LED光源不同光色与光照度对伊拉肉兔母兔繁殖性能的影响

发布时间：2018-10-05 06:26

【摘要】：肉兔产业在我国节粮型畜牧产业发展过程中占据着重要的地位。不断提高母兔的繁殖利用率,对肉兔产业的规模化发展至关重要。光照对动物的繁殖性能具有显著影响,且LED光源现已广泛应用于多种动物的研究,但至今仍缺乏关于LED光源对肉兔繁殖性能影响的相关报道。为了提高我国规模化肉兔的养殖效益,本试验利用LED光源探究有利于提高经产母兔繁殖性能的适宜光照条件,结果如下:1.探究LED光色对经产母兔繁殖性能及血清激素水平的影响。试验选取伊拉父母代经产母兔250只,分为5组,每组50只分别饲养于白、红、黄、蓝、绿5种LED光色环境中。结果表明,红色光和黄色光均显著提高了母兔的受胎率和每授精一百只母兔获得的断奶仔兔数(P0.05);在母兔授精之前,各光色组母兔的血清褪黑激素水平比加光之前均降低(P0.01),红光组和绿光组母兔的血清褪黑激素水平显著比白光组低(P0.05),而促卵泡素和雌二醇水平均有升高的趋势,绿光组母兔的血清促卵泡素水平和红光组母兔的血清雌二醇水平均显著升高(P0.05)。2.哺乳母兔适宜LED光照条件的优化。试验选取225只哺乳母兔,分为15组,每组15只。选用白、红、黄、蓝、绿5种光色和60 lux、80 lux、100 lux 3种光照度,交叉搭配形成15个水平组即15个处理。结果表明,光色与光照度对哺乳母兔繁殖性能均无显著互作效应(P0.05)。不考虑光照度因素时,红光组的哺乳母兔受胎率和每授精一百只母兔获得的断奶仔兔数高于其他光色组的,且与蓝光组的差异显著(P0.05);不考虑光色因素时,光照度为60 lux组的哺乳母兔的受胎率和每授精一百只母兔获得的断奶仔兔数最高,与光照度为80 lux组的差异显著(P0.05)。3.空怀母兔适宜LED光照条件的优化。试验选取150只空怀母兔,分为15组,每组10只。选用白、红、黄、蓝、绿5种光色和60 lux、80 lux、100 lux 3种光照度,交叉搭配形成15个水平组即15个处理。结果表明,光色与光照度对空怀母兔繁殖性能均无显著互作效应(P0.05)。不考虑光照度因素时,绿光组的空怀母兔受胎率、产活仔数及每授精一百只母兔获得的断奶仔兔数高于其他光色组的,黄光组的空怀母兔显著提高了产活仔数和断奶仔兔数(P0.05);不考虑光色因素时,光照度为100 lux组的空怀母兔受胎率和每授精一百只母兔获得的断奶仔兔数最高,与光照度为80 lux组的差异显著(P0.05)。综上所述,在LED红光、光照度为60 lux的光照环境下,哺乳母兔的繁殖性能最好;在LED绿光、光照度为100 lux的光照环境下,空怀母兔的繁殖性能最好。
[Abstract]:Meat rabbit industry plays an important role in the development of grain-saving animal husbandry industry in China. Increasing the reproductive efficiency of female rabbits is very important to the development of meat rabbit industry. Light has a significant effect on the reproductive performance of animals, and LED light source has been widely used in many animal studies, but there is still lack of related reports on the effects of LED light source on the reproductive performance of meat rabbits. In order to improve the breeding efficiency of large-scale meat rabbits in China, the suitable light conditions for improving the reproductive performance of female rabbits were investigated by using LED light source. The results are as follows: 1. To investigate the effect of LED photochromic on reproductive performance and serum hormone level of female rabbits. Two hundred and fifty female rabbits were divided into 5 groups. 50 rabbits in each group were fed in 5 kinds of LED photochromatic environments, such as white, red, yellow, blue and green. The results showed that red light and yellow light significantly increased the conception rate and the number of weaning rabbits per 100 female rabbits (P0.05). The serum melatonin levels of the female rabbits in each light group were significantly lower than those in the white light group (P0.01), while the levels of follicle stimulating hormone and estradiol in the red light group and green light group were significantly lower than those in the white light group (P0.05), while the levels of follicle stimulating hormone and estradiol increased. The levels of serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in green light group and serum estradiol level in red light group were significantly increased (P0.05). Optimization of LED illumination conditions for lactating female rabbits. 225 lactating female rabbits were divided into 15 groups with 15 rabbits in each group. White, red, yellow, blue, green and white, red, yellow, blue, green and 60 lux,80 lux,100 lux were selected to form 15 treatments. The results showed that there was no significant interaction between light color and light intensity on reproductive performance of lactating female rabbits (P0.05). The pregnant rate and the number of weaned rabbits per 100 female rabbits in red light group were higher than those in other light groups, and the difference was significant (P0.05) when the light intensity factor was not taken into account; when the photochromic factors were not taken into account, the number of weaned rabbits in red light group was higher than that in blue light group (P0.05). The pregnant rate of lactating female rabbits and the number of weaned rabbits per insemination of 100 female rabbits were the highest in 60 lux group, and the difference was significant (P0.05). 3. Optimization of LED illumination conditions for empty pregnant female rabbits. 150 empty pregnant rabbits were divided into 15 groups with 10 rabbits in each group. White, red, yellow, blue, green and white, red, yellow, blue, green and 60 lux,80 lux,100 lux were selected to form 15 treatments. The results showed that there was no significant interaction between light color and light intensity on the reproductive performance of female rabbits (P0.05). When the light intensity was not taken into account, the pregnant rate, the number of live offspring and the number of weaned rabbits per 100 female rabbits in green light group were higher than those in other light groups. The number of live and weaned rabbits was significantly increased in Huangguang group (P0.05), and the pregnant rate of 100 lux group and the number of weaning rabbits per insemination 100 were the highest when the light color was not taken into account. There was a significant difference between the light intensity of 80 lux group and the light intensity group (P0.05). In conclusion, the reproductive performance of lactating female rabbits was the best in the LED red light and 60 lux light environment, and the best in the LED green light and 100 lux light environment.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S829.1

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