was purified and cultured first, then fermented with cultured lactic acid bacteria. The optimum conditions of selenium were as follows: 34 g rice bran, 55 mL/250 mL culture medium, 9% inoculum, 8-16 h seed age, 48 h fermentation time, 37 C fermentation temperature, 100 ug/mL sodium selenite. Under these conditions, the biomass of lactic acid bacteria could reach 9.94 g/L, and the production level of organic selenium was 7.46 mg/L.2. On the basis of acute toxicity test, 40 Kunming (KM) mice were divided into four groups randomly. According to the daily intake of Available Selenium in KM mice, there were 40 mg/kg group, 60 mg/kg group and 90 mg/kg group. Each group had 10 KM mice, 5 male mice and 5 female mice. The KM mice were fed continuously for 40 days. The results showed that feeding different doses of selenium-enriched lactobacillus preparation could increase the body weight of male and female rats, feed intake and significantly reduce the feed-to-weight ratio for antioxidant prescription. It was found that the serum antioxidant capacity of male and female rats was enhanced and the excess was decreased by feeding selenium-enriched lactobacillus. According to organ index and pathological section, the changes of organ development and pathological section were the smallest in the 40 mg/kg group, and slight hepatomegaly and granules were found in the 60 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg groups. The results of organ development and pathological section of male mice in the 60mg/kg group showed that the growth of mice was promoted by low dose of selenium, and the growth and development of mice began to be blocked with the increasing dose of selenium. Selenium-enriched lactobacillus preparation on growth performance, immunity and antioxidant capacity of piglets, 100 piglets with the same weaning days, similar and healthy were randomly divided into five groups: control group, 0.3 mg/kg group, 0.6 mg/kg group, 0.9 mg/kg group, 1.2 mg/kg group, each group of four. A total of 5 piglets were duplicated. The formal experiment lasted for 42 days. The pre-feeding period was about a week before the formal experiment. During the experiment, the piglets were collected in time. After the feeding experiment, the indexes were determined. The results showed that the addition of selenium-enriched lactobacillus preparation in the diet of piglets was 0.9mg/kg. It can significantly improve the growth performance of piglets, enhance the apparent digestibility of some nutrients in the diet, and significantly improve the diarrhea of piglets. It can also enhance the immunity and antioxidant capacity of weaned piglets.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S828.5
，
本文编号：2246274
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